Cited by 679Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsGeology and Paleoclimatology ResearchEarth Systems and Cosmic Evolution

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

The Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle: CO2 and O2

Berner, Robert A.·2004·Oxford University Press eBooks

DOI 10.1093/oso/9780195173338.001.0001

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The term "carbon cycle" is normally thought to mean those processes that govern the present-day transfer of carbon between life, the atmosphere, and the oceans. This book describes another carbon cycle, one which operates over millions of years and involves the transfer of carbon between rocks and the combination of life, the atmosphere, and the oceans. The weathering of silicate and carbonate rocks and ancient sedimentary organic matter (including recent, large-scale human-induced burning of fossil fuels), the burial of organic matter and carbonate minerals in sediments, and volcanic degassing of carbon dioxide contribute to this cycle. In The Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle, Robert Berner shows how carbon cycle models can be used to calculate levels of atmospheric CO2 and O2 over Phanerozoic time, the past 550 million years, and how results compare with independent methods. His analysis has implications for such disparate subjects as the evolution of land plants, the presence of giant ancient insects, the role of tectonics in paleoclimate, and the current debate over global warming and greenhouse gases

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/oso/9780195173338.001.0001

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 676

Continental weathering as a driver of Late Cretaceous cooling: new insights from clay mineralogy of Campanian sediments from the southern Tethyan margin to the Boreal realm
Chenot, E., Deçoninck, J., Pucéat, E., Pellenard, P., Guiraud, M., Jaubert, M., Jarvis, I., Thibault, N. R., Cocquerez, T., Bruneau, L., et al. (2018) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.01.016 · Cited by 33
100 Million Years of Reef Prosperity and Collapse: Ordovician to Devonian Interval
Copper, P. (2011) · The Paleontological Society Papers · doi:10.1017/s1089332600002424 · Cited by 33
Evaluating CO2 flux and recharge source in geothermal springs, Garhwal Himalaya, India: stable isotope systematics and geochemical proxies
Tiwari, S. K., Gupta, A. K., & Asthana, A. K. L. (2020) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-020-07922-1 · Cited by 33
“…is mainly controlled by the relative CO2 fluxes degassed by metamorphism and magmatism (source) minus consumption by silicate weathering (sink) (Berner and Raiswell 1983; Berner 1993, 2004; Kerrick and Caldeira 1993, 1998; Gerlach 2011; IPCC 2013; Regnier et al. 2013; Le Quéré et al. 2015).”
Background
Unusual microbial mat‐related structural diversity 2.1 billion years ago and implications for the Francevillian biota
Aubineau, J., Albani, A. E., Fru, E. C., Gingras, M. K., Batonneau, Y. X., Buatois, L. A., Rodier, C., Labanowski, J., Laforest, C., Lemée, L., et al. (2018) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12296 · Cited by 33
Proterozoic Atmospheric Oxygen
Canfield, D. E. (2014) · Treatise on Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.01308-5 · Cited by 32
Late Proterozoic Transitions in Climate, Oxygen, and Tectonics, and the Rise of Complex Life
Planavsky, N. J., Tarhan, L. G., Bellefroid, E. J., Evans, D. A. D., Reinhard, C. T., Love, G. D., & Lyons, T. W. (2015) · The Paleontological Society Papers · doi:10.1017/s1089332600002965 · Cited by 32
“…cycle and a low-latitude Rodinia Atmospheric CO2 concentrations and, more broadly, the global carbon budget are controlled by the balance between carbon inputs from volcanism and metamorphism and outputs through organic matter and carbonate burial (Berner, 2004; Ridgewell and Zeebe, 2005).”
BackgroundInfluential
GCM Simulations of Unstable Climates in the Habitable Zone
Paradise, A., & Kristen Menou, A. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8b1c · Cited by 34
“Atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves into rainwater as carbonic acid, is delivered to the surface, reacts with the rock, and is eventually carried to the oceans where it can be recycled into the mantle via subduction (Berner 2004; Pierrehumbert 2010).”
