Cited by 468Obesity, Physical Activity, DietDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsCancer Risks and Factors

Weight Gain Continues in the 1990s: 10-year Trends in Weight and Overweight from the CARDIA Study

Lewis, C. E., Jacobs, D. R., McCreath, H., Kiefe, C. I., Schreiner, P. J., Smith, D. E., Williams, O. D.·2000·American Journal of Epidemiology

Abstract

The prevalence of obesity increased in the United States through the 1980s. The authors examined 10-year aging and secular (time-related) trends in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort for indications of whether these trends are continuing and for ages of peak weight gain in young adults. CARDIA is a population-based, prospective study of 5,115 African-American and White men and women aged 18-30 years at baseline. Body weight and overweight prevalence were measured at five time points from 1985-1986 to 1995-1996. Linear, mixed-model regression was used to partition weight gain into that due to secular trends and that due to aging. Prevalence of overweight (body mass index (BMI) > or = 25.0 kg/m2) increased markedly, and prevalence of severe obesity (BMI > or = 40.0 kg/m2) doubled in all race-sex groups. Each race-sex group experienced significant secular weight gains, ranging from 0.96 kg/year (95% confidence interval: 79, 1.13) in African-American women to 0.55 kg/year (95% confidence interval: 0.41, 0.69) in White women. Significant secular gains were present during each follow-up period. Each race-sex group also experienced significant weight increases related to aging during their early to midtwenties. Secular trends for weight gain are continuing in CARDIA, but the magnitude of weight gain differed among the four race-sex groups.

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  1. Troiano RP, Regal KM, Kuczmarski RJ, et al. Overweight prevalence and trends for children and adolescents: the National Health and Examination Surveys, 1963-1991. Arch PediatrAdolescMed 1995;149:1085-91.
  2. Jacobs DR Jr, Hannan PJ, Liu K, et al. Interpreting age, period and cohort effects in plasma lipids and serum insulin using repeated measures regression analysis: the CARDIA Study. Stat Med 1999; 18:655-79.
  3. Lewis CE, Smith DE, Wallace DD, et al. Seven-year trends in body weight and associations of weight change with lifestyle and behavioral characteristics in Black and White young adults: the CARDIA Study. Am J Public Health 1997;87: 635-42.
  4. Liu K, Ruth KJ, Flack JM, et al. Blood pressure in young blacks and whites: relevance of obesity and lifestyle factors in determining differences: the CARDIA study. Circulation 1996; 93:60-6.

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Authors
Lewis, C. E., Jacobs, D. R., McCreath, H., Kiefe, C. I., Schreiner, P. J., Smith, D. E., & Williams, O. D.
Affiliations
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • University of Alabama (US)
Venue
American Journal of Epidemiology
Published
2000-06-15
Volume
151
Issue
12
Pages
1172-1181
ISSN
  • 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-6256
OpenAlex
W2001231430
Cited by
468
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 35
FWCI
16.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (n01hc48048-58-0-1, n01hc48047-55-0-1, n01hc48049-61-0-1)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01 HC 95095, N01-HC48048, N01-HC-48-049, N01-HC-480-47)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
Keywords
weight gain, obesity, overweight, secular trends, aging, young adults, body mass index, morbid obesity, race and sex differences, CARDIA cohort, 1990s
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Black or African American, Female, Heart Diseases, Humans, Male, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Weight Gain, Incidence, Prevalence, Women's Health, Risk Assessment, Black People, White People

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