Autophagy in the heart and liver during normal aging and calorie restriction
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly regulated intracellular process for the degradation of cellular constituents and essential for the maintenance of a healthy cell. We evaluated the effects of age and life-long calorie restriction on autophagy in heart and liver of young (6 months) and old (26 months) Fisher 344 rats. We observed that the occurrence of autophagic vacuoles was higher in heart than liver. The occurrence of autophagic vacuoles was not affected by age in either tissue, but was increased with calorie restriction in heart but not in liver. Next, we examined the expression of proteins involved in the formation and maturation of autophagosomes (beclin-1, LC3, Atg7, Atg9) or associated with autolysosomes and lysosomes (LAMP-1; cathepsin D). In hearts of both ad libitum -fed and calorie-restricted rats, we observed an increase in expression of beclin-1 and procathepsin D, but not mature cathepsin D, and a decrease in expression of LAMP-1 because of aging. In hearts, calorie restriction stimulated the expression of Atg7 and Atg9 and the lipidation of Atg8 (elevated LC3-II/I ratios) in aged rats. In hearts of ad libitum -fed rats, expression of Atg7 and lipidation of Atg8 were unaffected by age, while the cellular levels of Atg9 were lower in aged animals. Furthermore, we observed that the age- and diet-dependent expression levels of those proteins differed between heart and liver. In conclusion, autophagy in heart and liver did not decrease with age in ad libitum -fed rats, but was enhanced by calorie restriction in the heart. Thus, calorie restriction may mediate some of its beneficial effects by stimulating autophagy in the heart, indicating the potential for cardioprotective therapies.
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The macroautophagic defect seems to be tissue-dependent.
“the macroautophagic defect seems to be also tissue-dependent (Wohlgemuth et al., 2007)”
From Protein Homeostasis and Aging: the importance of exquisite quality control (2011) · cites this paper as Wohlgemuth et al., 2007
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- Authors
- Wohlgemuth, S. E., Julian, D., Akin, D. E., Fried, J., Toscano, K., Leeuwenburgh, C., & Dunn, Jr.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
- Venue
- Rejuvenation Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 281-292
- ISSN
- 1094-5458 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-1684
- 1557-8577
- OpenAlex
- W2076953907
- Cited by
- 179
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 8.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Rejuvenation Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (AG-21042, R01AG021042, P30AG028740)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA095552, CA-95552)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- autophagy, caloric restriction, aging, heart, liver, autophagosomes, Beclin-1, LC3, ATG7, Atg9, ATG8 lipidation, LAMP1, cathepsin D, autophagosome maturation, cardioprotection
- MeSH terms
- Beclin-1, Aging, Animals, Autophagy, Cathepsin D, Heart, Lipids, Liver, Male, Myocardium, Rats, Inbred F344, Caloric Restriction, Myocytes, Cardiac, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Rats
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