New Clinical Markers Predictive of Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of Inflammatory Mediators
Abstract
Identification of persons at risk for developing cardiovascular disease has focused attention on blood pressure, smoking, and serum cholesterol levels. Modification of these factors has resulted in reduction of overall morbidity and mortality within the population. While significant, these risk factors do not predict all cardiovascular events, because the causes of cardiovascular disease are multifactorial and the risk associated with any given factor is compounded by the presence of other risk factors. Additional risk factors that may also identify risk for cardiovascular disease may include inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, cell adhesion molecules, and fibrinogen. Although additional studies are needed to establish the clinical utility of these markers, they may improve the identification and assessment of patients at risk for future cardiovascular events.
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Endothelial dysfunction, nitrotyrosine, C-reactive protein, IL-6, and ICAM-1 each independently predict cardiovascular disease.
“It is noteworthy that all the studied parameters-endothelial dysfunction, 49 NT, 50 C-reactive protein, 51 IL-6, 51 and ICAM-1 51 -have been shown to be independent predictors of CVD.”
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- Authors
- Rackley, C. E.
- Affiliations
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rackley, Charles E.
- Venue
- Cardiology in Review
- Published
- 2004-05
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 151-157
- ISSN
- 1061-5377 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2101669182
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cardiology in Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, clinical biomarkers, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, adhesion molecules, fibrinogen, inflammation, risk prediction
- MeSH terms
- C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Fibrinogen, Humans, Peroxidase, Predictive Value of Tests, Biomarkers, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Interleukin-6, Risk Assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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