Personality and Medical Illness Burden Among Older Adults in Primary Care

Chapman, Benjamin P.; Lyness, Jeffrey M.; Duberstein, Paul

doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3180313975

Cited by 86Personality Traits and PsychologyChronic Disease Management StrategiesHealth, psychology, and well-being

Personality and Medical Illness Burden Among Older Adults in Primary Care

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Chapman, Benjamin P., Lyness, Jeffrey M., Duberstein, Paul·2007·Psychosomatic Medicine

DOI 10.1097/psy.0b013e3180313975PMC PMC3807736

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between Five Factor Model personality traits (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to experience, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness) and physician-quantified aggregate morbidity in a sample of older adults in primary care. METHODS: A total of 449 primary care patients, ranging in age from 65 to 97 years (75 +/- 6.9 (mean +/- standard deviation)), completed the Neo-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and extensive interviews. A physician-investigator completed the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), a well-validated measure of aggregate morbidity based on a review of medical records. RESULTS: Bivariate analyses demonstrated that all five domains of the NEO-FFI were associated with CIRS scores. Multivariate regression controlling for age, gender, education, depression, smoking, hypertension, total cholesterol, alcohol or substance misuse, and other personality traits showed that greater Conscientiousness was independently associated with lower CIRS scores (beta = -0.10, t(435) = -1.96, p = .05). Other independent predictors of less morbidity were younger age, absence of hypertension, and lower levels of depression. CONCLUSION: Our results point toward the necessity of considering Conscientiousness and other personality traits in studies of risk factors for aggregate morbidity. More detailed characterization of at-risk populations will increase the likelihood of constructing informed and effective prevention, intervention, and policy initiatives.

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Subsequent psychometric work identified subscales reflecting specific constituent traits of each of the Big 5 in the NEO-FFI.
“However, in some cases like the NEO-FFI, subsequent psychometric work identified subscales reflecting specific constituent traits of each of the Big 5 [190, 191] useful in health studies [66, 192].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [192]
Researchers who decompose the Big 5 tend to examine each facet separately, or create linear combinations of facets, in order to isolate personality effects on health.
“Thus, researchers who decompose the Big 5 tend to examine each facet separately, or create linear combinations of facets [63, 192], in order to isolate personality effects on health.”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [192]
One study found that a difference of 1 SD in Conscientiousness and a difference of 8.8 years of age were associated with comparable amounts of physician-assessed medical burden.
“For instance, one study found that a difference of 1 SD in Conscientiousness and a difference of 8.8 years of age were associated with comparable amounts of physician-assessed medical burden as [192].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [192]

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Authors: Chapman, B. P., Lyness, J. M., & Duberstein, P.
Affiliations: University of Rochester Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: Chapman, Benjamin P.
ORCID: Chapman, Benjamin P.
Lyness, Jeffrey M.
Duberstein, Paul
Venue: Psychosomatic Medicine
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2007-04
Volume: 69
Issue: 3
Pages: 277-282
ISSN: 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/psy.0b013e3180313975
PMC: PMC3807736
OpenAlex: W2050252960
Cited by: 86
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 8.37
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh061429-05)
National Institute on Aging (R21AG023956, L30 AG031021)
National Institute of Mental Health (K24MH71509, K24MH072712, R01 MH-61429, R01 MH-061429, K24MH071509, T32MH073452)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Chronic Disease Management Strategies
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
Keywords: personality traits, Big Five personality traits, conscientiousness, neuroticism, older adults, primary care, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale, depression, hypertension
MeSH terms: Affect, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Depression, Disease Susceptibility, Extraversion, Psychological, Female, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertension, Interview, Psychological, Male, Medical Records, Neurotic Disorders, New York, Personality, Personality Inventory, Primary Health Care, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Smoking, Social Behavior, Comorbidity

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Personality and Medical Illness Burden Among Older Adults in Primary Care

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