Metabolic Effects of Breaking Prolonged Sitting With Standing or Light Walking in Older South Asians and White Europeans: A Randomized Acute Study

Yates, Thomas; Edwardson, Charlotte L; Celis-Morales, Carlos; Biddle, Stuart J H; Bodicoat, Danielle; Davies, Melanie J; Esliger, Dale; Henson, Joe; Kazi, Aadil; Khunti, Kamesh; Sattar, Naveed; Sinclair, Alan J; Rowlands, Alex; Velayudhan, Latha; Zaccardi, Francesco; Gill, Jason M R

doi:10.1093/gerona/gly252

Cited by 87Physical Activity and HealthDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsErgonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Metabolic Effects of Breaking Prolonged Sitting With Standing or Light Walking in Older South Asians and White Europeans: A Randomized Acute Study

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Yates, Thomas, Edwardson, Charlotte L, Celis-Morales, Carlos, Biddle, Stuart J H, Bodicoat, Danielle, Davies, Melanie J, Esliger, Dale, Henson, Joe +8 more·2020·The Journals of Gerontology: Series A

DOI 10.1093/gerona/gly252PMC PMC6909896

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Abstract

Background: Prolonged sitting is common in older adults and is associated with insulin resistance and poor cardiometabolic health. We investigate whether breaking prolonged sitting with regular short bouts of standing or light walking improves postprandial metabolism in older white European and South Asian adults and whether effects are modified by ethnic group. Methods: Thirty South Asian (15 women) and 30 white European (14 women) older adults (aged 65–79 years) undertook three experimental conditions in random order. (a) Prolonged sitting: continuous sitting during an observation period if 7.5 hours consuming two standardized mixed meals. (b) Standing breaks: sitting interrupted with 5 minutes of standing every 30 minutes (accumulating 60 minutes of standing over the observation period). (c) Walking breaks: sitting interrupted with 5 minutes of self-paced light walking every 30 minutes (accumulating 60 minutes of walking). Blood samples (glucose, insulin, triglycerides) and blood pressure were sampled regularly throughout each condition. Results: Compared with prolonged sitting, walking breaks lowered postprandial insulin by 16.3 mU/L, (95% CI: 19.7, 22.0) with greater reductions (p = .029) seen in South Asians (22.4 mU/L; 12.4, 32.4) than white Europeans (10.3 mU/L; 5.9, 14.7). Glucose (0.3 mmol/L; 0.1, 0.5) and blood pressure (4 mm Hg; 2, 6), but not triglycerides, were lower with walking breaks, with no ethnic differences. Standing breaks did not improve any outcome. Conclusions: Breaking prolonged sitting with short bouts of light walking, but not standing, resulted in clinically meaningful improvements in markers of metabolic health in older adults, with South Asians gaining a greater reduction in postprandial insulin. Trial Registration: NCT02453204

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Physical activity that breaks up sedentary behavior can have glycemic benefits.
“PA to break up sedentary behaviors can also have glycemic benefits.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [85]
Light walking for 5 minutes every 30 minutes improved postprandial glucose by 0.3 mmol/L and blood pressure by 4 mmHg.
“Similarly, light walking for 5 minutes every 30 minutes improved post-prandial glucose (0.3 mmol/L) and blood pressure (4 mmHg).”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [85]
Brief interruptions of sedentary behavior with physical activity improve postprandial sugars, insulin levels, cholesterol, and waist circumference.
“Multiple studies have looked at brief interruptions of sedentary behavior with PA, and identified improvements in postprandial sugars, insulin levels, cholesterol, and weight circumference.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [85]

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Additional file 2 of ABBaH teens: Activity Breaks for Brain Health in adolescents: study protocol for a randomized crossover trial
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Additional file 1 of Moderate-intensity stepping in older adults: insights from treadmill walking and daily living
Yates, T., Henson, J., McBride, P., Maylor, B., Herring, L. Y., Sargeant, J. A., Davies, M. J., Dempsey, P. C., Rowlands, A. V., & Edwardson, C. L. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26575877
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Additional file 2 of Does breaking up prolonged sitting improve cognitive functions in sedentary adults? A mapping review and hypothesis formulation on the potential physiological mechanisms
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Additional file 1 of Does breaking up prolonged sitting improve cognitive functions in sedentary adults? A mapping review and hypothesis formulation on the potential physiological mechanisms
Chandrasekaran, B., Pesola, A. J., Rao, C. R., & Arumugam, A. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14211825
Additional file 3 of ABBaH teens: Activity Breaks for Brain Health in adolescents: study protocol for a randomized crossover trial
Heiland, E. G., Kjellenberg, K., Tarassova, O., Fernström, M., Nyberg, G., Ekblom, M. M., Helgadóttir, B., & Ekblom, Ö. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.17982979
Additional file 1 of ABBaH teens: Activity Breaks for Brain Health in adolescents: study protocol for a randomized crossover trial
Heiland, E. G., Kjellenberg, K., Tarassova, O., Fernström, M., Nyberg, G., Ekblom, M. M., Helgadóttir, B., & Ekblom, Ö. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.17982970
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Interrupting sitting acutely attenuates cardiometabolic risk markers in South Asian adults living with overweight and obesity
Dey, K. C., Zakrzewski-Fruer, J. K., Smith, L. R., Jones, R. L., & Bailey, D. P. (2023) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-023-05345-7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Authors: Yates, T., Edwardson, C. L., Celis-Morales, C., Biddle, S. J. H., Bodicoat, D., Davies, M. J., Esliger, D., Henson, J., Kazi, A., Khunti, K., Sattar, N., Sinclair, A. J., Rowlands, A., Velayudhan, L., Zaccardi, F., & Gill, J. M. R.
Affiliations: University of Leicester (GB)
University of Glasgow (GB)
University of Southern Queensland (AU)
Loughborough University (GB)
Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Australia
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust (GB)
Aston University (GB)
Corresponding author: Yates, Thomas
ORCID: Yates, Thomas
Edwardson, Charlotte L
Celis-Morales, Carlos
Biddle, Stuart J H
Bodicoat, Danielle
Davies, Melanie J
Esliger, Dale
Kazi, Aadil
Sattar, Naveed
Sinclair, Alan J
Rowlands, Alex
Velayudhan, Latha
Zaccardi, Francesco
Gill, Jason M R
Venue: The Journals of Gerontology: Series A
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2018-11-07
Volume: 75
Issue: 1
Pages: 139-146
ISSN: 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
1758-535X
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly252
PMC: PMC6909896
OpenAlex: W2898709259
Cited by: 87
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 2
FWCI: 5.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Greater South Information System
Funders: UK Research Councils’ Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Initiative
Department of Health (MR/K025090/1)
National Institute for Health Research
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Keywords: prolonged sitting, sedentary behavior, postprandial insulin, postprandial blood glucose, older adults, South Asians, ethnic differences, cardiometabolic health, blood pressure, triglycerides
MeSH terms: Sitting Position, Aged, Australia, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Posture, Triglycerides, Incidence, Walking, Postprandial Period, White People, Asian People, Sedentary Behavior

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Metabolic Effects of Breaking Prolonged Sitting With Standing or Light Walking in Older South Asians and White Europeans: A Randomized Acute Study

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