Excessive Time on Social Networking Sites and Disordered Eating Behaviors Among Undergraduate Students: Appearance and Weight Esteem as Mediating Pathways.
Abstract
Social networking sites (SNS) are a popular form of communication among undergraduate students. Body image concerns and disordered eating behaviors are also quite prevalent among this population. Maladaptive use of SNS has been associated with disordered eating behaviors; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. The present study examined if body image concerns (e.g., appearance and weight esteem) mediate the relationship between excessive time spent on SNS and disordered eating behaviors (restrained and emotional eating). The sample included 383 (70.2 percent female) undergraduate students (mean age = 23.08 years, standard deviation = 3.09) who completed self-report questionnaires related to SNS engagement, body image, disordered eating behaviors, and demographics. Parallel multiple mediation and moderated mediation analyses revealed that lower weight and appearance esteem mediated the relationship between excessive time on SNS and restrained eating for males and females, whereas appearance esteem mediated the relationship between excessive time on SNS and emotional eating for females only. The study adds to the literature by highlighting mediational pathways and gender differences. Intervention research is needed to determine if teaching undergraduate students more adaptive ways of using SNS or reducing exposure to SNS reduces body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in this high-risk population.
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Time spent on social media was significantly associated with body image or eating disorder-related outcomes in two studies.
“Time was significantly associated with these variables in two studies, although both papers failed to acknowledge other social media activities and possible mediators [49, 50].”
From The social media diet: A scoping review to investigate the association between social media, body image and eating disorders amongst young people (2023) · cites this paper as [50]
Generally, girls invested heavily in photos of themselves, endorsed the thin / fit ideal, made more comparisons with others, and engaged in higher levels of disordered eating pathology, specifically dieting and emotional eating.
“Generally, girls invested heavily in photos of themselves, endorsed the thin / fit ideal, made more comparisons with others, and engaged in higher levels of disordered eating pathology, specifically dieting and emotional eating [50, 57, 75].”
From The social media diet: A scoping review to investigate the association between social media, body image and eating disorders amongst young people (2023) · cites this paper as [50]
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Korkomaz, A., Jamal, S., Hakim, M., & Zeeni, N. (2026) · Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking · doi:10.1177/21522715261430510
Teknoloji Bağımlılığı Öğrencilerin Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutumlarını Etkiler mi?
Erden, Y., Karakurt, N., & Polat, E. (2026) · Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi · doi:10.38108/ouhcd.1553992
Wang, J., Chen, X., Wen, H., & Chen, H. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18132142
Schoenbauer, K. V., & Suter, E. A. (2026) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-026-01656-0
Liu, M., & Liu, F. (2026) · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · doi:10.1080/08838151.2026.2735478
- Authors
- Murray, M., Maras, D., & Goldfield, G. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Goldfield, Gary S.
- Venue
- Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 709-715
- ISSN
- 2152-2715 (ISSN-L)
- 2152-2723
- OpenAlex
- W2562491996
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 3.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Keywords
- social networking sites, excessive social media use, disordered eating, dietary restraint, emotional eating, body image, body dissatisfaction, undergraduate students, gender differences, mediation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Body Image, Body Weight, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sex Factors, Students, Thinness, Time Factors, Young Adult, Social Networking, Social Media
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