Background
Climates of the Late Triassic: Perspectives, Proxies and Problems
Tanner, L. H. (2017) · Topics in geobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68009-5_3 · Cited by 32
A sink- or a source-driven carbon cycle at the geological timescale? Relative importance of palaeogeography versus solid Earth degassing rate in the Phanerozoic climatic evolution
Goddéris, Y., & Yannick Donnadieu, A. (2017) · Geological Magazine · doi:10.1017/s0016756817001054 · Cited by 34
Watershed-scale chemical weathering in a merokarst terrain, northeastern Kansas, USA
Macpherson, G. L., & Sullivan, P. (2018) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.12.001 · Cited by 29
A New Model for the Genesis of Carboniferous Mn Ores, Longtou Deposit, South China Block
Chen, F., Pufahl, P. K., Wang, Q., Matheson, E. J., Shabaga, B. M., Zhang, Q., Zeng, Y., Le, X., Ruan, D., & Zhao, Y. (2021) · Economic Geology · doi:10.5382/econgeo.4855 · Cited by 33
Dangerous anthropogenic interference, dangerous climatic change, and harmful climatic change: non-trivial distinctions with significant policy implications
Harvey, L. D. D. (2007) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9183-6 · Cited by 32
“If climate sensitivity is too small (less than about 1.5 K), impossibly high CO2 peaks are obtained, while if it is too large (greater than about 3 K), unreasonably low Mesozoic values are obtained (Berner 2004, pp. 80–83, and Berner, personal communication, 2006).”
BackgroundInfluential
Examining the Complexity of Environmental Change during the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic
Isbell, J. L., Fraiser, M. L., & Henry, L. C. (2008) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2008.s03 · Cited by 32
Oxygen and Early Animal Evolution
Xiao, S. (2014) · Treatise on Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.01310-3 · Cited by 31
Evaluating U-series tools for weathering rate and duration on a soil sequence of known ages
Keech, A. R., West, A. J., Pett-Ridge, J. C., et al. (2013) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.04.032 · Cited by 31
Middle–Upper Ordovician (Darriwilian–Sandbian) paired carbon and sulfur isotope stratigraphy from the Appalachian Basin, USA: Implications for dynamic redox conditions spanning the peak of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event
Kozik, N. P., Young, S. A., Bowman, C. N., Saltzman, M. R., & Them, T. R. (2019) · Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.01.032 · Cited by 31
Carbon, sulfur and O2 across the Permian–Triassic boundary
Berner, R. A. (2005) · Journal of Geochemical Exploration · doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.08.088 · Cited by 30
Self-citation
Ecosystem CO2 starvation and terrestrial silicate weathering: mechanisms and global‐scale quantification during the late Miocene
Beerling, D. J., Taylor, L. L., Bradshaw, C. P., Lunt, D. J., Valdes, P. J., Banwart, S. A., Mark Pagani, I., & Leake, J. R. (2011) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01905.x · Cited by 30
The Physiology of Dinosaurs: Circulatory and Respiratory Function in the Largest Animals Ever to Walk the Earth
Pierson, D. J. (2009) · Respiratory Care · doi:10.4187/002013209793800286 · Cited by 29
The impact of the ‘terrestrialisation process’ in the late Palaeozoic: pCO2, pO2, and the ‘phytoplankton blackout’
Servais, T., Martin, R. E., & Nützel, A. (2015) · Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology · doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.08.010 · Cited by 28
Routes to global glaciation
Arnscheidt, C. W., & Rothman, D. H. (2020) · Proceedings of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0303 · Cited by 28
Jacques-Joseph Ébelmen, the founder of earth system science
Berner, R. A. (2012) · Comptes Rendus Géoscience · doi:10.1016/j.crte.2012.08.001 · Cited by 30
Self-citation
Duration of Sturtian “Snowball Earth” glaciation linked to exceptionally low mid-ocean ridge outgassing
Dutkiewicz, A., Merdith, A., Collins, A. S., et al. (2024) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g51669.1 · Cited by 28
Weathering by tree-root-associating fungi diminishes under simulated Cenozoic atmospheric CO 2 decline
Quirk, J., Leake, J. R., Banwart, S. A., Taylor, L. L., & Beerling, D. J. (2014) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-11-321-2014 · Cited by 28
Impact of sediment–seawater cation exchange on Himalayan chemical weathering fluxes
Lupker, M., France‐Lanord, C., & Lartiges, B. (2016) · Earth Surface Dynamics · doi:10.5194/esurf-4-675-2016 · Cited by 28
“5) (Berner, 2004; Berner et al., 1983; MacKenzie and Garrels, 1966; Michalopoulos and Aller, 1995).”
