Changes in millennial adolescent mental health and health-related behaviours over 10 years: a population cohort comparison study
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is evidence that mental health problems are increasing and substance use behaviours are decreasing. This paper aimed to investigate recent trends in mental ill health and health-related behaviours in two cohorts of UK adolescents in 2005 and 2015. METHODS: Prevalences in mental health (depressive symptoms, self-harm, anti-social behaviours, parent-reported difficulties) and health-related behaviours (substance use, weight, weight perception, sleep, sexual intercourse) were examined at age 14 in two UK birth cohorts; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, N = 5627, born 1991-92) and Millennium Cohort Study (MCS, N = 11 318, born 2000-02). Prevalences and trend estimates are presented unadjusted and using propensity score matching and entropy balancing to account for differences between samples. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms (9% to 14.8%) and self-harm (11.8% to 14.4%) were higher in 2015 compared with 2005. Parent-reported emotional difficulties, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer problems were higher in 2015 compared with 2005 (5.7-8.9% to 9.7-17.7%). Conversely, substance use (tried smoking, 9.2% to 2.9%; tried alcohol, 52.1% to 43.5%, cannabis, 4.6% to 3.9%), sexual activity (2% to 0.9%) and anti-social behaviours (6.2-40.1% to 1.6-27.7%) were less common or no different. Adolescents in 2015 were spending less time sleeping (<8 h 5.7% to 11.5%), had higher body mass index (BMI) (obese, 3.8% to 7.3%) and a greater proportion perceived themselves as overweight (26.5% to 32.9%). The findings should be interpreted bearing in mind limitations in ability to adequately harmonize certain variables and account for differences in attrition rates and generalizability of the two cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Given health-related behaviours are often cited as risk factors for poor mental health, our findings suggest relationships between these factors might be more complex and dynamic in nature than currently understood. Substantial increases in mental health difficulties, BMI and poor sleep-related behaviours highlight an increasing public health challenge.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Effectively addressing multiple lifestyle factors in young people presents a promising approach towards tackling the rates of mental illness across the population.
“effectively addressing multiple lifestyle factors in young people presents a promising approach towards tackling the rates of mental illness across the population 6,7,83,84 .”
From A meta-review of "lifestyle psychiatry": the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
The Discussion (page not supplied) says that understanding links between adolescents’ health-related behaviours and mental health could identify targets for interventions to prevent rising mental health problems. It does not establish that addressing multiple lifestyle factors is effective or would reduce mental illness rates across the population; it cautions that these links may be complex and change over time. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMetabolic diseases and obesity have been linked to the recent rise of mental illness in young people.
“have been linked to the recent rise of mental illness in young people 7 .”
From A meta-review of "lifestyle psychiatry": the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
The Discussion (page not provided) says increasing weight and perceived overweight status might help explain rising mental health difficulties in adolescents. It does not address metabolic diseases as a factor in that rise. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391 · see citing works
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note
Goodman, R. (1997) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x · Cited by 14,908 · see citing works
Hainmueller, J. (2012) · Political Analysis · doi:10.1093/pan/mpr025 · Cited by 6,026 · see citing works
Propensity Score-Matching Methods for Nonexperimental Causal Studies
Dehejia, R., & Wahba, S. (2002) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1162/003465302317331982 · Cited by 4,777 · see citing works
Our future: a Lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing
Patton, G. C., Sawyer, S. M., Santelli, J. S., Ross, D. A., Afifi, R., Allen, N. B., Arora, M., Azzopardi, P., Baldwin, W., Bonell, C., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)00579-1 · Cited by 3,785 · see citing works
Boyd, A., Golding, J., Macleod, J., Lawlor, D. A., Fraser, A., Henderson, J., Molloy, L., Ness, A., Ring, S., & Davey Smith, G. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys064 · Cited by 2,996 · see citing works
Cohort Profile: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort
Fraser, A., Macdonald-Wallis, C., Tilling, K., Boyd, A., Golding, J., Davey Smith, G., Henderson, J., Macleod, J., Molloy, L., Ness, A., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys066 · Cited by 2,494 · see citing works
Leuven, E., & Sianesi, B. (2003) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 2,215 · see citing works
(1995) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · Cited by 1,847 · see citing works
Paruthi, S., Brooks, L. J., D’Ambrosio, C., Hall, W. A., Kotagal, S., Lloyd, R. M., Malow, B. A., Maski, K., Nichols, C., Quan, S. F., et al. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.5866 · Cited by 1,562 · see citing works
National trends in the prevalence and treatment of depression in adolescents and young adults.
