Effects of dietary fat and fiber on plasma and urine androgens and estrogens in men: a controlled feeding study
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We conducted a controlled feeding study to evaluate the effects of fat and fiber consumption on plasma and urine sex hormones in men. The study had a crossover design and included 43 healthy men aged 19-56 y. Men were initially randomly assigned to either a low-fat, high-fiber or high-fat, low-fiber diet for 10 wk and after a 2-wk washout period crossed over to the other diet. The energy content of diets was varied to maintain constant body weight but averaged approximately 13.3 MJ (3170 kcal)/d on both diets. The low-fat diet provided 18.8% of energy from fat with a ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat (P:S) of 1.3, whereas the high-fat diet provided 41.0% of energy from fat with a P:S of 0.6. Total dietary fiber consumption from the low- and high-fat diets averaged 4.6 and 2.0 g.MJ-1.d-1, respectively. Mean plasma concentrations of total and sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG)-bound testosterone were 13% and 15% higher, respectively, on the high-fat, low-fiber diet and the difference from the low-fat, high-fiber diet was significant for the SHBG-bound fraction (P = 0.04). Men's daily urinary excretion of testosterone also was 13% higher with the high-fat, low-fiber diet than with the low-fat, high-fiber diet (P = 0.01). Conversely, their urinary excretion of estradiol and estrone and their 2-hydroxy metabolites were 12-28% lower with the high-fat, low-fiber diet (P < or = 0.01). Results of this study suggest that diet may alter endogenous sex hormone metabolism in men.
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Higher-fat diets appear to maintain circulating testosterone concentrations better than low-fat diets.
“For example, higher-fat diets appear to maintain circulating testosterone concentrations better than low-fat diets [105–107].”
From ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [105]
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- Authors
- Dorgan, J., Judd, J., Longcope, C., Brown, C., Schatzkin, A., Clevidence, B., Campbell, W., Nair, P., Franz, C., Kahle, L., & Taylor, P.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dorgan, JF
- ORCID
- Kahle, L
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-12
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 850-855
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2155838515
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- dietary fat, dietary fiber, sex hormones, testosterone, estradiol, estrone, sex hormone-binding globulin, urinary excretion, men, low-fat diet, high-fat diet, polyunsaturated to saturated fat ratio
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Androgens, Body Weight, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dietary Fats, Dietary Fiber, Estradiol, Estrogens, Estrone, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone
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