Background
Earth's Outgassing and Climatic Transitions: The Slow Burn Towards Environmental “Catastrophes”?
McKenzie, N. R., & Jiang, H. (2019) · Elements · doi:10.2138/gselements.15.5.325 · Cited by 28
“The p CO 2 is a result of the balance between the rate of CO 2 inputs through magmatic/metamorphic degassing and the rates of carbon removal via silicate weathering and organic carbon burial (Berner 2004) ( F ig .”
BackgroundInfluential
An estimate of the efficiency of the iron‐ and manganese‐driven dissolved inorganic phosphorus trap at an oxic/euxinic water column redoxcline
Turnewitsch, R., & Pohl, C. (2010) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2010gb003820 · Cited by 28
“Thus, less oxygen is consumed from the Earth’s surface environment and the atmospheric oxygen content increases [see, e.g., Berner, 2004]).”
Background
Climate model sensitivity to changes in Miocene paleotopography
Herold, N., You, Y., Müller, R. D., & Seton, M. (2009) · Australian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1080/08120090903246170 · Cited by 28
Carbon isotopic evidence for transformation of DIC to POC in the lower Xijiang River, SE China
Sun, H., Han, J., Zhang, S., & Lu, X. (2015) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.018 · Cited by 28
Did high Neo-Tethys subduction rates contribute to early Cenozoic warming?
Hoareau, G., Bomou, B., van Hinsbergen, D. J. J., Carry, N., Marquer, D., Yannick Donnadieu, A., Hir, G. L., Vrielynck, B., & Walter‐Simonnet, A. (2015) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-11-1751-2015 · Cited by 30
“…important weathering rates at that time, they fail to reproduce this rise in temperature and atmospheric CO2 without the addition of excess CO2 compared to background CO2 volcanic degassing rates (4–10× 1018 molCO2 Ma −1 at present; Berner, 2004) (Lefebvre et al., 2013; Van der Meer et al., 2014).”
BackgroundInfluential
Silicate Rock Weathering and the Global Carbon Cycle
Gíslason, S. R., & Oelkers, É. H. (2011) · Frontiers in Geochemistry · doi:10.1002/9781444329957.ch5 · Cited by 28
Inefficient Water Degassing Inhibits Ocean Formation on Rocky Planets: An Insight from Self-Consistent Mantle Degassing Models
Miyazaki, Y., & Korenaga, J. (2022) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2021.0126 · Cited by 34
“Plate tectonics maintains a habitable atmospheric composition over geological time (Berner, 2004), so the presence of surface water, a key to plate tectonics, is crucial for the long-term habitability of the planet.”
The complex response of continental silicate rock weathering to the colonization of the continents by vascular plants in the Devonian
Maffre, P., Goddéris, Y., Pohl, A., Yannick Donnadieu, A., Carretier, S., & Hir, G. L. (2022) · American Journal of Science · doi:10.2475/03.2022.02 · Cited by 27
Phanerozoic evolution of atmospheric methane
Bartdorff, O., Wallmann, K., Latif, M., & Семенов, В. А. (2008) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2007gb002985 · Cited by 27
The Changing Climate: Past, Present, Future
Quante, M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-92160-8_2 · Cited by 26
“The response of the inorganic carbon cycle and the carbonate-silicate-cycle to changes in climate kept the CO 2 level in the atmosphere at a sufficiently elevated level, in this context vol- canism and weathering were relevant processes within the negative feedback process on climate (Berner 2004).”
