In women with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity, loss of intra-abdominal fat is associated with resumption of ovulation
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BACKGROUND: It is not clear why some anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity resume ovulation and others remain anovulatory after weight loss. The objective of this study was to compare the changes in body fat distribution and specifically intra-abdominal fat (IAF) and subcutaneous abdominal fat (SAF) between a group of anovulatory women with PCOS and obesity who resume ovulation (RO+) to those who remain anovulatory (RO-) during a lifestyle program. METHODS: In a prospective pilot cohort study, anovulatory women with PCOS underwent a 6 month lifestyle program in a tertiary fertility clinic. Body fat distribution was assessed by anthropometrics, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and single slice abdominal CT scan at intake, after 3 months and after 6 months. Baseline-corrected changes over time were analysed using generalized estimating equations longitudinal regression analysis. RESULTS: In 32 anovulatory women with PCOS (age, 28 ± 4 years; BMI, 37.5 ± 5.0 kg/m²), there were no significant baseline differences in anthropometrics and biochemical assessment between 14 RO+ participants and 18 RO- participants. RO+ women lost more weight (6.3 versus 3.0%) and abdominal fat on DEXA (15.0 versus 4.3%) compared with RO- women. Resumption of ovulation was associated with early and consistent loss of IAF (12.4 versus 5.0% at 3 months and 18.5 versus 8.6% at 6 months). Loss of SAF between the RO+ women and the RO- women was similar at 3 months (6.2 versus 6.1%) but did not change any further in RO- women (6.1%) as it did in RO+ women (11.4%) at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: In anovulatory women with PCOS and obesity undergoing a lifestyle program, RO+ women lose more body weight and abdominal fat on DEXA than RO- women. In addition, this study shows that early and consistent loss of IAF is associated with resumption of ovulation. Future studies should address the mechanisms behind these changes and should assess interventions aimed at loss of IAF to facilitate resumption of ovulation.
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Participants who resumed ovulation had decreased body weight and abdominal fat.
“Participants who resumed ovulation had decreased body weight [100,103] and abdominal fat [100]”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [100]
The external validity of the studies is limited due to the lack of diversity in participants, and many studies were limited to individuals classified as overweight or obese.
“The external validity of the studies is limited due to the lack of diversity in participants [100], and many of the studies were limited to individuals who were classified as overweight or obese”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [100]
Many lifestyle intervention studies lacked a comparison group, had a small sample size, suffered from high attrition rates, and did not report on the length of duration.
“Many studies lacked a comparison group [100,105,110,111,112], had a small sample size [105,109,110,112,113], suffered from high attrition rates [100,108,113], and did not report on the length of duration [105]”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [100]
Several weight loss interventions included in this review had high attrition rates, signaling that the interventions may not be sustainable in real-world scenarios.
“Several weight loss interventions included in this review had high attrition rates [63,64,65,89,92,93,100], signaling that the interventions may not be sustainable in real-world scenarios”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [100]
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- Authors
- Kuchenbecker, W. K. H., Groen, H., van Asselt, S. J., Bolster, J. H. T., Zwerver, J., Slart, R. H. J., vd Jagt, E. J., Muller Kobold, A. C., Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., Land, J. A., & Hoek, A.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Kuchenbecker, W. K. H.
- Venue
- Human Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-07-18
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2505-2512
- ISSN
- 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2350
- OpenAlex
- W2101301048
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 6.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity, anovulation, intra-abdominal fat, subcutaneous abdominal fat, body fat distribution, weight loss, lifestyle intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Life Style, Obesity, Ovulation, Pilot Projects, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Weight Loss, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Intra-Abdominal Fat
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