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Potential Role of Increased Iron Stores in Diabetes
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Extensive clinical, epidemiologic, and basic studies suggest that excessive tissue iron stores may contribute to the occurrence and complications of DM. Secondary diabetes occurs in inherited pathologic iron overload syndromes of European- and African-derived populations and is an established complication of transfusional iron overload. Epidemiologic studies have repeatedly shown positive correlation between levels of serum ferritin and those of fasting glucose, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin. Iron reduction therapy in hereditary hemochromatosis and transfusional iron overload is associated with improved glucose tolerance and reduced incidence of secondary diabetes. Trials of iron reduction therapy in diabetes mellitus, although limited and inconclusive, have shown clinical improvement in some patients. The current article reviews evidence suggesting that tissue iron contributes to DM and its complications and presents preliminary data that emphasize the potential importance of iron overload in DM of African Americans.
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“Iron 'excess' is also a known feature of gestational diabetes [591-593], and is a clear risk factor for the disease even in 'normal' populations [594-603], and indeed diabetes is a classical consequence of iron overloading as seen in hereditary haemochromatosis [604].”
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“disease even in 'normal' populations [594-603], and”
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“…or both have emerged from studies of other populations, including Europeans and African Americans (Jiang et al., 2004; Tuomainen et al., 1997; Wilson et al., 2003), and from other conditions, including gestational diabetes (Afkhami-Ardekani and Rashidi, 2009) and prediabetes (Sharifi et al.,…”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wilson, J. G., Maher, J. F., Lindquist, J. H., Grambow, S. C., & Crook, E. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
- Durham VA Medical Center (US)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Wayne State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wilson, James G.
- Venue
- The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-06
- Volume
- 325
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 332-339
- ISSN
- 0002-9629 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2015938505
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of the Medical Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics (clinical) › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- diabetes mellitus, iron overload, serum ferritin, hereditary hemochromatosis, transfusional iron overload, secondary diabetes, African Americans, cardiovascular risk, glucose tolerance, HbA1c
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Black or African American, Clinical Trials as Topic, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Iron, Iron Overload, White People
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