Cited by 339Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular DisturbancesNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsTraumatic Brain Injury Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Microglial/Macrophage Polarization Dynamics following Traumatic Brain Injury

Open access

Kumar, Alok, Alvarez-Croda, Dulce-Mariely, Stoica, Bogdan A., Faden, Alan I., Loane, David J.·2016·Journal of Neurotrauma

DOI 10.1089/neu.2015.4268PMC PMC5065034

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Activated microglia and macrophages exert dual beneficial and detrimental roles after central nervous system injury, which are thought to be due to their polarization along a continuum from a classical pro-inflammatory M1-like state to an alternative anti-inflammatory M2-like state. The goal of the present study was to analyze the temporal dynamics of microglia/macrophage polarization within the lesion micro-environment following traumatic brain injury (TBI) using a moderate-level controlled cortical impact (CCI) model in mice. We performed a detailed phenotypic analysis of M1- and M2-like polarized microglia/macrophages, as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX2) expression, through 7 days post-injury using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), flow cytometry and image analyses. We demonstrated that microglia/macrophages express both M1- and M2-like phenotypic markers early after TBI, but the transient up-regulation of the M2-like phenotype was replaced by a predominant M1- or mixed transitional (Mtran) phenotype that expressed high levels of NOX2 at 7 days post-injury. The shift towards the M1-like and Mtran phenotype was associated with increased cortical and hippocampal neurodegeneration. In a follow up study, we administered a selective NOX2 inhibitor, gp91ds-tat, to CCI mice starting at 24 h post-injury to investigate the relationship between NOX2 and M1-like/Mtran phenotypes. Delayed gp91ds-tat treatment altered M1-/M2-like balance in favor of the anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype, and significantly reduced oxidative damage in neurons at 7 days post-injury. Therefore, our data suggest that despite M1-like and M2-like polarized microglia/macrophages being activated after TBI, the early M2-like response becomes dysfunctional over time, resulting in development of pathological M1-like and Mtran phenotypes driven by increased NOX2 activity.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1089/neu.2015.4268

Cites

52 of 52 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Wound repair and regeneration
Gurtner, G. C., Werner, S., Barrandon, Y., & Longaker, M. T. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07039 · Cited by 6,542
Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages
Ginhoux, F., Greter, M., Leboeuf, M., Nandi, S., See, P., Gokhan, S., Mehler, M. F., Conway, S. J., Ng, L. G., Stanley, E. R., et al. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1194637 · Cited by 5,175
Identification of Two Distinct Macrophage Subsets with Divergent Effects Causing either Neurotoxicity or Regeneration in the Injured Mouse Spinal Cord
Kigerl, K. A., Gensel, J. C., Ankeny, D. P., Alexander, J. K., Donnelly, D. J., & Popovich, P. G. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3257-09.2009 · Cited by 2,130
Neuroinflammation and M2 Microglia: The Good, the Bad, and the Inflamed
Cherry, J. D., Olschowka, J. A., & O’Banion, M. K. (2014) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-98 · Cited by 1,748
Repertoire of microglial and macrophage responses after spinal cord injury
David, S., & Kroner, A. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3053 · Cited by 1,297
Microglial Activation and Chronic Neurodegeneration
Lull, M. E., & Block, M. L. (2010) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.nurt.2010.05.014 · Cited by 1,047 · cited 1×
“NOX2 is a common and essential mechanism of microglial-mediated neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease.(35) Activation of NOX2 in microglia is neurotoxic, both through the production of extracellular ROS that damage neighboring neurons(36) and through initiation of redox signaling in microglia that amplifies the p…”
Background
Inflammation and white matter degeneration persist for years after a single traumatic brain injury
Johnson, V. E., Stewart, J. E., Begbie, F. D., Trojanowski, J. Q., Smith, D. H., & Stewart, W. (2013) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aws322 · Cited by 1,045
