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Cited by 59Diabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes Management and EducationDiabetes Treatment and Management

Continuous glucose monitoring pilot in low-income type 1 diabetes patients

Open access
Sequeira, Paola A., Montoya, Lucy, Ruelas, Valerie, Xing, Dongyuan, Chen, Vincent, Beck, Roy, Peters, Anne L.·2013·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
DOI 10.1089/dia.2013.0072PMC PMC3781124
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to be a valuable tool to improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The objective of this pilot study was to develop and implement CGM in an existing diabetes clinic for low-income patients on multiple daily injections. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled, crossover pilot study. Initial focus groups were held to create low-literacy, Spanish and English guides to the use of carbohydrate counting and CGM. These tools were implemented to train participants on carbohydrate counting and insulin adjustments participants. Subjects were then randomized to start in Group A (CGM) or Group B (self-monitoring blood glucose and then switched after 28 weeks). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was obtained at baseline and at the end of both study phases. RESULTS: Twenty-five economically challenged, primarily Latino participants with minimal prior education on intensive diabetes management completed the study. No significant reduction in HbA1c or decrease in time spent in parameters of low and high blood glucose was shown. However, eighty percent of participants who completed the study wanted to continue to use CGM once the research study was over. The participants also felt that the CGM made adjusting insulin easier. CONCLUSIONS: CGM can be implemented in patients from a low-income public clinic; however, HbA1c reduction was not achieved. Given the underlying lack of baseline self-management knowledge, a longer trial might be necessary to see benefit with CGM in this population.

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  • Real-time CGM studies can be divided into studies with elevated A1C with the primary end point of A1C reduction and studies with A1C near target with the primary end point of reduction in hypoglycemia.

    “Real-time CGM studies can be divided into studies with elevated A1C with the primary end point of A1C reduction and studies with A1C near target with the primary end point of reduction in hypoglycemia (98, 109-124).”

    From 6. Glycemic Targets: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [111]

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Authors
Sequeira, P. A., Montoya, L., Ruelas, V., Xing, D., Chen, V., Beck, R., & Peters, A. L.
Affiliations
  • University of Southern California (US)
  • Jaeb Center for Health Research (US)
Corresponding author
Sequeira, Paola A.
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2013-10
Volume
15
Issue
10
Pages
855-858
ISSN
  • 1520-9156 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-8593
DOI
10.1089/dia.2013.0072
PMC
PMC3781124
OpenAlex
W2035512007
Cited by
59
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
0.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords
continuous glucose monitoring, type 1 diabetes, low-income patients, Hispanic patients, glycemic control, HbA1c, carbohydrate counting, insulin dose adjustment, self-monitoring of blood glucose, diabetes self-management education, multiple daily insulin injections, public health clinics
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, California, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Educational Status, Health Services Accessibility, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Prospective Studies, Self Care, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Patient Satisfaction, Focus Groups, Cross-Over Studies, Monitoring, Ambulatory

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