Background
200 Years of Fossil Fuels and Climate Change (1900-2100)
Shanmugam, G. (2023) · Journal of the Geological Society of India · doi:10.1007/s12594-023-2431-9 · Cited by 26
“Berner (2004) has reviewed this aspect in great detail.”
Background
The influence of carbonate platform interactions with subduction zone volcanism on palaeo-atmospheric CO 2 since the Devonian
Pall, J., Zahirovic, S., Doss, S., Hassan, R., Matthews, K. J., Cannon, J., Gurnis, M., Moresi, L. N., Lenardic, A., & Müller, R. D. (2018) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-14-857-2018 · Cited by 26
“However, it is difficult to test this hypothesis, especially due to poor preservation of ancient intra-oceanic arc rocks (Berner, 2004).”
Background
Evaluating the geogenic CO2 flux from geothermal areas by analysing quaternary travertine masses. New data from western central Italy and review of previous CO2 flux data
Mancini, A., Frondini, F., Capezzuoli, E., Mejia, E. G., Lezzi, G., Matarazzi, D., Brogi, A., & Swennen, R. (2019) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.04.030 · Cited by 27
Late Devonian carbon isotope chemostratigraphy: A new record from the offshore facies of South China
Zhang, X., Joachimski, M. M., Over, D. J., Ma, K., Huang, C. Y., & Gong, Y. (2019) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103024 · Cited by 26
Biogeochemistry of Primary Production in the Sea
Falkowski, P. G. (2003) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-08-043751-6/08129-9 · Cited by 35
Multiple sulfur isotope evidence for massive oceanic sulfate depletion in the aftermath of Snowball Earth
Sansjofre, P., Cartigny, P., Trindade, R. I. F., Nogueira, A. C. R., Agrinier, P., & Ader, M. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms12192 · Cited by 28
Planetary Atmospheres
Catling, D. C. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53802-4.00185-8 · Cited by 30
The impact of insolation, greenhouse gas forcing and ocean circulation changes on glacial inception
Vettoretti, G., & Peltier, W. R. (2011) · The Holocene · doi:10.1177/0959683610394885 · Cited by 26
A tighter constraint on Earth-system sensitivity from long-term temperature and carbon-cycle observations
Wong, T. E., Cui, Y., Royer, D. L., & Keller, K. M. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23543-9 · Cited by 26
Waterworlds May Have Better Climate Buffering Capacities than Their Continental Counterparts
Hayworth, B., & Foley, B. J. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abb882 · Cited by 24
Characteristics of Early Earth’s Critical Zone Based on Middle—Late Devonian Paleosol Properties (Voronezh High, Russia)
Alekseeva, T. V., Kabanov, P., Alekseev, A. O., Kalinin, P. I., & Alekseeva, V. (2016) · Clays and Clay Minerals · doi:10.1346/ccmn.2016.064044 · Cited by 24
“…increasing the rate of weathering and pedogenesis, mobilization of plant nutrients, and enhancing the geochemical cycles of elements, thus increasing the flux of elements into the ocean and mitigating the atmospheric CO2 (Mora et al., 1996; Cox et al., 2001; Berner, 2004; Mintz et al., 2010).”
Background
Lithologic Controls on Silicate Weathering Regimes of Temperate Planets
Hakim, K., Bower, D. J., Tian, M., Deitrick, R., Auclair-Desrotour, P., Kitzmann, D., Dorn, C., Mezger, K., & Heng, K. (2021) · The Planetary Science Journal · doi:10.3847/psj/abe1b8 · Cited by 25
“…for the carbon cycle on Earth based on data from the past 100Myr shows that the value of β for continental weathering is largely unconstrained: between 0.21 −0.48 (prior: 0.2−0.5) for their nominal model and between 0.05−0.95 (prior: 0−1) for their Michaelis–Menten model (Volk 1987; Berner 2004).”
