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Cited by 394Food composition and propertiesNutritional Studies and DietDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Glycaemic index as a determinant of serum HDL-cholesterol concentration

Frost, G, Leeds, AA, Doré, CJ, Madeiros, S, Brading, S, Dornhorst, A·1999·The Lancet
DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(98)07164-5
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Abstract

Background Diet influences the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD). Insulin sensitivity and concentrations of HDL cholesterol, two metabolic predictors of CHD, are also influenced by diet. Dietary carbohydrates with a high glycaemic index cause a high postprandial glucose and insulin response, and are associated with decreased insulin sensitivity and an increased risk of CHD. This study examined whether the glycaemic index of dietary carbohydrates is a determinant of serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Method Dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical data from the 1986-87 Survey of British Adults (n=2200) were reanalysed by a multiple regression model, which examined the relation between serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and calculated LDL-cholesterol concentrations and various dietary characteristics, including the type of carbohydrate, the glycaemic index, and fat intake. Findings Among the 1420 participants with complete data, there was a significant negative relation between serum HDL-cholesterol concentration and the glycaemic index of the diet for both men (regression coefficient -0.00724 [95% CI -0.0101 to -0.00434], p=0.02) and women (-0.01326 [-0.0162 to -0.0102], p Interpretation In a cross-sectional study of middle-aged adults, the glycaemic index of the diet was the only dietary variable significantly related to serum HDL-cholesterol concentration. Thus, the glycaemic index of the diet is a stronger predictor than dietary fat intake of serum HDL-ch…

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  • Hyperinsulinaemia has been implicated as a risk factor for arteriosclerosis, CVD, diabetes, cancer, and juvenile myopia.

    “In addition, hyperinsulinaemia has also been implicated as a risk factor for the development of arteriosclerosis (Leeds, 2002), CVD (Frost et al. 1999;Leeds, 2002), diabetes (Willett et al. 2002), cancer (McKeown-Eyssen, 1994;Giovannucci, 1995) and juvenile myopia (Cordain et al. 2002).”

    From Glycaemic index methodology (2005) · cites this paper as Frost et al. 1999

  • Diets with high GI or high GL are associated with increased risk of insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, and development of CVD and type 2 diabetes.

    “A growing body of research resulting from dietary trials and large epidemiological studies indicates that diets with a high GI or high GL are associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, and the development of CVD and type 2 diabetic subjects (Slabber et al. 1994;Salmeron et al. 1997a,b;Frost et al. 1999).”

    From Glycaemic index methodology (2005) · cites this paper as Frost et al. 1999

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Authors
Frost, G., Leeds, A., Doré, C., Madeiros, S., Brading, S., & Dornhorst, A.
Affiliations
  • Hammersmith Hospital (GB)
  • King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author
Frost, G
ORCID
Frost, G
Venue
The Lancet
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1999-03
Volume
353
Issue
9158
Pages
1045-1048
ISSN
  • 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
  • 0140-6736
DOI
10.1016/s0140-6736(98)07164-5
OpenAlex
W2045195906
Cited by
394
References
4
Citations by year
2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 17
FWCI
18.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • The Lancet (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
glycemic index, HDL cholesterol, dietary carbohydrates, serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin sensitivity, coronary artery disease, dietary fat intake, postprandial blood glucose, middle-aged adults
MeSH terms
Adult, Anthropometry, Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet Surveys, Dietary Carbohydrates, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Male, Sex Factors, Linear Models

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