ASSESSMENT OF OUTCOME AFTER SEVERE BRAIN DAMAGE A Practical Scale
Abstract
Persisting disability after brain damage usually comprises both mental and physical handicap. The mental component is often the more important in contributing to overall social disability. Lack of an objective scale leads to vague and over-optimistic estimates of outcome, which obscure the ultimate results of early management. A five-point scale is described--death, persistent vegetative state, severe disability, moderate disability, and good recovery. Duration as well as intensity of disability should be included in an index of ill-health; this applies particularly after head injury, because many disabled survivors are young.
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The Glasgow Outcome Scale used to assess outcome was developed to evaluate recovery after brain injury and is not validated for CNS infections.
“The GOS used to assess the outcome in the present study was developed to evaluate recovery after brain injury35 and is—although frequently used16,17,36—not validated for CNS infections.”
From Clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with viral meningitis. (2023) · cites this paper as [35]
There are limited data regarding how ransomware cyberattacks impact adjacent, untargeted hospitals.
“Although the operational effects of ransomware-infected HDOs have been reported, there are limited data regarding how ransomware cyberattacks impact adjacent, untargeted hospitals (4).”
From Ransomware Cyberattack Associated With Cardiac Arrest Incidence and Outcomes at Untargeted, Adjacent Hospitals (2024) · cites this paper as [4]
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- Authors
- JENNETT, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- Corresponding author
- JENNETT, B
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1975-03
- Volume
- 305
- Issue
- 7905
- Pages
- 480-484
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W1874700596
- Cited by
- 7,501
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 109 · 2025: 153 · 2024: 161 · 2023: 173 · 2022: 183 · 2021: 218 · 2020: 215 · 2019: 188 · 2018: 240 · 2017: 235 · 2016: 245 · 2015: 228 · 2014: 235 · 2013: 249 · 2012: 254
- FWCI
- 27.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- severe brain damage, outcome measurement, disability scales, persistent vegetative state, traumatic brain injury, mental disability, physical handicap, social dysfunction, recovery
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Mental Disorders, Brain Injuries, Child, Coma, Disability Evaluation, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans, Neurologic Manifestations, Personality Disorders, Time Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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