Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance and Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Hutchison, Samantha K.; Stepto, Nigel K.; Harrison, Cheryce L.; Moran, Lisa J.; Strauss, Boyd J.; Teede, Helena J.

doi:10.1210/jc.2010-0828

Cited by 192Ovarian function and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsPhysical Activity and Health

Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance and Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Hutchison, Samantha K., Stepto, Nigel K., Harrison, Cheryce L., Moran, Lisa J., Strauss, Boyd J., Teede, Helena J.·2011·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

DOI 10.1210/jc.2010-0828

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Abstract

CONTEXT: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an insulin-resistant (IR) state. Visceral fat (VF) is independently associated with IR. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to explore mechanisms underpinning IR by assessing the effect of exercise training on IR and body composition in overweight PCOS and non-PCOS women. DESIGN: This was a prospective exercise intervention study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted at an academic medical center. Participants included 20 overweight PCOS and 14 overweight non-PCOS women. INTERVENTION: The intervention included 12 wk of intensified aerobic exercise (3 h/wk). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IR on euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, body composition including abdominal visceral and sc fat distribution by computer tomography and lipids was measured. RESULTS: PCOS subjects were more IR (P = 0.02) and had more VF (P = 0.04 age adjusted) than non-PCOS women. In PCOS women, IR correlated with VF (r = -0.78, P < 0.01). With exercise training, both groups maintained weight but within PCOS, VF (-12.0 cm(2), P = 0.03) and within non-PCOS abdominal sc fat (-40.2 cm(2), P = 0.02) decreased. Despite exercise-induced improvement in IR within PCOS (+27.9 mg · m(-2) · min(-1), P = 0.03), no relationship with decreased VF (r = -0.08, P = 0.84) and no differential changes in IR and VF between groups were noted. Triglycerides decreased within PCOS (-0.27 mmol/liter, P = 0.02) and decreased differentially between groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Higher IR was related to increased VF in PCOS, suggesting an etiological role for VF in intrinsic IR in PCOS; however, changes with exercise intervention did not support a causal relationship. Triglycerides were modulated more by exercise training in PCOS than non-PCOS women. Within-group exercise-induced reductions in cardiometabolic risk factors including IR, triglycerides, and VF in PCOS were observed without significant weight loss and if confirmed in future controlled trials, suggest weight loss should not be the sole focus of exercise programs.

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Lifestyle management may improve PCOS independent of weight loss.
“Lifestyle management may also improve PCOS independent of weight loss”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [160]
Exercise intervention improves metabolic risk factors associated with PCOS, including hypertension, IR and elevated blood glucose levels, even when no weight loss occurs.
“with exercise intervention improving metabolic risk factors associated with PCOS, including hypertension, IR and elevated blood glucose levels, even when no weight loss occurs. 160-162”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [160]

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Authors: Hutchison, S. K., Stepto, N. K., Harrison, C. L., Moran, L. J., Strauss, B. J., & Teede, H. J.
Affiliations: Jean Hailes (AU)
Monash University (AU)
ORCID: Stepto, Nigel K.
Harrison, Cheryce L.
Moran, Lisa J.
Strauss, Boyd J.
Teede, Helena J.
Venue: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2011-01
Volume: 96
Issue: 1
Pages: E48-E56
ISSN: 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
1945-7197
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0828
OpenAlex: W2098058136
Cited by: 192
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 9.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) (submittedVersion)
Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, aerobic exercise training, visceral fat, body composition, subcutaneous abdominal fat, triglycerides, overweight women, obesity, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, cardiometabolic risk factors, weight maintenance, exercise-induced weight loss, dyslipidemia
MeSH terms: Adult, Analysis of Variance, Body Composition, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Prospective Studies, Radioimmunoassay, Risk Factors, Glucose Clamp Technique, Exercise, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Linear Models, Treatment Outcome, Patient Selection, Overweight

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Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance and Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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