BackgroundInfluential
High Organic Burial Efficiency Is Required to Explain Mass Balance in Earth's Early Carbon Cycle
Kipp, M. A., Krissansen‐Totton, J., & Catling, D. C. (2020) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2020gb006707 · Cited by 25
“Like silicate weathering, carbonate weathering depends on both pCO2 and temperature (Berner, 2004), though the precise quantitative relationship between each parameter remains uncertain (e.g., Gaillardet et al., 2019; Romero-Mujalli et al., 2019).”
Background
Presence or absence of stabilizing Earth system feedbacks on different time scales
Arnscheidt, C. W., & Rothman, D. H. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adc9241 · Cited by 24
Increased fire activity under high atmospheric oxygen concentrations is compatible with the presence of forests
Vitali, R., Belcher, C. M., Kaplan, J. O., & Watson, A. J. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35081-z · Cited by 25
Carbonate platform production during the Cretaceous
Pohl, A., Yannick Donnadieu, A., Goddéris, Y., Lanteaume, C., Hairabian, A., Frau, C., Michel, J., Laugié, M., Reijmer, J. J. G., Scotese, C. R., et al. (2020) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b35680.1 · Cited by 25
“Instead, we followed the approach adopted by Berner in his various versions of the seminal GEOCARB(SULF) model (Berner and Kothavala, 2001; Berner, 2004, 2006), which consists of scaling volcanic degassing with proxies for geodynamic activity (e.g., subduction length).”
Method
Biological and Geochemical Forcings to Phanerozoic Change in Seawater, Atmosphere, and Carbonate Precipitate Composition
Guidry, M., Arvidson, R. S., & Mackenzie, F. T. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012370518-1/50018-7 · Cited by 24
A two‐dimensional atmospheric chemistry modeling investigation of Earth's Phanerozoic O3 and near‐surface ultraviolet radiation history
Harfoot, M., Beerling, D. J., Lomax, B. H., & Pyle, J. A. (2007) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2006jd007372 · Cited by 24
Citizens and scientists collect comparable oceanographic data: measurements of ocean transparency from the Secchi Disk study and science programmes
Kirby, R. R., Beaugrand, G., Kléparski, L., Goodall, S., & Lavender, S. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95029-z · Cited by 25
Transport and exchange of U-series nuclides between suspended material, dissolved load and colloids in rivers draining basaltic terrains
von Strandmann, P. A. E. P., Burton, K. W., Porcelli, D., James, R. H., van Calsteren, P., & Gíslason, S. R. (2010) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.029 · Cited by 23
Burial and Preservation of Carbonate Rocks Over Phanerozoic Time
Berner, R. A., & Mackenzie, F. T. (2010) · Aquatic Geochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10498-010-9113-0 · Cited by 25
Self-citation
Did trees grow up to the light, up to the wind, or down to the water? How modern high productivity colors perception of early plant evolution
Boyce, C. K., Fan, Y., & Zwieniecki, M. A. (2017) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.14387 · Cited by 23
Habitable Snowballs: Temperate Land Conditions, Liquid Water, and Implications for CO2 Weathering
Paradise, A., Kristen Menou, A., Valencia, D., & Lee, C. (2019) · Journal of Geophysical Research Planets · doi:10.1029/2019je005917 · Cited by 24
“These rocks are eventually recycled into the mantle, where the CO2 can be regassed into the atmosphere (Berner, 2004; Pierrehumbert, 2010; Sleep & Zahnle, 2001).”
