Effects of oral supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics in overweight and obese adults: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized trials
Abstract
CONTEXT: Recent evidence suggests that modulation of the gut microbiota may contribute to body weight control. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of oral supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference in overweight and obese adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). DATA SOURCES: Five electronic databases-PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library/CENTRAL, LILACS, and Web of Science-were searched from inception to August 2017. No language restrictions were applied. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized and quasi-randomized parallel trials that assessed the effects of oral supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics vs any other intervention but bariatric surgery or fecal transplantation in overweight or obese adults were selected. DATA EXTRACTION: Three teams of 2 authors independently assessed risk of bias and extracted data from the included trials. Data were pooled using inverse-variance random-effects meta-analyses. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system. RESULTS: Nineteen randomized trials (28 publications, 1412 participants) were included. There were no differences in mean body weight change [mean difference (MD), -0.54 kg; 95%CI, -1.09 to 0.01; I2 = 0%; moderate quality of evidence) or mean BMI change (MD, -0.19 kg/m2; 95%CI, -0.43 to 0.04; I2 = 51%; low quality of evidence) between groups who received probiotics or synbiotics and control groups. Oral supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics reduced mean waist circumference compared with control (MD, -0.82 cm; 95%CI, -1.43 to -0.21; I2 = 46%; low quality of evidence). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that oral supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics has a small effect to reduce waist circumference but no effect on body weight or BMI, although the quality of evidence is low to moderate. Therefore, the current evidence is not definitive. Large-scale trials are needed and may help to better inform clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration number CRD42018075126.
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Systematic reviews show that consuming probiotics causes overweight and obese people to lose weight, but the weight loss and reduction in waist circumference and visceral fat is small.
“Systematic reviews have shown that by consuming probiotics [137,138,139,140], overweight and obese people lose weight, but the weight loss and reduction in waist circumference and visceral fat is small [137,138,139,140].”
From The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties (2024) · cites this paper as [138]
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The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties
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Effects of Synbiotic Supplement on Human Gut Microbiota, Body Composition and Weight Loss in Obesity
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- Authors
- Suzumura, E. A., Bersch-Ferreira, Â. C., Torreglosa, C. R., da Silva, J. T., Coqueiro, A. Y., Kuntz, M. G. F., Chrispim, P. P., Weber, B., & Cavalcanti, A. B.
- Affiliations
- Research Institute at Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital do Coração (BR)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Instituto Dona Helena de Ensino e Pesquisa, Joinville, Brazil
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-03-28
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 430-450
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- 1753-4887
- OpenAlex
- W2931546760
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Brazilian Ministry of Health
- Desenvolvimento Institucional do SUS
- Brazilian Public Health System
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Keywords
- probiotics, synbiotics, overweight, obesity, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, gut microbiota, dietary supplementation, weight management
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Weight, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Probiotics, Overweight, Waist Circumference, Young Adult, Synbiotics
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