Inflammation after trauma: Microglial activation and traumatic brain injury
Ramlackhansingh, A. F., Brooks, D. J., Greenwood, R. J., Bose, S. K., Turkheimer, F. E., Kinnunen, K. M., Gentleman, S., Heckemann, R. A., Gunanayagam, K., Gelosa, G., et al. (2011) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.22455 · Cited by 999
Heterogeneity of Microglial Activation in the Innate Immune Response in the Brain
Colton, C. A. (2009) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-009-9164-4 · Cited by 916
Macrophage activation and its role in repair and pathology after spinal cord injury
Gensel, J. C., & Zhang, B. (2015) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.12.045 · Cited by 792

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 52 references

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 339

Microglial polarization in posttraumatic epilepsy: Potential mechanism and treatment opportunity
Therajaran, P., Hamilton, J. A., O'Brien, T. J., Jones, N. C., & Ali, I. Y. (2020) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/epi.16424 · Cited by 57
hUC-MSCs ameliorated CUMS-induced depression by modulating complement C3 signaling-mediated microglial polarization during astrocyte-microglia crosstalk
Li, J., Wang, H., Du, C., Jin, X., Geng, Y., Han, B., Ma, Q., Li, Q., Wang, Q., Guo, Y., et al. (2020) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.07.004 · Cited by 54
Hydrogen-rich water attenuates brain damage and inflammation after traumatic brain injury in rats
Tian, R., Hou, Z., Hao, S., Wu, W., Mao, X., Tao, X., Lu, T., & Liu, B. (2016) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.01.029 · Cited by 52
The Effect of A 2A Receptor Antagonist on Microglial Activation in Experimental Glaucoma
Liu, X., Huang, P. C., Wang, J., Yang, Z., Huang, S., Luo, X., Qi, J., Shen, X. P., & Zhong, Y. (2016) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18024 · Cited by 52
Polarization of microglia and its role in bacterial sepsis
Michels, M., Sonai, B., & Dal‐Pizzol, F. (2017) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.12.015 · Cited by 51
Traumatic Injury Leads to Inflammation and Altered Tryptophan Metabolism in the Juvenile Rabbit Brain
Zhang, Z., Rasmussen, L., Saraswati, M., Koehler, R., Robertson, C., & Kannan, S. (2019) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5450 · Cited by 49
MAPK: A Key Player in the Development and Progression of Stroke
Zheng, Y., Han, Z., Zhao, H., & Luo, Y. (2020) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527319666200613223018 · Cited by 50
Antioxidant thioether core-crosslinked nanoparticles prevent the bilateral spread of secondary injury to protect spatial learning and memory in a controlled cortical impact mouse model of traumatic brain injury
Tarudji, A. W., Gee, C. C., Romereim, S. M., Convertine, A. J., & Kievit, F. (2021) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120766 · Cited by 40
Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition Promotes White Matter Integrity and Long-Term Functional Recovery after chronic hypoperfusion in mice
Chen, Y., Tian, H., Yao, E., Tian, Y., Zhang, H., Xu, L., Yu, Z., Fang, Y., Wang, W., Du, P., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08227-z · Cited by 51
White matter inflammation and cognitive function in a co-morbid metabolic syndrome and prodromal Alzheimer’s disease rat model
Ivanova, N., Liu, Q., Agca, C., Ağca, Y., Noble, E. G., Whitehead, S. N., & Cechetto, D. F. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-1698-7 · Cited by 51
Microglial Hv1 proton channels promote white matter injuries after chronic hypoperfusion in mice
Yu, Y., Luo, X., Li, C., Ding, F., Wang, M., Xie, M., Yu, Z., Ransom, B. R., & Wang, W. (2019) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14925 · Cited by 47
NADPH oxidase isoform expression is temporally regulated and may contribute to microglial/macrophage polarization after spinal cord injury
Bermudez, S., Khayrullina, G., Zhao, Y., & Byrnes, K. R. (2016) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2016.10.001 · Cited by 49
TMEM119 as a specific marker of microglia reaction in traumatic brain injury in postmortem examination
Bohnert, S., Seiffert, A., Trella, S., Bohnert, M., Distel, L. V., Ondruschka, B., & Monoranu, C. (2020) · International Journal of Legal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00414-020-02384-z · Cited by 47
