Neuroendocrine disturbances one to five or more years after traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: data from the German database on hypopituitarism
Abstract
Neuroendocrine disturbances are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but only a few data exist on long-term anterior pituitary deficiencies after brain injury. We present data from the Structured Data Assessment of Hypopituitarism after TBI and SAH, a multi-center study including 1242 patients. We studied a subgroup of 351 patients, who had sustained a TBI (245) or SAH (106) at least 1 year before endocrine assessment (range 1–55 years) in a separate analysis. The highest prevalence of neuroendocrine disorders was observed 1–2 years post-injury, and it decreased over time only to show another maximum in the long-term phase in patients with brain injury occurring ≥5 years prior to assessment. Gonadotropic and somatotropic insufficiencies were most common. In the subgroup from 1 to 2 years after brain injury ( n = 126), gonadotropic insufficiency was the most common hormonal disturbance (19%, 12/63 men) followed by somatotropic insufficiency (11.5%, 7/61), corticotropic insufficiency (9.2%, 11/119), and thyrotropic insufficiency (3.3%, 4/122). In patients observed ≥ 5 years after brain injury, the prevalence of somatotropic insufficiency increased over time to 24.1%, whereas corticotropic and thyrotrophic insufficiency became less frequent (2.5% and 0%, respectively). The prevalence differed regarding the diagnostic criteria (laboratory values vs. physician`s diagnosis vs. stimulation tests). Our data showed that neuroendocrine disturbances are frequent even years after TBI or SAH, in a cohort of patients who are still on medical treatment.
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Traumatic brain injury has been suggested a frequent cause of hypopituitarism at all ages with a prevalence of central hypothyroidism between 5% and 29%.
“Traumatic brain injury has been suggested a frequent cause of hypopituitarism at all ages with a prevalence of central hypothyroidism between 5% and 29% (Fernandez-Rodriguez et al., 2015;Krewer et al., 2016).”
From The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)-axis and its role in physiology and pathophysiology of other hypothalamus-pituitary functions (2021) · cites this paper as Krewer et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Krewer, C., Schneider, M., Schneider, H. J., Kreitschmann-Andermahr, I., Buchfelder, M., Faust, M., Berg, C., Wallaschofski, H., Renner, C., Uhl, E., Koenig, E., Jordan, M., Stalla, G. K., & Kopczak, A.
- Affiliations
- Schön Klinik Bad Aibling (DE)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- University Hospital Cologne (DE)
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Mettmann (DE)
- Specialized Medical Practice for Diabetes and Hormonal Disorders
- Neurologisches Rehabilitationszentrum Leipzig (DE)
- Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg (DE)
- ClinSupport GmbH, Erlangen, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Kopczak, Anna
- Venue
- Journal of Neurotrauma
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-08
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1544-1553
- ISSN
- 0897-7151 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-9042
- OpenAlex
- W2314157779
- Semantic Scholar
- 5b134eb1f66e384437639927b93ec710154072d1
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 6.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neurotrauma (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
- Universitätsbibliographie, Universität Duisburg-Essen (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- Universität zu Köln
- Universitätsklinikum Köln
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Keywords
- neuroendocrine dysfunction, traumatic brain injury, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, hypopituitarism, anterior pituitary deficiency, prevalence, stimulation tests
- MeSH terms
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Adult, Endocrine System Diseases, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Germany, Humans, Hypopituitarism, Male, Middle Aged, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Databases, Factual
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