The period of susceptibility to the physiological effects of unilateral eye closure in kittens
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1. Kittens were visually deprived by suturing the lids of the right eye for various periods of time at different ages. Recordings were subsequently made from the striate cortex, and responses from the two eyes compared. As previously reported, monocular eye closure during the first few months of life causes a sharp decline in the number of cells that can be influenced by the previously closed eye. 2. Susceptibility to the effects of eye closure begins suddenly near the start of the fourth week, remains high until some time between the sixth and eighth weeks, and then declines, disappearing finally around the end of the third month. Monocular closure for over a year in an adult cat produces no detectable effects. 3. During the period of high susceptibility in the fourth and fifth weeks eye closure for as little as 3‐4 days leads to a sharp decline in the number of cells that can be driven from both eyes, as well as an over‐all decline in the relative influence of the previously closed eye. A 6‐day closure is enough to give a reduction in the number of cells that can be driven by the closed eye to a fraction of the normal. The physiological picture is similar to that following a 3‐month monocular deprivation from birth, in which the proportion of cells the eye can influence drops from 85 to about 7%. 4. Cells of the lateral geniculate receiving input from a deprived eye are noticeably smaller and paler to Nissl stain following 3 or 6 days' deprivation during the fourth week. 5. Following 3 months of monocular deprivation, opening the eye for up to 5 yr produces only a very limited recovery in the cortical physiology, and no obvious recovery of the geniculate atrophy, even though behaviourally there is some return of vision in the deprived eye. Closing the normal eye, though necessary for behavioural recovery, has no detectable effect on the cortical physiology. The amount of possible recovery in the striate cortex is probably no greater if the period of eye closure is limited to weeks, but after a 5‐week closure there is a definite enhancement of the recovery, even though it is far from complete.
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Critical periods for sensory plasticity occur in the same preadolescent period in which remodeling of connectivity occurs.
“It is noteworthy that critical periods for sensory plasticity occur in the same preadolescent period in which remodeling of connectivity occurs.34, 48, 49”
From A role for synaptic plasticity in the adolescent development of executive function (2013) · cites this paper as [48]
The Abstract (points 1–3) identifies an early-life period in kittens when visual-cortex responses are highly susceptible to monocular eye closure. It does not establish that this period coincides with remodeling of connectivity; the reported changes concern physiological responses and, in point 4, cell appearance. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThese sensitive windows are known as critical periods, and constitute another major milestone in the development of brain circuits.
“These sensitive windows are known as critical periods 35 , and constitute another major milestone in the development of brain circuits.”
From Developmental timing and critical windows for the treatment of psychiatric disorders (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
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A psychobiological theory of attachment
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Neurogenesis of the cat's primary visual cortex
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- Authors
- Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N.
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1970-02
- Volume
- 206
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 419-436
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC1348655
- OpenAlex
- W2104220712
- Cited by
- 3,030
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 77 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 83 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 85 · 2012: 87
- FWCI
- 30.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- monocular deprivation, eyelid closure, kittens, primary visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus, visual development, critical period, cortical plasticity, visual recovery, binocular vision
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Animals, Cats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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