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Cited by 196Diabetes Management and EducationDiabetes Management and ResearchHealth and Wellbeing Research

Self-efficacy impacts self-care and HbA1c in young adults with Type I diabetes

Johnston-Brooks, Catharine H., Lewis, Megan A., Garg, Satish·2002·Psychosomatic Medicine
DOI 10.1097/00006842-200201000-00007
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The present study examined self-efficacy and self-esteem as basic aspects of the self that influence self-care and physiological outcomes among young adults with Type I diabetes. The two aims of this study were 1) to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal role of the self-variables as they predict self-care and HbA1c and 2) to test whether self-care mediates the association between the self variables and HbA1c using cross-sectional and longitudinal data. METHODS: One hundred ten participants were recruited from a regional diabetes outpatient clinic. Inclusion criteria were age (18-35 years) and duration of diabetes (>1 year before recruitment). Participants were 61% female and 88% white. In addition, the sample had an average annual income between $24,999 and $34,999, and 85% had completed some or all of college. The average duration of diabetes was 15 years. RESULTS: Using multiple regression analyses we found that, compared with self-esteem, self-efficacy was a better predictor of all aspects of self-care and HbA1c in cross-sectional analyses, in addition to diet and exercise self-care, and a better predictor of HbA1c in longitudinal analyses. The data also supported the cross-sectional and longitudinal mediational model in which better self-care helped account for the association between greater self-efficacy and better HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy is an important factor for management of self-care practices and physiological outcomes among young adults with Type I diabetes, and self-care may be an important mechanism by which self-efficacy influences HbA1c levels.

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  • Among people with diabetes, positive psychological attributes like optimism and positive affect correlate with better medical results, such as improved glucose control and reduced mortality.

    “In patients with diabetes, psychological well-being constructs (e.g., optimism, positive affect) have been associated with superior medical outcomes, including better glucose control and lower mortality rates.”

    From Well-being interventions for individuals with diabetes: A systematic review (2019) · cites this paper as [20]

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Authors
Johnston-Brooks, C. H., Lewis, M. A., & Garg, S.
Affiliations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
ORCID
Venue
Psychosomatic Medicine
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2002-01
Volume
64
Issue
1
Pages
43-51
ISSN
0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00006842-200201000-00007
OpenAlex
W2066934020
Cited by
196
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 21
FWCI
1.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
Keywords
self-efficacy, self-care, HbA1c, type 1 diabetes, young adults, self-esteem, glycemic control, mediation
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Care, Self Concept, Self Efficacy

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