Plasma concentration of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and risks of future myocardial infarction in apparently healthy men
Abstract
Background The intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1 mediates adhesion and transmigration of leucocytes to the vascular endothelial wall, a step proposed to be critical in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Whether concentrations of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) are raised in apparently healthy individuals who later suffer acute myocardial infarction is unknown.Methods We obtained baseline plasma samples from a prospective cohort of 14,916 healthy men enrolled in the Physicians' Health Study. With a nested case-control design, we measured sICAM-1 concentrations for 474 participants who developed a first myocardial infarction, and 474 controls (participants who remained healthy throughout the 9-year follow-up). Cases were matched to controls according to age and smoking status at the time of myocardial infarction.Findings We found a significant association between increasing concentration of sICAM-1 and risk of future myocardial infarction (p = 0.003), especially among participants with baseline sICAM-1 concentrations in the highest quartile (> 260 ng/mL; relative risk 1.6 [95% Cl 1.1-2.4], p = 0.02). This association was present overall as well as among non-smokers, and persisted after control for lipid and non-lipid risk factors. In multivariate analyses, the risk of future myocardial infarction was 80% higher for participants with baseline sICAM-1 concentrations in the highest quartile (relative risk 1.8 [1.1-2.8], p = 0.02). Similar risk estimates were seen among non-smokers. We found slight but significant correlations between sICAM-1 and fibrinogen, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine, triglycerides, tissue-type plasminogen-activator antigen, and C-relative protein, but adjustment for these altered the risk little. The risk of myocardial infarction associated with raised concentrations of sICAM-1 seemed to increase with length of follow-up.Interpretation Our data support the hypothesis that cellular mediators of inflammation have a role in atherogenesis and provide a clinical basis to consider antiadhesion therapies as a novel means of cardiovascular disease prevention.
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sICAM-1 has been shown to be associated with increased risk of future nonfatal cardiovascular events and incident diabetes.
“sICAM-1 has been shown to be associated with increased risk of future nonfatal cardiovascular events and incident diabetes. 37,38”
From Comprehensive Long-Term Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers With Tirzepatide (2026) · cites this paper as [37]
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“Finally, plasma concentration of sICAM-1 has been shown to provide unique predictive value for the risk of myocardial infarction (MIM 608446), ischemic stroke (MIM 601367), peripheral arterial disease (MIM 606787) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (MIM 125853) in epidemiological studies [5–7].”
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“Circulating soluble adhesion molecules are valuable markers of atherosclerosis, and particularly the elevated sICAM levels were found to be associated with increased risk of future myocardial infarction in healthy men (26).”
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“Moreover, the circulating ICAM-1 level may indicate a risk of future myocardial infarction, suggesting that antiadhesion therapies can be considered as a novel therapeutic means of cardiovascular disease (26).”
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Evaluating Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Can We Better Predict Heart Attacks?
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Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids
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“Prospective data further indicate that sICAM and IL-6, directly implicated in atherosclerotic disease processes, predict risk for myocardial infarction independent of cholesterol levels, smoking status, and obesity (53,54).”
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BackgroundCirculating markers of endothelial function in cardiovascular disease
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“That the plasma concentration of the soluble form of at least one cellular adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule type-1 (sICAM-1), is in fact elevated several years before the occurrence of clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease was recently demonstrated in two prospective epidemiological stud…”
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“Although high concentrations of some soluble cellular adhesion molecules are associated with an increased risk of vascular events [21–23], no data are available on clinical conditions or interventions associated with reduced levels of these molecules.”
BackgroundAnticytokine Agents: Targeting Interleukin Signaling Pathways for the Treatment of Atherothrombosis
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“Soluble forms of cellular adhesion molecules found in plasma are considered an index of endothelial activation and even a molecular marker of early atherosclerosis.(26)”
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Increased levels of circulating ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and L-selectin in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
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“Moreover, the circulating ICAM-1 level may indicate a risk of future myocardial infarction, suggesting that antiadhesion therapies can be considered as a novel therapeutic means to treat cardiovascular disease (22).”
BackgroundRohde, L. E. P., Lee, R. T., Rivero, J., Jamacochian, M., Arroyo, L. H., Briggs, W. H., Rifai, N., Libby, P., Creager, M. A., & Ridker, P. M. (1998) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.18.11.1765 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
“Finally, prospective data from a large cohort of apparently healthy men indicate that elevated baseline levels of sICAM-1 are associated with increased future myocardial infarction.(30) Circulating levels of VCAM-1 have been associated with the extent of clinical atherosclerosis as measured angiographically in patient…”
BackgroundInflammatory Markers of Coronary Risk
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“All these molecules have been found to predict cardiovascular disease (27) and to be associated with cardiovascular events (28, 29).”
BackgroundTotal homocysteine and cardiovascular disease
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“sICAM-1 concentration was shown to be an independent predictor of coronary heart disease [7,8].”
BackgroundBeyond High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels
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“Expression of adhesion molecules represents a ynamic process, activated by inflammatory cytokines (53) nd vascular injury (54) and up-regulated in atherosclerosis n both animals (55) and humans (56,57).”
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PREMATURE ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
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Coronary heart disease risk: Low-density lipoprotein and beyond
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The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease
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High-Density Lipoprotein and Coronary Heart Disease
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Circulating Adhesion Molecules in Humans
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“Moreover, in the Physician’s Health Study, high plasma levels of soluble ICAM were associated with a risk of future myocardial infarction, although this was not true of soluble VCAM1 levels.(72,73) C-reactive protein, a protein found in plasma that rises in response to inflammation, is an independent predictor of abno…”
Background
- Authors
- Ridker, P. M., Hennekens, C. H., Roitman-Johnson, B., Stampfer, M. J., & Allen, J.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- R&D Systems (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ridker, Paul M
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-01
- Volume
- 351
- Issue
- 9096
- Pages
- 88-92
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2138809584
- Cited by
- 1,229
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 26.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
- Keywords
- soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, sICAM-1, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, inflammation, endothelial cell adhesion, anti-adhesion therapy, cardiovascular risk, fibrinogen, homocysteine, tissue plasminogen activator, C-reactive protein, healthy men, Physicians' Health Study
- MeSH terms
- Antioxidants, Arteriosclerosis, Aspirin, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Multivariate Analysis, Case-Control Studies, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, beta Carotene
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