Cited by 607Body Composition Measurement TechniquesRegulation of Appetite and ObesityClinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology

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Body composition as a determinant of energy expenditure: a synthetic review and a proposed general prediction equation

Cunningham, JJ·1991·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.963

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Abstract

Differences in body composition have often been examined in conjunction with measurements of energy expenditure in men and women. Numerous studies during the past decade examined the relationship between resting energy expenditure (REE) and the components of a two-compartment model of composition, namely the fat-free mass (FFM) and the fat mass (FM). A synthetic review of these studies confirms a primary correlation between REE and FFM in adults over a broad range of body weights. A generalized prediction equation is proposed as REE = 370 +/- 21.6 x FFM. This equation explains 65-90% of the variation in REE. Several studies suggest, further, that FFM predicts total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) equally well. An independent contribution by FM to the prediction of either REE or TDEE is not supported for the general population, perhaps reflecting the relative constancy of the absolute FM in nonobese individuals. In the subset of obese women, FM may be a significant predictor.

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Authors: Cunningham, J.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Cunningham, JJ
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1991-12
Volume: 54
Issue: 6
Pages: 963-969
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.6.963
OpenAlex: W1860153958
Semantic Scholar: a13f15b9ecdbb876ee3abf2f35af8d9b6f13d77b
Cited by: 607
References: 56
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 3.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
Keywords: body composition, resting energy expenditure, total energy expenditure, fat-free mass, fat mass, prediction equations, two-compartment model, obesity, women
MeSH terms: Adult, Body Composition, Energy Metabolism, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Male, Models, Biological, Regression Analysis

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Body composition as a determinant of energy expenditure: a synthetic review and a proposed general prediction equation

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