Background
Weathering of soil minerals by angiosperm and gymnosperm trees
Andrews, M. Y., Ague, J. J., & Berner, R. A. (2008) · Mineralogical Magazine · doi:10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.11 · Cited by 23
“The potential impact of tree evolution on the long-term carbon cycle is illustrated by the GEOCARB model (Berner, 2004; Berner and Kothavala, 2001), which demonstrates both a marked drop in CO2 coinciding with the rise of gymnosperms in the Palaeozoic and great sensitivity to the relative strengths…”
MethodSelf-citation
Connecting the Deep Earth and the Atmosphere
Torsvik, T. H., Svensen, H. H., Steinberger, B., Royer, D. L., Jerram, D. A., Jones, M. T., & Domeier, M. (2021) · Geophysical monograph · doi:10.1002/9781119528609.ch16 · Cited by 30
Self-sustained oscillations and global climate changes
Arnaut, L. G., & Ibáñez, S. G.-V. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68052-9 · Cited by 22
Small-catchment perspective on chemical weathering and its controlling factors in the Nam Co basin, central Tibetan Plateau
Yu, Z., Wu, G., Li, F., et al. (2021) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126315 · Cited by 22
An abyssal hill fractionates organic and inorganic matter in deep‐sea surface sediments
Turnewitsch, R., Lahajnar, N., Haeckel, M., et al. (2015) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/2015gl065658 · Cited by 22
“Deep-sea sediments constitute one of the main biogeochemical compartments of the Earth system [Berner, 2004; Kump et al., 2004] and provide essential food supply to most organisms living on/in the seafloor [Gage and Tyler, 1991].”
Background
Cenozoic mean greenhouse gases and temperature changes with reference to the Anthropocene
Glikson, A. Y. (2016) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13342 · Cited by 25
Secular variation in the elemental composition of marine shales since 840 Ma: Tectonic and seawater influences
Wei, W., & Algeo, T. J. (2020) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2020.01.033 · Cited by 23
Biogeochemical Cycles
Bertrand, J.-C., Bonin, P., Caumette, P., Gattuso, J., Grégori, G., Guyoneaud, R., Roux, X. L., Matheron, R., & Poly, F. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9118-2_14 · Cited by 27
Biological Weathering in the Terrestrial System
Zaharescu, D. G., Burghelea, C. I., Dontsova, K. M., Reinhard, C. T., Chorover, J., & Lybrand, R. A. (2020) · Geophysical monograph · doi:10.1002/9781119413332.ch1 · Cited by 26
Organic Carbon Cycling and the Lithosphere
Derry, L. A. (2014) · Treatise on Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.01014-7 · Cited by 24
Capturing the short-term variability of carbon dioxide emissions from sedimentary rock weathering in a remote mountainous catchment, New Zealand
Roylands, T., Hilton, R. G., Garnett, M. H., Soulet, G., Newton, J.-A., Peterkin, J. L., & Hancock, P. A. (2022) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121024 · Cited by 21
Transformation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) into particulate organic carbon (POC) in the lower Xijiang River, SE China: an isotopic approachPreprint
Sun, H., Han, J., Zhang, S. R., & Lu, X. (2011) · doi:10.5194/bgd-8-9471-2011 · Cited by 21
“Some studies suggested that the aged carbon in rivers is considered to be mainly from sedimentary rocks or vascular plant material stably preserved in deep soil (Petsch et al., 2001, 2003; Berner, 2004; Bouchez et al., 2010).”
Background
Preliminary Appraisal of a Correlation Between Glaciations and Large Igneous Provinces Over the Past 720 Million Years
Youbi, N., Ernst, R. E., Mitchell, R. N., Boumehdi, M. A., Moume, W. E., Lahna, A. A., Bensalah, M. K., Söderlund, U., Doblas, M., & Tassinari, C. C. G. (2021) · Geophysical monograph · doi:10.1002/9781119507444.ch8 · Cited by 21
Volcanism as a prime cause of mass extinctions: Retrospectives and perspectives
Racki, G. (2020) · Geological Society of America eBooks · doi:10.1130/2020.2544(01 · Cited by 26
CARBON SOURCES FOR BIOMASS, FOOD, FOSSILS, BIOFUELS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY - REVIEW ARTICLE
Anastassiadis, S. (2016) · World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology · doi:10.33865/wjb.001.01.0002 · Cited by 23
Geo-LiM: a new geo-lithological map for Central Europe (Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, and Northern Italy) as a tool for the estimation of atmospheric CO2 consumption
Donnini, M., Marchesini, I., & Zucchini, A. (2019) · Journal of Maps · doi:10.1080/17445647.2019.1692082 · Cited by 19
“Carbon migrates among oceans, atmosphere, ecosystems, and geosphere and one million years is the threshold to define the ‘short-term’ and ‘long-term’ carbon cycles (e.g. Berner, 1991, 1994, 2004, 2006; Berner & Kothavala, 2001; Berner, Lasaga, & Garrels, 1983).”