Augmenting hematoma-scavenging capacity of innate immune cells by CDNF reduces brain injury and promotes functional recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage
Tseng, K.-Y., Stratoulias, V., Hu, W.-F., Wu, J., Wang, V., Chen, Y.-H., Seelbach, A., Huttunen, H. J., Kulesskaya, N., Pang, C., et al. (2023) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-022-05520-2 · Cited by 47
STAT1 Contributes to Microglial/Macrophage Inflammation and Neurological Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Zhao, Y., Ma, C., Chen, C., Li, S., Wang, Y., Yang, T., Stetler, R. A., Bennett, M. V. L., Dixon, C. E., Chen, J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0682-22.2022 · Cited by 51
Fundamental Neurochemistry Review: Microglial immunometabolism in traumatic brain injury
Strogulski, N. R., Portela, L. V., Polster, B. M., & Loane, D. J. (2023) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15959 · Cited by 49
Self-citation
The novel Nrf2 activator CDDO‐EA attenuates cerebral ischemic injury by promoting microglia/macrophage polarization toward M2 phenotype in mice
Xia, L., Li, H., Li, M., Dong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, Z., Sun, B., & Mao, L. (2020) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.13496 · Cited by 43
The role of the brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in mild traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Vadhan, J. D., & Speth, R. C. (2021) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107684 · Cited by 42
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery for the treatment of traumatic brain injury
Mohammed, F. S., Omay, S. B., Sheth, K. N., & Zhou, J. (2022) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1080/17425247.2023.2152001 · Cited by 42
Phillyrin Prevents Neuroinflammation-Induced Blood–Brain Barrier Damage Following Traumatic Brain Injury via Altering Microglial Polarization
Jiang, Q., Wei, D., He, X., Gan, C., Long, X., & Zhang, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.719823 · Cited by 43
Intraperitoneal injection of IL-4/IFN-γ modulates the proportions of microglial phenotypes and improves epilepsy outcomes in a pilocarpine model of acquired epilepsy
Li, T., Zhai, X., Jiang, J., Song, X., Han, W., Ma, J., Xie, L., Li, C., Chen, H., & Jiang, L. (2016) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.006 · Cited by 40
Single low-dose lipopolysaccharide preconditioning: neuroprotective against axonal injury and modulates glial cells
Turner, R. C., Naser, Z. J., Lucke-Wold, B. P., Logsdon, A. F., VanGilder, R. L., Matsumoto, R. R., Huber, J. D., & Rosen, C. L. (2017) · Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation · doi:10.20517/2347-8659.2016.40 · Cited by 41
Microglia as therapeutic targets after neurological injury: strategy for cell therapy
Scott, M. C., Bedi, S. S., Olson, S. D., Sears, C. M., & Cox, C. S. (2021) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1080/14728222.2021.1934447 · Cited by 43
Meningeal lymphatic dysfunction exacerbates traumatic brain injury pathogenesisPreprint
Bolte, A. C., Hurt, M. E., Smirnov, I., Kovacs, M. A., McKee, C. A., Natale, N. R., Ennerfelt, H. E., Frost, E. L., Lammert, C. R., Kipnis, J., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/817023 · Cited by 41
To re-examine the intersection of microglial activation and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases from the perspective of pyroptosis
Li, Y., Li, Y., & Zhu, Z. (2023) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2023.1284214 · Cited by 43
Amelioration of visual deficits and visual system pathology after mild TBI via the cannabinoid Type-2 receptor inverse agonism of raloxifene
Honig, M. G., Mar, N. A. D., Henderson, D. L., Ragsdale, T. D., Doty, J. B., Driver, J. H., Li, C., Fortugno, A. P., Mitchell, W. M., Perry, A. M., et al. (2019) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113063 · Cited by 39
Spatial-temporal changes of iron deposition and iron metabolism after traumatic brain injury in mice
Cheng, H., Wang, N., Ma, X., Wang, P., Dong, W., Chen, Z., Wu, M., Wang, Z., Wang, L., Guan, D.-W., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.949573 · Cited by 39
Effects of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles on the functions of immune cells
Musatova, O. E., & Rubtsov, Y. P. (2023) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2023.1060000 · Cited by 38
