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Postprandial hyperlipidemia and remnant lipoproteins.
Abstract
Improved methods for quantification of organ-specific contributions to postprandial hyperlipidemia indicate substantial increases in the concentration and altered properties of hepatogenous VLDL, in addition to accumulation of chylomicron remnants. Recent clinical studies support the hypothesis that small chylomicron remnants characterized by apolipoprotein (apo)B48 and VLDL remnants characterized by apolipoprotein B100 are atherogenic lipoproteins.
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“In contrast, there is no doubt that metabolic products of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are atherogenic (140 -142).”
From Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2012) · cites this paper as [142]
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“Typically, the majority of the hours in the day are spent in the fed state, and most plasma TGs are carried in the TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), chylomicrons, and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles (3, 4).”
BackgroundLipids and lipoproteins as coronary risk factors in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Syvänne, M., & Taskinen, M. (1997) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)90024-6 · Cited by 266
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“A higher RLP-TG/total TG ratio may be associated with an increased risk for CHD [29,58,59,99].”
BackgroundInfluentialSerum triglycerides and risk of cardiovascular disease
Boullart, A. C. I., Graaf, J. D., & Stalenhoef, A. F. H. (2011) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.10.002 · Cited by 159
AHA Science Advisory: Monounsaturated Fatty Acids and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
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“Many of the principle aspects of postprandial lipoprotein metabolism are now well understood and much attention has been directed towards unraveling the relationship of the process with the development of atherosclerosis (1,2,3,4,5).”
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“On the other hand, in the postprandial phase the sudden increase in both apoB48- and apoB-100-containing TRL particles competing for the limited lipoprotein lipase activity and uptake by common hepatic receptors also might saturate the lipolytic capacity for hours [38].”
BackgroundEnhanced peripheral vasodilation in humans after a fatty meal
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“Such meal-induced changes in triglycerides and insulin have been well documented previously (4), while a decrease in HDL-cholesterol can be attributed to increased cholesteryl ester transfer in the postprandial phase (22).”
BackgroundResultChylomicron remnants are increased in the postprandial state in CD36 deficiency
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“It has been hypothesized that atherosclerotic disease can result from postprandial accumulation of remnant particles (45, 46).”
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“Because the rate of return of TRL apo B48 to postabsorptive concentrations is mainly influenced by the clearance of apo B48 particles by receptor-mediated processes (36), the current findings suggest that the clearance of chylomicron remnants is delayed in individuals with an apo E4/3 phenotype consuming a PUFA-rich d…”
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“Similarly, HDL is often [14,25] but not always [26, 27 ] inversely correlated with postprandial lipemia, which is an in vivo measurement of LPL actions.”
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“, apoE, insulin, VLDL synthesis) other than LPL mass alone [36].”
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“It is therefore likely that some metabolic processes from digestion to lipid transport could have been affected, not excluding the possibility of an impairment in the clearance of TRL-remnants through hepatic receptor saturation (40,41).”
BackgroundCircadian variation of postprandial lipemia
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“Zilversmit [7] and Havel [8] suggested that postprandial hyperlipidemia may be the risk factor”
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The close relationship between postprandial remnant metabolism and insulin resistance.
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Development of a Homogeneous Assay to Measure Remnant Lipoprotein Cholesterol
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“Many studies have shown a high correlation between postprandial hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis (4, 5).”
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“Remnant lipoproteins are, however, difficult to detect in human plasma [4], since they are cleared very rapidly from the circulation or are efficiently converted to low-density lipoproteins (LDL).”
BackgroundPostprandial lipid metabolism: an overview
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“hepatogenous VLDL contribute substantially to the increment in the concentration of TRL particles postprandially (Schneeman et al. 1993; Havel, 1994; Bergeron & Havel, 1995, 1996).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationDoes Dietary Cholesterol Matter?
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Measurement of postprandial remnant-like particles (RLPs) following a fat-loading test
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Fasting Serum Apolipoprotein B-48 Can be a Marker of Postprandial Hyperlipidemia
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Postprandial Hyperlipidemia: Its Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Atherogenesis, and Treatments
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“Significant increases in postprandial TRL are known to predict the risk of CAD [9,10], independent of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).”
BackgroundDietary interventions affecting chylomicron and chylomicron remnant clearance
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“Additionally, high-fat meals influence postprandial metabolism by increasing glucose, insulin and TAG concentrations((10,11)).”
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“containing triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins constitute an overwhelming majority of the apo B-containing lipoproteins present in the postprandial state (Karpe et al. 19936, 1995; Schneeman et aE. 1993; Karpe & Hamsten, 1994; Havel, 1994).”
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“Key Words: CETP activity n chylomicrons n VLDL subspecies Several studies have provided data to support the hypothesisthat postprandial hypertriglyceridemia represents an independent risk factor for CAD.1–3 In patients with CAD, postprandial TG levels are higher and remain elevated over a longer period in comparison w…”
BackgroundRole of fibrates in the management of hypertriglyceridemia
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Postprandial elevation of remnant lipoprotein leads to endothelial dysfunction.
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“Although circulating TG have been shown to be associated with a greater risk of CHD [14], it is believed that the atherogenic TRL particles are the cholesterol enriched-remnants [16].”
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“High-fat meals have been shown to increase glucose, insulin ( 11 ), and TG concentrations (11,12), impair (13‐18) or have minimal effect (19) on endothelial function; increase postprandial lipid hydroperoxides (biomarkers of oxidative stress) (20,21); and reduce the time needed to oxidize LDL particles (22).”
BackgroundDisturbed metabolism of remnant lipoproteins in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism
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“Remnant lipoproteins are generated by the hydrolysis of VLDL and CM in the circulation [3], and they are isolated as remnant like particles (RLP) from human plasma [4].”
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“As observed previously in normolipidemic subjects (1), apoB-100 TRL accounted for most of the postprandial increment in TRL particles.”
BackgroundSelf-citationAssociation of serum lipid levels and prostate cancer severity among Hispanic Puerto Rican men
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Metadata
- Authors
- Havel, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Havel, Richard J.
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Lipidology
- Published
- 1994-04
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 102-109
- ISSN
- 0957-9672 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2046776466
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 10.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Lipidology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- postprandial lipemia, remnant lipoproteins, chylomicron remnants, VLDL remnants, apolipoprotein B-48, apolipoprotein B-100, atherogenic lipoproteins, hepatic VLDL secretion
- MeSH terms
- Apolipoproteins B, Chylomicrons, Coronary Disease, Food, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Lipoproteins, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Triglycerides, Apolipoprotein B-48, Apolipoprotein B-100
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