Background
DigitalCrust – a 4D data system of material properties for transforming research on crustal fluid flow
Fan, Y., Richard, S., Bristol, R. S., Peters, S. E., Ingebritsen, S. E., Moosdorf, N., Packman, A. I., Gleeson, T., Zaslavsky, I., Peckham, S. D., et al. (2014) · Geofluids · doi:10.1111/gfl.12114 · Cited by 19
“For example, large-scale compilations of sedimentary data have played an important role in modeling biogeochemical cycling (e.g., Ronov 1978; Berner 2004), and Macrostrat has been used to calibrate sulfate burial fluxes and better constrain the role of the sulfur cycle in regulating atmospheric…”
Method
The effects of terrestrialization on marine ecosystems: the fall of CO 2
Strother, P. K., Servais, T., & Vecoli, M. (2010) · Geological Society London Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp339.4 · Cited by 19
Silurian atmospheric O2 changes and the early radiation of gnathostomes
Qu, Q., Zhu, M., & Zhao, W. (2009) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2009.11.003 · Cited by 19
“Details of the estimation models re provided in Berner (2004).”
Method
The Global Oxygen Cycle
Kasting, J. F., & Canfield, D. E. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118280874.ch7 · Cited by 24
Silicate minerals as a direct source of limiting nutrients: Siderophore synthesis and uptake promote ferric iron bioavailability from olivine and microbial growth
Berghe, M. V. D., Merino, N., Nealson, K. H., & West, A. J. (2021) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12457 · Cited by 19
Paleozoic carbon cycle dynamics: Insights from stable carbon isotopes in marine carbonates and C3 land plants
Dong, Y., Cui, Y., Wang, J., Chen, H., Zhang, F., Wu, Y., Li, Z., Zhu, P. Y., & Jiang, S. (2021) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103813 · Cited by 18
Controls on the evolution of Cenozoic seawater chemistry
Coogan, L. A., & Dosso, S. E. (2022) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2022.05.014 · Cited by 16
Global Quaternary Carbonate Burial: Proxy- and Model-Based Reconstructions and Persisting Uncertainties
Wood, M., Hayes, C. T., & Paytan, A. (2022) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-031122-031137 · Cited by 17
Can neap-spring tidal cycles modulate biogeochemical fluxes in the abyssal near-seafloor water column?
Turnewitsch, R., Dale, A., Lahajnar, N., et al. (2017) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2017.04.006 · Cited by 18
“Deep-sea sediments constitute one of the main biogeochemical compartments of the Earth system and are a net carbon sink for ocean and atmosphere (Berner, 2004; Kump et al., 2004).”
Background
Size patterns of the coccolith Watznaueria barnesiae in the lower Cretaceous: Biotic versus abiotic forcing
Gollain, B., Mattioli, E., Kenjo, S., et al. (2019) · Marine Micropaleontology · doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.03.012 · Cited by 18
Nanorocks, volatiles and plate tectonics
Nicoli, G., & Ferrero, S. (2021) · Geoscience Frontiers · doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2021.101188 · Cited by 18
Climate diversity in the solar-like habitable zone due to varying background gas pressure
Paradise, A., Fan, B. L., Kristen Menou, A., & Lee, C. (2021) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114301 · Cited by 21
Pre‐treatment Methods for Accurate Determination of Total Nitrogen and Organic Carbon Contents and their Stable Isotopic Compositions: Re‐evaluation from Geological Reference Materials
Fujisaki, W., Matsui, Y., Ueda, H., Sawaki, Y., Suzuki, K., & Maruoka, T. (2021) · Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research · doi:10.1111/ggr.12410 · Cited by 17
Milestones in the evolution of the atmosphere with reference to climate change
Glikson, A. Y. (2008) · Australian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1080/08120090701689308 · Cited by 17
“…parameters of the oceans, continent – ocean geotectonic and continent elevation patterns, ice sheets, vegetation and life forms (Frakes et al. 1992; Beerling et al. 2002; Berner 2004, 2006; Beerling & Berner 2005, 2006; Royer 2006; Berner & Beerling 2007; Berner et al. 2007; Royer et al. 2007).”