Therapeutic benefits of phosphodiesterase 4B inhibition after traumatic brain injury
Wilson, N. M., Gurney, M. E., Dietrich, W. D., & Atkins, C. M. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0178013 · Cited by 38
Podoplanin influences the inflammatory phenotypes and mobility of microglia in traumatic brain injury
Fei, M., Wang, H., Zhou, M., Deng, C., Zhang, L., & Han, Y. (2019) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.003 · Cited by 38
Label-free monitoring of tissue biochemistry following traumatic brain injury using Raman spectroscopy
Surmacki, J. M., Ansel-Bollepalli, L., Pischiutta, F., Zanier, E. R., Ercole, A., & Bohndiek, S. E. (2016) · The Analyst · doi:10.1039/c6an02238c · Cited by 37
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pathological tau phosphorylation in traumatic brain injury: implications for chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Donison, N. S., Palik, J., Volkening, K., & Strong, M. J. (2025) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00842-z · Cited by 42
Insulin inhibits inflammation and promotes atherosclerotic plaque stability via PI3K-Akt pathway activation
Yan, H., Ma, Y., Li, Y., Zheng, X., Lv, P., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Ma, M., Zhang, L., Li, C., et al. (2015) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2015.12.003 · Cited by 37
Biomaterials for Enhancing CNS Repair
Lim, T. C., & Spector, M. (2016) · Translational Stroke Research · doi:10.1007/s12975-016-0470-x · Cited by 36
Time dependent analysis of rat microglial surface markers in traumatic brain injury reveals dynamics of distinct cell subpopulations
Gottlieb, A., Furman, N. E. T., Prabhakara, K. S., Kumar, A., Caplan, H. W., Bedi, S. S., Cox, C. S., & Olson, S. D. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10419-1 · Cited by 36
Self-citation
Semaphorin3A increases M1-like microglia and retinal ganglion cell apoptosis after optic nerve injury
Yun-Jia, L., Xi, C., Zhang, J., Zhu, J., Lin, S., & Ye, J. (2021) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-021-00603-7 · Cited by 34
Emerging scaffold- and cellular-based strategies for brain tissue regeneration and imaging
Collins, M. N., Zamboni, F., Serafin, A., Escobar, A., Stepanian, R., Culebras, M., Reis, R. L., & Oliveira, J. M. (2022) · In vitro models · doi:10.1007/s44164-022-00013-0 · Cited by 34
Empowering Data Sharing and Analytics through the Open Data Commons for Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Chou, A., Espin, A. T., Huie, J. R., Krukowski, K., Lee, S., Nolan, A., Guglielmetti, C., Hawkins, B. E., Chaumeil, M. M., Manley, G. T., et al. (2022) · Neurotrauma Reports · doi:10.1089/neur.2021.0061 · Cited by 32
Network pharmacology identification of mechanisms of cerebral ischemia injury amelioration by Baicalin and Geniposide
Wu, J., Wang, B., Li, M., Shi, Y., Wang, C., & Kang, Y.-G. (2019) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172484 · Cited by 33
Traumatic brain injury-induced inflammatory changes in the olfactory bulb disrupt neuronal networks leading to olfactory dysfunction
Liu, X., Lei, Z., Gilhooly, D., He, J., Li, Y., Ritzel, R. M., Li, H., Wu, L., Liu, S., & Wu, J. (2023) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.004 · Cited by 32
Heterogeneity of Microglia Phenotypes: Developmental, Functional and Some Therapeutic Considerations
Yuan, Y., Wu, C., & Ling, E. (2019) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612825666190722114248 · Cited by 31
The immunological influence of physical exercise on TBI-induced pathophysiology: Crosstalk between the spleen, gut, and brain
Godinho, D. B., Fiorin, F. D. S., Oliveira, M. S., Furian, A. F., Fighera, M. R., & Royes, L. F. F. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.006 · Cited by 29
Angiotensin II Receptor 1 Blockage Limits Brain Damage and Improves Functional Outcome After Brain Injury in Aged Animals Despite Age-Dependent Reduction in AT1 Expression
Timaru‐Kast, R., Gotthardt, P., Luh, C., Huang, C., Hummel, R., Schäfer, M. K. E., & Thal, S. C. (2019) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00063 · Cited by 28
Temporal changes in inflammatory mitochondria-enriched microRNAs following traumatic brain injury and effects of miR-146a nanoparticle delivery
Wang, W., Prajapati, P., Vekaria, H. J., Spry, M. L., Cloud, A. L., Sullivan, P. G., & Springer, J. E. (2020) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.293149 · Cited by 29
