The Distribution of Psychiatric and Somatic Ill Health: Associations With Personality and Socioeconomic Status
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric and somatic disorders frequently co-occur in the same individuals. We examined whether this happens because these types of morbidity share risk factors or because they are risk factors for each other. METHODS: Negative binomial regression was used to examine, in a random sample of Dutch adults (N = 7076), cross-sectional associations of sociodemographic and personality variables like income and neuroticism with the presence, over 1 year, of 30 somatic and 13 psychiatric disorders, with the latter diagnosed by structured interview. We examined to what extent the links of these variables with these two morbidity types were independent of each other. RESULTS: This population experienced 5050 somatic and 2438 psychiatric disorders during the preceding year. Subjects reporting more somatic disorders had more psychiatric disorders. Neuroticism, followed closely by low educational attainment, was the strongest correlate of both morbidity types. After adjustment for all other covariates including somatic morbidity, the number of psychiatric diagnoses rose 1.84-fold (95% confidence interval = 1.74-1.94) per standard deviation increase in neuroticism. Likewise, adjusted for all other covariates including psychiatric diagnoses, 1.42 (95% confidence interval = 1.35-1.50) times more somatic disorders were reported per standard deviation increase in neuroticism. CONCLUSIONS: Personal features like neuroticism and low educational attainment are linked with psychiatric and with somatic morbidity. These links are largely independent. Although this study was cross-sectional, the results suggest that these different types of morbidity may have overlapping etiologies. Key words: Comorbidity, multimorbidity coefficient, negative binomial regression, epidemiology, neuroticism, social class.
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Different models may also characterize different personality traits and outcome.
“Different models may also characterize different personality traits and outcome [32, 206–210].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [32]
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- Authors
- Neeleman, J., Ormel, J., & Bijl, R. V.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- ORCID
- Ormel, J.
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 239-247
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2318561591
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 7.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Keywords
- mental illness, somatic diseases, comorbidities, neuroticism, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, income, personality traits, psychosomatic disorders, risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Mental Disorders, Educational Status, Female, Health Status, Humans, Income, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Personality, Personality Inventory, Population Surveillance, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Comorbidity, Incidence, Marital Status
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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