Effects of the home environmental skill-building program on the caregiver-care recipient dyad: 6-month outcomes from the Philadelphia REACH Initiative

Gitlin, Laura N.; Winter, Laraine; Corcoran, Mary; Dennis, Marie P.; Schinfeld, Sandy; Hauck, Walter W.

doi:10.1093/geront/43.4.532

Cited by 271Nursing care and researchDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchGeriatric Care and Nursing Homes

Effects of the home environmental skill-building program on the caregiver-care recipient dyad: 6-month outcomes from the Philadelphia REACH Initiative

Gitlin, Laura N., Winter, Laraine, Corcoran, Mary, Dennis, Marie P., Schinfeld, Sandy, Hauck, Walter W.·2003·The Gerontologist

DOI 10.1093/geront/43.4.532

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Abstract

PURPOSE: We examine 6-month effects of the Environmental Skill-Building Program on caregiver well-being and care recipient functioning and whether effects vary by caregiver gender, race (White or non-White), and relationship (spouse or nonspouse). DESIGN AND METHODS: We enrolled 255 family caregivers of community-residing persons with Alzheimer's disease or related disorders, of whom 190 participated in a follow-up interview. Caregivers were randomized to a usual care control group or intervention group that received five home contacts and one telephone contact by occupational therapists, who provided education, problem-solving training, and adaptive equipment. Baseline and 6-month follow-up included self-report measures of caregiver objective and subjective burden, caregiver well-being, and care recipient problem behaviors and physical function. RESULTS: Compared with controls (n = 101), intervention caregivers (n = 89) reported less upset with memory-related behaviors, less need for assistance from others, and better affect. Intervention spouses reported less upset with disruptive behaviors; men reported spending less time in daily oversight; and women reported less need for help from others, better affect, and enhanced management ability, overall well-being, and mastery relative to control group counterparts. Statistically significant treatment differences were not found for hours helping with instrumental activities of daily living, upset with providing assistance with instrumental activities of daily living and activities of daily living, perceived change in somatic symptoms, White versus non-White caregivers, or care recipient outcomes. IMPLICATIONS: The Environmental Skill-Building Program reduces burden and enhances caregiver well-being in select domains and has added benefit for women and spouses.

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“A review including seven RCTs showed that OT interventions may maintain physical function and ADL in community-dwelling persons with dementia (105, 122).”
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Authors: Gitlin, L. N., Winter, L., Corcoran, M., Dennis, M. P., Schinfeld, S., & Hauck, W. W.
Affiliations: Thomas Jefferson University (US)
Corresponding author: Gitlin, Laura N.
ORCID: Gitlin, Laura N.
Corcoran, Mary
Venue: The Gerontologist
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2003-08
Volume: 43
Issue: 4
Pages: 532-546
ISSN: 0016-9013 (ISSN-L)
1758-5341
DOI: 10.1093/geront/43.4.532
OpenAlex: W2136216460
Cited by: 271
References: 47
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 29.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Gerontologist (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (U01AG013265)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Nursing care and research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
Keywords: family caregivers, Alzheimer's disease, caregiver burden, caregiver well-being, home modification, occupational therapy intervention, gender differences in caregiving, spousal caregivers, behavioral problems, instrumental activities of daily living
MeSH terms: Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Female, Health Education, Home Nursing, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Philadelphia, Caregivers

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Effects of the home environmental skill-building program on the caregiver-care recipient dyad: 6-month outcomes from the Philadelphia REACH Initiative

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