Mojtabai, R., Olfson, M., & Han, B. (2016) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1878 · Cited by 1,424 · see citing works
Avenevoli, S. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.160 · Cited by 1,149 · see citing works
Ebalance: A Stata Package for Entropy Balancing
Hainmueller, J., & Xu, Y. (2011) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v054.i07 · Cited by 1,126 · see citing works
Are child and adolescent mental health problems increasing in the 21st century? A systematic review
Bor, W., Dean, A. J., Najman, J., & Hayatbakhsh, R. (2014) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867414533834 · Cited by 853 · see citing works
Exploring the association between cannabis use and depression.
Degenhardt, L., Hall, W., & Lynskey, M. (2003) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00437.x · Cited by 587 · see citing works
Twenge, J. M., Gentile, B., DeWall, C. N., Ma, D., Lacefield, K., & Schurtz, D. R. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.10.005 · Cited by 559 · see citing works
Cohort Profile: UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS)
Connelly, R., & Platt, L. (2014) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyu001 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
The long shadow cast by childhood physical and mental problems on adult life
Goodman, A., Joyce, R., & Smith, J. P. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1016970108 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Smoking, drinking and drug use among young people in England in 2002
Boreham, R., McManus, S., Blenkinsop, S., & Wales (2003) · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Outcomes of conduct problems in adolescence: 40 year follow-up of national cohort
Colman, I., Murray, J., Abbott, R. A., Maughan, B., Kuh, D. J., Croudace, T. J., & Jones, P. B. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.a2981 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Collishaw, S., Maughan, B., Natarajan, L., & Pickles, A. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02252.x · Cited by 267 · see citing works
The decline in adult activities among U.S. adolescents, 1976–2016
Twenge, J. M., & Park, H. (2019) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12930 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Prospective reciprocal relations between physical activity and depression in female adolescents.
Jerstad, S. J., Boutelle, K. N., Ness, K. K., & Stice, E. M. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018793 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Winsler, A., Deutsch, A., Vorona, R. D., Payne, P. A., & Szklo-Coxe, M. (2015) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0170-3 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Fink, E., Patalay, P., Sharpe, H., Holley, S., Deighton, J., & Wolpert, M. (2015) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.01.023 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationHagquist, C. (2009) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.07.003 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Can we explain increases in young people’s psychological distress over time?
Sweeting, H. N., West, P., Young, R., & Der, G. (2010) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.08.012 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Sharpe, H., Patalay, P., Choo, T.-H. J., Wall, M. M., Mason, S. M., Goldschmidt, A. B., & Neumark‐Sztainer, D. (2017) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579417001663 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationFarrell, M., Howes, S., Bebbington, P., Brugha, T., Jenkins, R., Lewis, G., Marsden, J., Taylor, C., & Meltzer, H. (2003) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/0954026021000045949 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
BMI Development and Early Adolescent Psychosocial Well-Being: UK Millennium Cohort Study
Kelly, Y. J., Patalay, P., Montgomery, S., & Sacker, A. (2016) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-0967 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychological distress in mid-life: evidence from the 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts
Ploubidis, G. B., Sullivan, A., Brown, M., & Goodman, A. T. (2016) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716002464 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Report: Smoking, Drinking and Drug Use Among Young People in England in 2014
Fuller, E. A. (2015) · Children and Young People Now · doi:10.12968/cypn.2015.18.28 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 33 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Firth, J., Solmi, M., Wootton, R. E., Vancampfort, D., Schuch, F. B., Hoare, E., Gilbody, S., Torous, J., Teasdale, S. B., Jackson, S. E., et al. (2020) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20773 · Cited by 1,148 · see citing works
Sohn, S. Y., Rees, P., Wildridge, B., Kalk, N. J., & Carter, B. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2350-x · Cited by 838 · see citing works
Worldwide increases in adolescent loneliness
Twenge, J. M., Haidt, J., Blake, A. B., McAllister, C., Lemon, H., & Le Roy, A. (2021) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.006 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Not all screen time is created equal: associations with mental health vary by activity and gender
Twenge, J. M., & Farley, E. (2021) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-020-01906-9 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Mechanisms linking social media use to adolescent mental health vulnerability
