Cited by 37Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsVisual perception and processing mechanisms

Early brain wiring: activity-dependent processes

Penn, A. A.·2001·Schizophrenia Bulletin

Abstract

One of the leading theories of the neuropathology of schizophrenia is that it is a developmental disorder of "neural connectivity." To assess this theory, it is first necessary to understand how precise neural connections normally are established. Sensory-driven neural activity has been widely recognized as crucial for this process. Recent studies have revealed a similar requirement for endogenous neural activity generated by the nervous system itself, long before there is any sensory input. These patterns of sensory-driven and endogenously generated neural activity sculpt the precise circuits that are crucial to the many complex functions of the adult brain. This article summarizes the principles of activity-dependent neural development as determined from basic neuroscience experiments, particularly those done using the mammalian visual system, to illustrate the role of patterned activity, neuronal competition, and critical periods in shaping neural circuitry. The potential molecular mechanisms involved in these features of activity-dependent neurodevelopment are discussed and possible links to the etiology of schizophrenia are briefly explored.

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  • PNNs mature gradually in an experience-dependent manner during late postnatal development, overlapping with the prodromal period and age of onset of schizophrenia.

    “PNNs gradually mature in an experience-dependent manner during late stages of postnatal development, overlapping with the prodromal period/age of onset of schizophrenia.”
  • In human and non-human primates, these ECM maturation events span adolescence and early adulthood, potentially coinciding with the prodromal period and onset of schizophrenia.

    “Relevant to the pathophysiology of SZ, in human and non-human primates these events span across adolescence and early adulthood, potentially coinciding with the prodromal period and onset of SZ (Hensch, 2004; Penn, 2001; Sturman and Moghaddam, 2011).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Daw, N.W. Visual Development. New York: Plenum Press, 1995.
  2. LeVay, S.; Stryker, M.P.; and Shatz, C.J. Ocular domi- nance columns and their development in layer IV of the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 159:223-244, 1978.
  3. Pearlson, G.D. Neurobiology of schizophrenia. Annals of Neurology, 48:556-566,2000.
  4. Rodieck, R.W. Visual pathways. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 2:193-255, 1979.

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Authors
Penn, A. A.
Affiliations
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Penn, A. A.
Venue
Schizophrenia Bulletin
Published
2001-01-01
Volume
27
Issue
3
Pages
337-347
ISSN
  • 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
  • 1745-1701
OpenAlex
W2151702145
Cited by
37
References
88
Citations by year
2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI
0.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Keywords
etiology of schizophrenia
MeSH terms
Cyclic AMP, Axons, Brain, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Geniculate Bodies, Humans, Nerve Growth Factors, Nerve Net, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Schizophrenia, Synapses, Visual Cortex, N-Methylaspartate

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