Effects of dietary enrichment with conventional foods on energy and protein intake in older adults: a systematic review
Abstract
Context Decreased food intake is a common problem among older adults; it is a known cause of weight loss and may lead to malnutrition. Objective The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effects of dietary enrichment with conventional foods on energy and protein intake in older adults. Data sources Studies were identified through systematic searches of the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, via PubMed; CINAHL, via EBSCO; Web of Science; Scopus; and Google Scholar. Study selection Studies in older adults were included without restrictions for sample size, length of follow-up, comparators, or date or status of publication. Eligible studies were dietary-enrichment interventions with conventional foods and powdered modules that aimed to increase the energy and protein density of meals without significantly increasing the final volume of the meals. Data extraction Outcomes assessed included changes in energy intake, protein intake, nutritional status, body weight, functional status, and episodes of infection. Data synthesis Nine studies were included. The results suggest that dietary enrichment can improve energy intake in older adults. While dietary enrichment seems to increase protein intake, there is not enough evidence of sufficient quality to confirm this observation or to determine whether dietary enrichment improves other outcomes assessed in this population. Conclusions Additional large clinical trials with long-term interventions are needed to est…
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In a systematic literature review of nine studies, energy intake increased in seven out of nine studies using energy enrichment and protein intake increased in three out of five studies using protein enrichment.
“Energy intake increased in seven out of nine studies using energy enrichment and protein intake increased in three out of five J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f studies using protein enrichment.”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [102]
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- Authors
- Trabal, J., & Farran-Codina, A.
- Affiliations
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (ES)
- ORCID
- Trabal, Joan
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2015-07-14
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 624-633
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- 1753-4887
- OpenAlex
- W2180638418
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Keywords
- dietary enrichment, older adults, energy intake, protein intake, malnutrition, weight loss, nutritional status, body weight, functional status
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Body Weight, Energy Intake, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Feeding Behavior, Food, Fortified, Humans, Nutritional Status, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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