A mathematical model of neuroinflammation in severe clinical traumatic brain injury
Vaughan, L. E., Ranganathan, P. R., Kumar, R. G., Wagner, A. K., & Rubin, J. E. (2018) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1384-1 · Cited by 30
Genetic deletion of Krüppel-like factor 11 aggravates traumatic brain injury
Zhou, C., Sun, P., Hamblin, M. H., & Yin, K. (2022) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-022-02638-0 · Cited by 28
High-dose dexamethasone regulates microglial polarization via the GR/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway after traumatic brain injury
Yang, M., Bai, M., Zhuang, Y., Lu, S., Ge, Q., Li, H., Deng, Y. L., Wu, H., Xu, X., Niu, F., et al. (2024) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01772 · Cited by 27
Blocking Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Expression Prevents Blast-Induced Excitatory/Inhibitory Synaptic Imbalance and Parvalbumin-Positive Interneuron Loss in the Hippocampus
Wang, W., Zinsmaier, A. K., Firestone, E., Lin, R., Yatskievych, T. A., Yang, S., Zhang, J., & Bao, S. (2018) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5688 · Cited by 29
Murine iPSC-derived microglia and macrophage cell culture models recapitulate distinct phenotypical and functional properties of classical and alternative neuro-immune polarisation
Quarta, A., Blon, D. L., D’aes, T., Pieters, Z., Taj, S. H., Miró‐Mur, F., Luyckx, E., Breedam, E. V., Daans, J., Goossens, H., et al. (2019) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.09.009 · Cited by 29
Targeting NOX2 mitigates seizure susceptibility, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the pentylenetetrazol seizure model
Singh, P. K., Maurya, S., Saadi, A., & Shekh‐Ahmad, T. (2025) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.05.386 · Cited by 26
Effects of estrogen receptor GPR30 agonist G1 on neuronal apoptosis and microglia polarization in traumatic brain injury rats
Pan, M., Tang, J.-C., Liu, R., Feng, Y.-G., & Wan, Q. (2018) · Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · doi:10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.003 · Cited by 24
Calming the Nerves via the Immune Instructive Physiochemical Properties of Self‐Assembling Peptide Hydrogels
Mahmoudi, N., Mohamed, E., Dehnavi, S. S., Aguilar, L. M. C., Harvey, A. R., Parish, C. L., Williams, R. J., & Nisbet, D. R. (2023) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202303707 · Cited by 23
Progressive long‐term spatial memory loss following repeat concussive and subconcussive brain injury in mice, associated with dorsal hippocampal neuron loss, microglial phenotype shift, and vascular abnormalities
Honig, M. G., Dorian, C. C., Worthen, J. D., Micetich, A. C., Mulder, I. A., Sanchez, K. B., Pierce, W. F., Mar, N. A. D., & Reiner, A. J. (2020) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14711 · Cited by 26
CCR2 Inhibition Reduces Neurotoxic Microglia Activation Phenotype After Japanese Encephalitis Viral Infection
Singh, S., Singh, G., Tiwari, S., & Kumar, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.00230 · Cited by 24
Self-citation
Role of innate inflammation in traumatic brain injury
Bourgeois-Tardif, S., Beaumont, L. D., Rivera, J. C., Chemtob, S., & Weil, A. G. (2021) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-020-05002-3 · Cited by 24
Long-Term Cognitive Deficits After Traumatic Brain Injury Associated With Microglia Activation
Saba, E. S., Karout, M., Nasrallah, L., Kobeissy, F. H., Darwish, H., & Khoury, S. J. (2021) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2021.108815 · Cited by 24
The contribution of the meningeal immune interface to neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury
Mokbel, A. Y., Burns, M. P., & Main, B. S. (2024) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-024-03122-7 · Cited by 25
Glial Activation in the Thalamus Contributes to Vestibulomotor Deficits Following Blast-Induced Neurotrauma
Dickerson, M. R., Bailey, Z. S., Murphy, S. F., Urban, M. J., & VandeVord, P. J. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00618 · Cited by 23
Tanshinone IIA Promotes M2 Microglia by ERβ/IL-10 Pathway and Attenuates Neuronal Loss in Mouse TBI Model
Chen, M., Chen, Q., & Tao, T. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s265478 · Cited by 22
Uncovering mechanisms of brain inflammation in Alzheimer's disease with APOE4 : Application of single cell‐type lipidomics
