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Malignancy in Endometriosis: Frequency and Comparison of Ovarian and Extraovarian Types
Abstract
One thousand consecutive cases of surgically proven endometriosis were reviewed to evaluate the frequency and types of pelvic cancers that were associated with ovarian and extraovarian endometriosis. The frequency and types of histologic abnormalities present in the eutopic endometrium when cancers were noted in endometriosis were also evaluated. In the large subset of cases for which the authors were the primary pathologists and all foci of endometriosis were recorded, the frequency of malignancy was 10.8%. In contrast, the frequency was only 3.2% in cases diagnosed by others previously in our institution. Cancers were more commonly found in ovaries when endometriosis was present in that ovary (5%) compared to when endometriosis was present at other sites (1%). Clear cell and endometrioid carcinomas were the malignancies most commonly seen in ovaries containing endometriosis, while clear cell adenocarcinoma and adenosarcoma were most commonly seen in conjunction with extraovarian endometriosis. The association of endometriosis with endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma was much stronger than that of serous and mucinous tumors (p < .01). Concurrent endometrial pathology was commonly seen in cases of malignant transformation of endometriosis (32% of cases).
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Malignant transformation of endometriosis is estimated to occur in 0.7 to 1.5% of all cases of endometriosis.
“Malignant transformation is an extremely rare condition, and it is estimated to occur in 0.7 to 1.5% of all cases of endometriosis [8].”
From Malignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [8]
Clear cell carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma are the two most prevalent histological subtypes of malignant endometriosis.
“Clear cell carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma are the two most prevalent histological subtypes of malignant endometriosis.”
From Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis—A report on two cases and literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
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Cited by
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“Clear cell carcinoma is the most common histologic subtype of malignant endometriosis, followed by endometrioid cancer [4].”
BackgroundIncisional carcinoma of Mullerian Origin: A case report and review of literature
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Malignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review
Alaert, J., Lancelle, M., Timmermans, M., Tanos, P., Nisolle, M., & Karampelas, S. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13082282 · Cited by 9
“Malignant transformation is an extremely rare condition, and it is estimated to occur in 0.7 to 1.5% of all cases of endometriosis [8].”
BackgroundInfluentialMalignancies Associated with Extraovarian Endometriosis: A Literature Review
Inoue, N., Hirakawa, T., Mitsushita, J., Kitahara, Y., & Iwase, A. (2021) · Endocrines · doi:10.3390/endocrines2030024 · Cited by 7
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Metadata
- Authors
- Stern, R. C., Dash, R., Bentley, R. C., Snyder, M. J., Haney, A. F., & Robboy, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Robboy, Stanley J.
- Venue
- International Journal of Gynecological Pathology
- Published
- 2001-04
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 133-139
- ISSN
- 0277-1691 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2106285116
- Cited by
- 403
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 12.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Gynecological Pathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Keywords
- endometriosis, endometriosis-associated malignancy, endometrioma, endometrioid carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, adenosarcoma, serous carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, eutopic endometrium, malignant transformation, pelvic cancer
- MeSH terms
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous, Endometriosis, Female, Humans, Neoplasms, Ovarian Neoplasms, Adenosarcoma, Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell, Carcinoma, Endometrioid, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous
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