Orben, A., Meier, A., Dalgleish, T., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2024) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-024-00307-y · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Sander, J., Moessner, M., & Bauer, S. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18052779 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Twenge, J. M., Haidt, J., Lozano, J., & Cummins, K. M. (2022) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103512 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Wilson, S., & Dumornay, N. M. (2022) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.12.003 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Lubans, D. R., Smith, J. J., Eather, N., Leahy, A. A., Morgan, P. J., Lonsdale, C., Plotnikoff, R. C., Nilsson, M., Kennedy, S. G., Holliday, E. G., et al. (2020) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-103277 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Steinhoff, A., Ribeaud, D., Kupferschmid, S., Raible-Destan, N., Quednow, B. B., Hepp, U., Eisner, M., & Shanahan, L. (2021) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01573-w · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Ferrari, M., Allan, S., Arnold, C., Eleftheriadis, D., Álvarez‐Jiménez, M., Gumley, A. I., & Gleeson, J. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/39686 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Blundell, E., Stavola, B. L. D., Kellock, M. D., Kelly, Y. J., Lewis, G., McMunn, A., Nicholls, D., Patalay, P., & Solmi, F. (2023) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00365-6 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationPatalay, P., & Hardman, C. A. (2019) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0169 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationJingili, N., Oyelere, S. S., Nyström, M. B. T., & Anyshchenko, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2023.1239435 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“This is particularly evident in certain patient groups, e.g., children and adolescents, where gami fi cation has been one way of engaging adolescents (47).”
BackgroundThe great decline in adolescent risk behaviours: Unitary trend, separate trends, or cascade?
Ball, J., Grucza, R. A., Livingston, M., ter Bogt, T., Currie, C., & de Looze, M. E. (2022) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115616 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Connolly, S. E., Constable, H. L., & Mullally, S. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1237052 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Solmi, F., Sharpe, H., Gage, S. H., Maddock, J., Lewis, G., & Patalay, P. (2020) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.4746 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationHett, D., Rogers, J. C., Humpston, C. S., & Marwaha, S. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.058 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Generational differences in mental health trends in the twenty-first century
Botha, F., Morris, R. W., Butterworth, P., & Glozier, N. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2303781120 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Armitage, J. M., Kwong, A. S. F., Tseliou, F., Sellers, R., Blakey, R., Anthony, R., Rice, F., Thapar, A., & Collishaw, S. (2023) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00175-x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Bernard, R., Hofslundsengen, H., & Frazier Norbury, C. (2022) · Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00236 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Kostyrka‐Allchorne, K., Stoilova, M., Bourgaize, J., Rahali, M., Livingstone, S., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/camh.12619 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health: a natural experiment
Mansfield, R., Santos, J., Deighton, J., Hayes, D., Velikonja, T., Boehnke, J. R., & Patalay, P. (2022) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.211114 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationPetersen, K. J., Humphrey, N., & Qualter, P. (2021) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-021-01550-9 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Knowles, G., Gayer-Anderson, C. E., Turner, A. M., Dorn, L., Lam, J., Davis, S., Blakey, R., Lowis, K., Young Persons Advisory Group, Pinfold, V., et al. (2022) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13586 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Trends in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Prevalence, Outcomes, and Inequalities
Collishaw, S., & Sellers, R. (2020) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2348-4_9 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Measuring Mental Wellness of Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Instruments
Orth, Z., Moosajee, F., & van Wyk, B. E. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.835601 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Pitman, A., Marston, L., Lewis, G., Semlyen, J. K., McManus, S., & King, M. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291721000052 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Ning, K., Gondek, D., Patalay, P., & Ploubidis, G. B. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228667 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Potential for Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions in the Treatment and Prevention of Depression