Asante, I., Louie, S. G., & Yassine, H. N. (2022) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14907 · Cited by 23
Exploring microglia and their phenomenal concatenation of stress responses in neurodegenerative disorders
Asveda, T., Talwar, P., & Ravanan, P. (2023) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121920 · Cited by 23
Microglial SMAD4 regulated by microRNA-146a promotes migration of microglia which support tumor progression in a glioma environment
Karthikeyan, A., Gupta, N., Tang, C., Mallilankaraman, K., Silambarasan, M., Shi, M., Lu, L., Ang, B. T., Ling, E.-A., & Dheen, S. T. (2018) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.25116 · Cited by 23
Suppression of miR-193a alleviates neuroinflammation and improves neurological function recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice
Si, L., Wang, H., & Wang, L. (2020) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.095 · Cited by 22
Changes in Binding of [123I]CLINDE, a High-Affinity Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO) Selective Radioligand in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Donat, C. K., Gaber, K., Meixensberger, J., Brust, P., Pinborg, L. H., Hansen, H. H., & Mikkelsen, J. D. (2016) · NeuroMolecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12017-016-8385-y · Cited by 25
The effect of dipeptidyl peptidase IV on disease-associated microglia phenotypic transformation in epilepsy
Zheng, Z., Liang, P., Hou, B., Lu, X., Ma, Q., Yu, X.-M., Han, S. H., Peng, B., Chen, T.-X., Liu, W., et al. (2021) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-021-02133-y · Cited by 22
DJ-1 activates the Atg5-Atg12-Atg16L1 complex via Sirt1 to influence microglial polarization and alleviate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced inflammatory injury
Zhao, N., Li, Y., Wang, C., Xue, Y., Li, P., Wang, T., Zhao, Y., Xu, G., & Yu, S. (2022) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105341 · Cited by 21
Adipose Stem Cell-Based Clinical Strategy for Neural Regeneration: A Review of Current Opinion
Wang, Y., Guo, Y., Wang, D., Liu, J., & Pan, J. (2019) · Stem Cells International · doi:10.1155/2019/8502370 · Cited by 20
Recent Advances in Biomaterials‐Based Therapies for Alleviation and Regeneration of Traumatic Brain Injury
Hu, H., Chen, X., Zhao, K., Zheng, W., & Gao, C. (2023) · Macromolecular Bioscience · doi:10.1002/mabi.202200577 · Cited by 20
Bacteria invade the brain following intracortical microelectrode implantation, inducing gut-brain axis disruption and contributing to reduced microelectrode performance
Hoeferlin, G. F., Grabinski, S. E., Druschel, L. N., Duncan, J. L., Burkhart, G., Weagraff, G. R., Lee, A. H., Hong, C., Bambroo, M., Olivares, H., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-56979-4 · Cited by 21
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) inhibition attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive dysfunction and sickness-like behavior in mice
Ghosh, D., Singh, A., Kumar, A., & Sinha, N. (2022) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-022-09295-8 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
Wide-field calcium imaging reveals widespread changes in cortical functional connectivity following mild traumatic brain injury in the mouse
Cramer, S. W., Haley, S. P., Popa, L. S., Carter, R. E., Scott, E. P., Flaherty, E. B., Dominguez, J., Aronson, J. D., Sabal, L. T., Surinach, D. A., et al. (2022) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105943 · Cited by 18
Tetramerization of PKM2 Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Damage in Microglia
Zhu, H., Zhang, H., Zhao, X.-J., Zhang, L., Liu, X., Zhang, Z., Ren, Y., & Feng, Y. (2024) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-024-10138-6 · Cited by 21
Macrophage depletion with clodronate-containing liposomes affects the incidence and development of rheumatoid arthritis
Zhang, Q., Yuan, R., Li, C., Wei, W., Shen, W., Cui, Y., & Yuan, X. (2018) · Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie · doi:10.1007/s00393-018-0563-x · Cited by 19
Distinct Polarization Dynamics of Microglia and Infiltrating Macrophages: A Novel Mechanism of Spinal Cord Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Li, H., Wang, P., Tang, L., Sun, J., Zhang, Y., Luo, W., Luo, C., Hu, Z., & Yang, L. C. (2021) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s335382 · Cited by 18
The role of N-glycosylation of CD200-CD200R1 interaction in classical microglial activation
