The decline in adult activities among U.S. adolescents, 1976–2016
Abstract
The social and historical contexts may influence the speed of development. In seven large, nationally representative surveys of U.S. adolescents 1976-2016 (N = 8.44 million, ages 13-19), fewer adolescents in recent years engaged in adult activities such as having sex, dating, drinking alcohol, working for pay, going out without their parents, and driving, suggesting a slow life strategy. Adult activities were less common when median income, life expectancy, college enrollment, and age at first birth were higher and family size and pathogen prevalence were lower, consistent with life history theory. The trends are unlikely to be due to homework and extracurricular time, which stayed steady or declined, and may or may not be linked to increased Internet use.
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Evidence suggests delayed onset of sexual activity, delayed and reduced use of alcohol and illicit drugs except in marginalised groups, and a trend to slower maturation, including if and when economic independence is attained.
“Evidence suggests delayed onset of sexual activity, delayed and reduced use of alcohol and illicit drugs except in marginalised groups, and a trend to slower maturation, including if and when economic independence is attained.”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on youth mental health (2024) · cites this paper as [15]
Being a young person navigating the transition to mature adulthood today is very different than it was even 20 years ago.
“Although commonalities are preserved across generations, being a young person navigating the transition to mature adulthood today is very different than it was even 20 years ago.”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on youth mental health (2024) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Twenge, J. M., & Park, H.
- Affiliations
- San Diego State University (US)
- Bryn Mawr College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Twenge, Jean M
- ORCID
- Twenge, Jean M
- Venue
- Child Development
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-03-01
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 638-654
- ISSN
- 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8624
- OpenAlex
- W2755352318
- Cited by
- 240
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 18
- FWCI
- 37.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Child Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Youth Development and Social Support
- Keywords
- adolescent development, adult activity, life history theory, sexual behavior, dating, alcohol consumption, wage labor, driving, age at first birth, family size, pathogen prevalence, life expectancy, college enrollment, extracurricular activities, internet use, American adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Young Adult
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