Guideline for veterinary practitioners on canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in Europe

Sainz, Ángel; Roura, Xavier; Miró, Guadalupe; Estrada-Peña, Agustín; Kohn, Barbara; Harrus, Shimon; Solano-Gallego, Laia

doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0649-0

Cited by 369Vector-borne infectious diseasesMicrobial infections and disease researchBrucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment

Guideline for veterinary practitioners on canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in Europe

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Sainz, Ángel, Roura, Xavier, Miró, Guadalupe, Estrada-Peña, Agustín, Kohn, Barbara, Harrus, Shimon, Solano-Gallego, Laia·2015·Parasites & Vectors

DOI 10.1186/s13071-015-0649-0PMC PMC4324656

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Abstract

Canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are important tick-borne diseases with a worldwide distribution. Information has been continuously collected on these infections in Europe, and publications have increased in recent years. Prevalence rates are high for Ehrlichia and Anaplasma spp. infections in dogs from different European countries. The goal of this article was to provide a practical guideline for veterinary practitioners on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in dogs from Europe. This guideline is intended to answer the most common questions on these diseases from a practical point of view.

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Seroprevalence studies in European dogs indicated that 3 to 57% of dogs carried A. phagocytophilum.
“Seroprevalence studies in European dogs indicated that 3 to 57% of dogs carried A. phagocytophilum [33], while in Latvia, A. phagocytophilum seroprevalence in dogs was significantly higher in the I. ricinus region than in the I. persulcatus region (12.5% vs 2%) [34].”
From Tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs, Latvia, 2011–2016 (2019) · cites this paper as [33]
Table 2 in the Review lists A. phagocytophilum results for European dogs ranging from 2.7% in France to 56.5% in Austria, which round to 3–57%. Those figures come from serological tests, however, so they indicate antibody positivity rather than establishing that the dogs carried the organism at the time of testing. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Presence of antibodies does not always indicate disease.
“the presence of antibodies does not always indicate disease, which, in some cases, may be confirmed by molecular techniques (3, 12).”
From Current Distribution of Selected Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs in Spain (2020) · cites this paper as [3]
Detection of antibodies in Leishmania, Ehrlichia and Anaplasma indicates exposure to disease-causing organisms.
“the detection of antibodies that occur in the case of Leishmania, Ehrlichia and Anaplasma indicates exposure to disease-causing organisms”
From Current Distribution of Selected Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs in Spain (2020) · cites this paper as [3]

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Authors: Sainz, Á., Roura, X., Miró, G., Estrada-Peña, A., Kohn, B., Harrus, S., & Solano-Gallego, L.
Affiliations: Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
Corresponding author: Sainz, Ángel
ORCID: Sainz, Ángel
Roura, Xavier
Miró, Guadalupe
Kohn, Barbara
Harrus, Shimon
Venue: Parasites & Vectors
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2015
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: 75
ISSN: 1756-3305 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0649-0
PMC: PMC4324656
OpenAlex: W2144268650
Cited by: 369
References: 199
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 4
FWCI: 16.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (unspecified)
Locations: Parasites & Vectors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Zaguan (University of Zaragoza Repository) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
Keywords: canine ehrlichiosis, canine anaplasmosis, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, tick-borne diseases, dogs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, prevalence, Europe
MeSH terms: Anaplasma, Anaplasmosis, Animals, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Ehrlichia, Europe, Ehrlichiosis, Practice Guidelines as Topic

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Guideline for veterinary practitioners on canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in Europe

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