Liu, C., Shen, Y., Tang, Y., & Gu, Y. (2018) · Journal of Inflammation · doi:10.1186/s12950-018-0205-8 · Cited by 19
Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibition Mitigates Histopathological and Behavioral Changes in a Murine Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Niziolek, G. M., Boudreau, R. M., Baker, J. E., Friend, L. A., Makley, A. T., Edwards, M. J., Gulbins, E., & Goodman, M. D. (2020) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6436 · Cited by 18
Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Polarization Phenotype of Rat Microglia After Traumatic Brain Injury
Liang, F., Kang, N., Li, P., Liu, X., Li, G., & Yang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.640816 · Cited by 18
PPARγ/RAD21 alleviates peripheral secondary brain injury in rat cerebral hemorrhage model through promoting M2 polarization of microglial cells
Jiao, Y., Ren, S., Wang, L., & Wu, G. (2022) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109572 · Cited by 18
Pharmacologic Toll-like receptor 4 inhibition skews toward a favorable A1/A2 astrocytic ratio improving neurocognitive outcomes following traumatic brain injury
Baassiri, M. G. E., Rahal, S. S., Fulton, W. B., Sodhi, C. P., Hackam, D. J., & Nasr, I. W. (2023) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000003887 · Cited by 18
Low-dose ionizing radiation promotes motor recovery and brain rewiring by resolving inflammatory response after brain injury and stroke
Au, N. P. B., Wu, T., Kumar, G., Jin, Y., Li, Y. Y. T., Chan, S. L., Lai, J. H. C., Chan, K. W. Y., Yu, K. N., Wang, X., et al. (2023) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.015 · Cited by 21
Enriching neural stem cell and anti‐inflammatory glial phenotypes with electrical stimulation after traumatic brain injury in male rats
Park, E. Y., Lyon, J. G., Alvarado‐Velez, M., Betancur, M. I., Mokarram, N., Shin, J. H., & Bellamkonda, R. V. (2021) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24834 · Cited by 17
Depression, Estrogens, and Neuroinflammation: A Preclinical Review of Ketamine Treatment for Mood Disorders in Women
Gagne, C., Piot, A., & Brake, W. G. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.797577 · Cited by 18
The NOX2-ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome axis in traumatic brain injury
Laabei, J., Vegliante, G., Strogulski, N. R., Douglas, C., Threja, S., Pearson, A., Nkiliza, A., Hanscom, M., Emediato, I. D. F., Crawford, F., et al. (2025) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-025-03535-y · Cited by 17
Self-citation
Antioxidant Dimethyl Fumarate Temporarily but Not Chronically Improves Intracortical Microelectrode Performance
Hoeferlin, G. F., Bajwa, T. S., Olivares, H., Zhang, J., Druschel, L. N., Sturgill, B. S., Sobota, M., Boucher, P., Duncan, J., Hernandez-Reynoso, A. G., et al. (2023) · Micromachines · doi:10.3390/mi14101902 · Cited by 16
Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein mediated neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis after traumatic brain injury
Liu, Y., Zhao, M. F., Yü, Y., Liu, J., Liu, W., Yao, R.-Q., Wang, J., Yang, R., Wu, Y., Dong, N., et al. (2024) · Burns & Trauma · doi:10.1093/burnst/tkae004 · Cited by 18
Loss of microRNA-15a/16-1 function promotes neuropathological and functional recovery in experimental traumatic brain injury
Zhou, C., Li, S., Qiu, N., Sun, P., Hamblin, M. H., Dixon, C. E., Chen, J., & Yin, K. (2024) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.178650 · Cited by 17
Transcriptional profiling of microglia in the injured brain reveals distinct molecular features underlying neurodegeneration
Cong, L., Dai, S., Shi, R., He, X., Wang, Y., He, B., Sun, X., Du, H., Liu, C., & Teng, Z. (2021) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23966 · Cited by 18
Early Axonal Injury and Delayed Cytotoxic Cerebral Edema are Associated with Microglial Activation in a Mouse Model of Sepsis
Pang, D., Wu, Y. L., Alcamo, A. M., Cummings, J. L., Caro, V. D., Walko, T. D., Hsue, V. B.-C., Clark, R. S. B., Panigrahy, A., Kochanek, P. M., et al. (2019) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000001446 · Cited by 18
Sestrin2 provides cerebral protection through activation of Nrf2 signaling in microglia following subarachnoid hemorrhage
Yang, Y., Ding, H., Yang, C., Wu, J., Bao, Y., Lan, S., Zhou, L., Zhou, L., Liu, B., Hong, T., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1089576 · Cited by 17
