Vector-Borne Pathogens in Stray Dogs in Northeastern Turkey
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to attain prevalence and molecular characterization of pathogens causing canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) including babesiosis, hepatozoonosis, leishmaniasis, filariosis (Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, and Acanthocheilonema reconditum), ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis), and anaplasmosis (Anaplasma platys) in stray dogs. The study material consisted of 133 asymptomatic female (n = 96) and male (n = 37) stray dogs (≤1 year old, n = 16 and 1–6 years old, n = 117) housed in the Animal Care and Rehabilitation Center, Erzurum, Northeastern Turkey. Conventional and nested PCR were performed on blood samples to detect Babesia spp., Leishmania spp., Hepatozoon spp., D. immitis, D. repens, A. reconditum, E. canis, and A. platys. Sex and age association with the pathogen prevalence was determined using X2 statistics. The positivity rate for at least one CVBD pathogen was 48.9% (65/133). DNA of B. canis, Hepatozoon spp., H. canis, D. immitis, and E. canis were detected in 5.3% (7/133), 27.1% (36/133), 5.3% (7/133), 1.5% (2/133), and 9.8% (13/133) of the dogs, respectively. Leishmania spp., D. repens, A. reconditum, and A. platys DNA were not detected. Mixed pathogens were determined in seven (10.8%) of the infected dogs, with predominant involvement of Hepatozoon spp. or H. canis. The pathogen prevalence did not vary by sex or age. Nucleotide blast analysis of Erzurum isolates showed 99.8–100% identities with the corresponding reference isolates. This study indicates presence of five CVB pathogens, including the first report of E. canis, in stray dogs in Erzurum, Turkey.
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Turkey showed a similar trend, with studies reporting canine heartworm prevalence of 1.5% in Erzurum, 0.6% in Elazig Province, and a general prevalence of 8.5% in different provinces; these studies confirm higher prevalence than those reported 10 years ago.
“Turkey showed a similar trend, studies with prevalence of 1.5% being reported in Erzurum, north-eastern Turkey [96], 0.6% in Elazig Province [97], and a general prevalence of 8.5% in different provinces of Turkey distributed throughout the country [98]. These studies confirm higher prevalence than those reported 10 years ago [2].”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [97]
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What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years?
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- Authors
- Guven, E., Avcioglu, H., Cengiz, S., & Hayirli, A.
- Affiliations
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
- Atatürk University (TR)
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Disorders, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
- ORCID
- Cengiz, Seyda
- Venue
- Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-08
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 610-617
- ISSN
- 1530-3667 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-7759
- OpenAlex
- W2636389155
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Bartonella species infections research
- Keywords
- canine vector-borne diseases, stray dogs, Babesia canis, Hepatozoon canis, Hepatozoon, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, Acanthocheilonema reconditum, Leishmania, babesiosis, hepatozoonosis, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, pathogen prevalence, co-infection, northeastern Turkey
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA, Bacterial, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Female, Helminthiasis, Animal, Insect Vectors, Male, Culicidae, Protozoan Infections, Animal, Turkey, Tick-Borne Diseases, DNA, Helminth
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