Owens, M., & Bunce, H. L. I. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.740210 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Melby, P. S., Elsborg, P., Bentsen, P., & Nielsen, G. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1054482 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Sleep Predicts Collegiate Academic Performance
Prichard, J. R. (2020) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.10.003 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Thompson, E. J., Richards, M., Ploubidis, G. B., Fonagy, P., & Patalay, P. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291721002506 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationHolmes, J., Fairbrother, H., Livingston, M., Meier, P. S., Oldham, M., Pennay, A. E., & Whitaker, V. (2022) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103606 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Gardner, L. A., Debenham, J., Newton, N. C., Chapman, C., Wylie, F., Osman, B., Teesson, M., & Champion, K. E. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060309 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Burgess, A., Yeomans, H., & Fenton, L. (2022) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12964 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Iob, E., Pingault, J., Munafo, M. R., Stubbs, B., Gilthorpe, M. S., Maihofer, A. X., & Danese, A. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02133-9 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
He, N., & Xiang, Y. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105024 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Patalay, P., & Fitzsimons, E. (2021) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2020.258 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, C., He, L. N., Li, Y., Yang, A., Zhang, K., & Luo, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1197947 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Ploubidis, G. B., Batty, G. D., Patalay, P., Bann, D., & Goodman, A. (2021) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.2893 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationArmitage, J. M., Collishaw, S., & Sellers, R. (2024) · Discover Social Science and Health · doi:10.1007/s44155-024-00076-2 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Gage, S. H., & Patalay, P. (2021) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.03.002 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationSchool-Related Stressors and the Intensity of Perceived Stress Experienced by Adolescents in Poland
Kaczmarek, M., & Trambacz-Oleszak, S. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182211791 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Ivey-Stephenson (2020) · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000424 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Bernard, R., Hofslundsengen, H. C., & Norbury, C. (2022) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Early-onset cancers: Biological bases and clinical implications
Mauri, G., Patelli, G., Bianchi, A. S., Abrignani, S., Bodega, B., Marsoni, S., Costanzo, V., Bachi, A., Siena, S., & Bardelli, A. (2024) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101737 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Lifetime prevalence and treatment of mental disorders in Saudi youth and adolescents
Altwaijri, Y. A., Kazdin, A. E., Al‐Subaie, A., Alhabeeb, A. A., Hyder, S., Bilal, L., Naseem, M. T., & Devol, E. B. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-33005-5 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Troy, D., Anderson, J. K., Jessiman, P., Albers, P., Williams, J. G., Sheard, S., Geijer-Simpson, E., Spencer, L., Kaner, E., Limmer, M., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12894-7 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Recommendations for a Better Understanding of Sex and Gender in the Neuroscience of Mental Health
Wierenga, L. M., Ruigrok, A. N. V., Aksnes, E. R., Barth, C., Beck, D., Burke, S., Crestol, A., van Drunen, L., Ferrara, M., Galea, L. A. M., et al. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.100283 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Seah, M. L. C., & Koh, K. T. (2020) · European Physical Education Review · doi:10.1177/1356336x20930741 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Khanolkar, A. R., Chaturvedi, N., Kuan, V., Davis, D. H. J., Hughes, A. D., Richards, M., Bann, D., & Patalay, P. (2021) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003775 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationSchool characteristics and children's mental health: A linked survey-administrative data study
Patalay, P., O'Neill, E., Deighton, J., & Fink, E. (2020) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106292 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationMacLennan, J. M., Rodrigues, C. M. C., Bratcher, H. B., Lekshmi, A., Finn, A. H. R., Oliver, J., Wootton, M., Ray, S., Cameron, C., Smith, A. J., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30842-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Mental Health Literacy and Positive Mental Health in Adolescents: A Correlational Study
Nobre, J. R., Calha, A., Luís, H., Oliveira, A. P., Monteiro, F., Ferré‐Grau, C., & Sequeira, C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19138165 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
McAllister, C., Hisler, G. C., Blake, A. B., Twenge, J. M., Farley, E., & Hamilton, J. L. (2021) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-021-00832-x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Hayes, D., Deniz, E., Nisbet, K., Thompson, A., March, A., Mason, C., Santos, J., Mansfield, R., Ashworth, E., Moltrect, B., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/frcha.2025.1526840 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationMcElroy, E., Tibber, M. S., Fearon, P. R. M., Patalay, P., & Ploubidis, G. B. (2022) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13730 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationKnowles, G., Gayer-Anderson, C. E., Beards, S., Blakey, R., Davis, S., Lowis, K., Stanyon, D., Ofori, A., Turner, A. M., Pinfold, V., et al. (2021) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2020-214315 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Mesas, A. E., Gonzáléz, A. D., de Andrade, S. M., Martínez‐Vizcaíno, V., López‐Gil, J. F., & Jiménez‐López, E. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14245207 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Fleming, T. M., Ball, J., Bavin, L. M., Rodriguez, C. R., Peiris-John, R. J., Crengle, S. M., Sutcliffe, K., Lewycka, S. O., Archer, D. J., & Clark, T. C. (2022) · Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · doi:10.1080/03036758.2022.2072349 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Geulayov, G., Mansfield, K. L., Jindra, C., Hawton, K. E., & Fazel, M. S. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03651-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Hayes, D., Moore, A., Stapley, E., Humphrey, N., Mansfield, R., Santos, J., Ashworth, E., Patalay, P., Bonin, E., Evans-Lacko, S. E., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029044 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationFarooq, B., Clements, C., Hawton, K. E., Geulayov, G., Casey, D., Waters, K., Ness, J., Patel, A., Kelly, S., Townsend, E., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(21)00239-x · Cited by 33 · see citing works
O’Reilly, A., Tibbs, M., Booth, A., Doyle, E., McKeague, B., & Moore, J. (2020) · Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/ipm.2020.106 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Terhaag, S., Fitzsimons, E., Daraganova, G., & Patalay, P. (2021) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13410 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationHoare, E., Werneck, A. O., Stubbs, B., Firth, J., Collins, S., Corder, K., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11381 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
de Soet, R., Vermeiren, R. R. J. M., Bansema, C. H., van Ewijk, H., Nijland, L., & Nooteboom, L. A. (2023) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-023-02182-z · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Khanolkar, A. R., & Patalay, P. (2021) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100106 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationLekkas, D., Price, G. D., & Jacobson, N. (2021) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.107029 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Associations between physical activity and mental health and behaviour in early adolescence
Booth, J. N., Ness, A., Joinson, C. J., Tomporowski, P. D., Boyle, J. M. E., Leary, S. D., & Reilly, J. J. (2022) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100497 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Lemery‐Chalfant, K., Oro, V., Rea‐Sandin, G., Miadich, S. A., Lecarie, E. K., Clifford, S., Doane, L. D., & Davis, M. C. (2019) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1017/thg.2019.113 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The search for identity: working therapeutically with adolescents in crisis
Acheson, R., & Papadima, M. (2023) · Journal of Child Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/0075417x.2022.2160478 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Chadha, D., Kogelbauer, A., Campbell, J., Hellgardt, K., Maraj, M., Shah, U. V., Brechtelsbauer, C., & Hale, C. P. (2020) · European Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1080/03043797.2020.1835828 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Conditions for mental health in education: Towards relational practice
Billington, T., Gibson, S., Fogg, P., Lahmar, J., & Cameron, H. (2021) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1002/berj.3755 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Smout, S., Gardner, L. A., Newton, N. C., & Champion, K. E. (2023) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.anzjph.2022.100010 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Improving children and young people’s mental health services
Grimm, F., Alcock, B., Butler, J. E., Crespo, R. F., Davies, A. R., Peytrignet, S., Piroddi, R., Thorlby, R., & Tallack, C. (2022) · doi:10.37829/hf-2022-ndl1 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Gardner, L. A., Stockings, E., Champion, K. E., Mather, M., & Newton, N. C. (2023) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.16376 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Moltrecht, B., Patalay, P., Deighton, J., & Edbrooke-Childs, J. H. (2021) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/21837 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationClarkin, J., Heywood, C., & Robinson, L. J. (2024) · Mental Health & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200361 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Blume, M., Rattay, P., Hoffmann, S., Spallek, J., Sander, L., Herr, R. M., Richter, M., Moor, I., Dragano, N., Pischke, C. R., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18157739 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Harris, N., Warbrick, I., Atkins, D. R., Vandal, A. C., Plank, L. D., & Lubans, D. R. (2021) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2020-0255 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Lee, K. H., Yoo, J. H., Lee, J., Kim, S. H., Han, J. Y., Hong, S.-B., Shin, J., Cho, S.-C., Kim, J.-W., & Brent, D. A. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69769-3 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Moro, G. L., Soneson, E., Jones, P. B., & Galante, J. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17249445 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Werneck, A. O., Hoare, E., Stubbs, B., van Sluijs, E. M. F., & Corder, K. L. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.004 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Lloyd, C. E. M., Reid, G., & Kotera, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.744432 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Liu, X., Tian, R., Liu, H., Bai, X., & Lei, Y. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13091330 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Parental income gradients in adult health: a national cohort study
Evensen, M., Klitkou, S. T., Tollånes, M. C., Øverland, S. N., Lyngstad, T. H., Vollset, S. E., & Kinge, J. M. (2021) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-021-02022-4 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Qin, L., Chen, S., Luo, B.-A., & Chen, Y.-W. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10102076 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Bølling, M., Mygind, L., Elsborg, P., Melby, P. S., Barfod, K. S., Brønd, J. C., Klinker, C. D., Nielsen, G., & Bentsen, P. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-16618-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Elevating the Role of the Outdoor Environment for Adolescent Wellbeing in Everyday Life
Wales, M., Mårtensson, F., Hoff, E. V., & Jansson, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.774592 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Parker, K. E., Hallingberg, B., Eriksson, C. C.-G., Ng, K., Hamřík, Z., Kopčáková, J., Movsesyan, E., Melkumova, M., Abdrakhmanova, S., & Baďura, P. (2022) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.02.017 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Corder, K. L., Werneck, A. O., Jong, S. T., Hoare, E., Brown, H. E., Foubister, C., Wilkinson, P. O., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17020390 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Corder, K. L., Brown, H. E., Croxson, C. H. D., Jong, S. T., Sharp, S. J., Vignoles, A. F., Wilkinson, P. O., Wilson, E., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2021) · Public Health Research · doi:10.3310/phr09060 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Winstone, L., Jamal, S., & Mars, B. (2024) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.04.004 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Generational Shifts in Adolescent Mental Health: A Longitudinal Time-Lag Study
Borg, M. E., Heffer, T., & Willoughby, T. (2024) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-024-02095-3 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Parlikar, N., Kvaløy, K., Strand, L. B., Espnes, G. A., & Moksnes, U. K. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-05404-5 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Srinivasan, K., Mahendran, N., Vincent, P. M. D. R., Chang, C., & Syed-Abdul, S. (2020) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics9040647 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Effectiveness of Cannabis Flower for Immediate Relief from Symptoms of Depression.
Li, X., Diviant, J. P., Stith, S. S., Brockelman, F., Keeling, K., Hall, B., & Vigil, J. M. (2020) · PubMed Central · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Olisaeloka, L., Udokanma, E. E., & Ashraf, A. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-024-00642-w · Cited by 16 · see citing works
- Authors
- Patalay, P., & Gage, S. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Patalay, Praveetha
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-02-27
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1650-1664
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- OpenAlex
- W2951404944
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 39.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- UK Medical Research Council
- Wellcome (102215/2/13/2)
- University of Bristol
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Adolescent Health and Behaviors
- Keywords
- adolescent mental health, depressive symptoms, self-harm, substance use, adolescent sexual activity, sleep duration, body mass index, weight perception, conduct problems, peer problems, antisocial behavior, health behavior, cohort comparison, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, Millennium Cohort Study, temporal trends, adolescent obesity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Depression, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Risk Factors, Smoking, Cohort Studies, Health Behavior, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Substance-Related Disorders, Overweight
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