Background
Why Does Gunnera Do It and Other Angiosperms Don't? An Evolutionary Perspective on the Gunnera–Nostoc Symbiosis
Osborne, B. A., & Bergman, B. (2008) · Microbiology monographs · doi:10.1007/7171_2007_116 · Cited by 17
Isotopic clumping in wood as a proxy for photorespiration in trees
Lloyd, M. K., Stein, R. A., Ibarra, D., Barclay, R., Wing, S. L., Stahle, D., Dawson, T. E., & Stolper, D. A. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.2306736120 · Cited by 13
Late Paleozoic oxygenation of marine environments supported by dolomite U-Pb dating
Israel, M. B., Holder, R., Nelson, L. L., Smith, E. F., Kylander-Clark, A. R. C., & Ryb, U. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46660-7 · Cited by 16
High C/N ratio (not low‐energy content) of vegetation may have driven gigantism in sauropod dinosaurs and perhaps omnivory and/or endothermy in their juveniles
Wilkinson, D. M., & Ruxton, G. D. (2012) · Functional Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12033 · Cited by 16
Bacteriohopanepolyol distribution in Yenisei River and Kara Sea suspended particulate matter and sediments traces terrigenous organic matter input
Jonge, C. D., Talbot, H. M., Bischoff, J., et al. (2015) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.008 · Cited by 16
The effect of the 2002 glacial flood on dissolved and suspended chemical fluxes in the Skaftá river, Iceland
Galeczka, I. M., Eiríksdóttir, E. S., Harðardóttir, J., Oelkers, É. H., Torssander, P., & Gíslason, S. R. (2015) · Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research · doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.05.008 · Cited by 16
Chemical depletion of sediment under the Greenland Ice Sheet
Graly, J. A., Humphrey, N. F., & Harper, J. T. (2016) · Earth Surface Processes and Landforms · doi:10.1002/esp.3960 · Cited by 16
Modeling the Archean Atmosphere and Climate
Kasting, J. F. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.01306-1 · Cited by 19
Cenozoic carbonate burial along continental margins
van der Ploeg, R., Boudreau, B. P., Middelburg, J. J., & Sluijs, A. (2019) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g46418.1 · Cited by 17
“These alkalinity inputs and outputs should be in balance over geological time scales (Berner, 2004; Ridgwell and Zeebe, 2005).”
Background
Mantle Dynamics: An Introduction and Overview
Bercovici, D. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53802-4.00125-1 · Cited by 16
Did high Neo-Tethys subduction rates contribute to early Cenozoic warming?Preprint
Hoareau, G., Bomou, B., van Hinsbergen, D. J. J., et al. (2015) · doi:10.5194/cpd-11-2847-2015 · Cited by 15
Effects of basalt, concrete fines, and steel slag on maize growth and toxic trace element accumulation in an enhanced weathering experiment
Rijnders, J., Vienne, A., & Vicca, S. (2025) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-22-2803-2025 · Cited by 19
“While the naturally occurring silicate rock weathering process has been important for stabilizing climate at geological timescales, its pace is insufficient to substantially reduce the current rise in atmospheric CO 2 (Berner, 2004; Walker et al., 1981).”

Authors: Berner, R. A.
Corresponding author: Berner, Robert A.
Venue: Oxford University Press eBooks
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2004-09-02
DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780195173338.001.0001
OpenAlex: W2798800744
Cited by: 679
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 31
FWCI: 12.46
Type: book
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Oxford University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
Keywords: atmospheric CO2, atmospheric oxygen, silicate weathering, carbonate weathering, organic matter burial, volcanic degassing, carbon cycle models, paleoclimate, land plant evolution, giant insects, tectonics, global warming, greenhouse gases, fossil fuel combustion

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle: CO2 and O2

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks