Deficient Response Inhibition as a Cognitive Endophenotype of ADHD
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether a deficient response inhibition is a cognitive endophenotype of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The authors hypothesized that nonaffected siblings of ADHD probands would have a response inhibition between that of ADHD probands and normal controls, although they resembled the controls at a behavioral level.Method Participants were 25 ADHD probands with a family history of ADHD, their nonaffected siblings (n = 25), and 48 normal controls matched for age and IQ. All participants were between 6 and 17 years of age. The nonaffected siblings were compared with their ADHD siblings and with controls on measures reflecting different types of response inhibition.Results The nonaffected siblings had results similar to those of the ADHD probands, who differed from the controls on all inhibition measures (p <.05).Conclusions Siblings of ADHD probands, while not behaviorally expressing the disorder, have ADHD-associated deficits in response inhibition. This suggests that subtyping based on measures of response inhibition can help identify genetic susceptibility to ADHD. Children with a genetic vulnerability to ADHD may have hidden cognitive deficits in the absence of manifest behavioral symptoms. Therefore, they should be monitored to detect possible learning problems.
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Children with ADHD commit both more omission errors and commission errors than healthy controls.
“This is in line with previous research showing that children with ADHD commit both more omission errors and commission errors than healthy controls [80–82].”
From Assessing ADHD symptoms in children and adults: evaluating the role of objective measures (2018) · cites this paper as [81]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- SLAATS-WILLEMSE, D., SWAAB-BARNEVELD, H., de SONNEVILLE, L., van der MEULEN, E., & BUITELAAR, J.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Corresponding author
- SLAATS-WILLEMSE, DORINE
- ORCID
- BUITELAAR, JAN
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1242-1248
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1993548642
- Cited by
- 185
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 8.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (grant MW 904-57-094)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, response inhibition, cognitive endophenotypes, genetic susceptibility, cognitive impairment, children, learning difficulties
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child Behavior, Cognition, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Phenotype, Case-Control Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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