Alteration in mitochondrial dynamics promotes the proinflammatory response of microglia and is involved in cerebellar dysfunction of young and aged mice following LPS exposure
Ghosh, D., Singh, G., Mishra, P., Singh, A., Kumar, A., & Sinha, N. (2023) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137262 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
TMEM16F inhibition limits pain-associated behavior and improves motor function by promoting microglia M2 polarization in mice
Zhao, J., & Gao, Q.-Y. (2019) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.070 · Cited by 16
Functional consequences of a close encounter between microglia and brain-infiltrating monocytes during CNS pathology and repair
Quarta, A., Berneman, Z. N., & Ponsaerts, P. (2020) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.3ru0820-536r · Cited by 17
Niacin for Parkinson's disease
Seamon, M., Purohit, S. B., Giri, B., Baban, B., Morgan, J. C., Chong, R. K. Y., & Wakade, C. G. (2019) · Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1111/cen3.12553 · Cited by 16
Differential effects of NOX2 and NOX4 inhibition after rodent spinal cord injury
Khayrullina, G., Bermudez, S., Hopkins, D., Yauger, Y. J., & Byrnes, K. R. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281045 · Cited by 15
Neurobehavioral and inflammatory responses following traumatic brain injury in male and female mice
Bahader, G. A., Naghavi, F., Alotaibi, A., Dehghan, A., Swain, C. C., Burkett, J. P., & Shah, Z. A. (2023) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114711 · Cited by 16
Temporal changes in the microglial proteome of male and female mice after a diffuse brain injury using label‐free quantitative proteomics
Doust, Y. V., Bindoff, A. D., Holloway, O. G., Wilson, R., King, A. E., & Ziebell, J. M. (2022) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.24313 · Cited by 14
Identification and characterization of microglia/macrophages in the granuloma microenvironment of encephalic schistosomiasis japonicum
Tan, Z., Lei, Z., Zhang, Z., Zhang, H., Shu, K., Hu, F., & Lei, T. (2019) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4725-5 · Cited by 14
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization: Comparison of Matrix-Bound and Small Extracellular Vesicles
Klyucherev, T. O., Yurkanova, M. D., Revokatova, D. P., Chevalier, D. A., Shishkov, V. V., Vlasova, I. I., Kosheleva, N. V., & Timashev, P. S. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15020093 · Cited by 13
Minocycline improves cognition and molecular measures of inflammation and neurodegeneration following repetitive mTBI
Hiskens, M. I., Vella, R. K., Schneiders, A. G., & Fenning, A. S. (2021) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2021.1909139 · Cited by 15
BDNF Alleviates Microglial Inhibition and Stereotypic Behaviors in a Mouse Model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Luo, Y., Chen, X., Wei, C., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., Han, L., Sun, K., Li, B., & Wen, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.926572 · Cited by 13

Authors: Kumar, A., Alvarez-Croda, D.-M., Stoica, B. A., Faden, A. I., & Loane, D. J.
Affiliations: University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Corresponding author: Loane, David J.
ORCID: Kumar, Alok
Stoica, Bogdan A.
Faden, Alan I.
Loane, David J.
Venue: Journal of Neurotrauma
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2016-10
Volume: 33
Issue: 19
Pages: 1732-1750
ISSN: 0897-7151 (ISSN-L)
1557-9042
DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4268
PMC: PMC5065034
OpenAlex: W2209119157
Cited by: 339
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 23
FWCI: 17.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Neurotrauma (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (AG028747)
National Institute on Aging (AG028747, P30AG028747)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS037313, R01NS082308)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Keywords: microglial polarization, macrophage polarization, traumatic brain injury, M1/M2 phenotype, NOX2, controlled cortical impact, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, oxidative damage, hippocampus, cortical injury, temporal dynamics

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Microglial/Macrophage Polarization Dynamics following Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks