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Cited by 22Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsPituitary Gland Disorders and TreatmentsTraumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances

Neuroendocrine consequences of traumatic brain injury

Munoz, Alejandro, Urban, Randall·2013·Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity
DOI 10.1097/med.0b013e32836318ba
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Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article attempts to summarize findings of recent publications addressing the prevalence, effects, and treatment of pituitary hormone deficiency following traumatic brain injury (TBI). RECENT FINDINGS: A number of recent studies of TBI victims offer larger samples and much longer follow-up times. However, the prevalence of pituitary hormone deficiency continues to vary widely, underscoring the influence of patient selection, differences in endocrine testing, and patient's comorbidities and age. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) continues to be the most frequently detected type of pituitary dysfunction. Several reports show the influence of GHD on functional outcomes of TBI victims beyond what is predicted by trauma severity. Emerging data support the notion growth hormone (GH) replacement as a useful intervention to improve symptomatology and functional outcomes among adequately selected GH-deficient patients recovering from TBI. SUMMARY: Pituitary dysfunction is prevalent following TBI. Pituitary dysfunction seems to influence functional outcomes in some patients recovering from brain injury. Adequately selected patients could benefit from hormonal replacement.

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25 of 25 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • GHD may explain common complaints reported by recovering individuals including fatigue and cognitive challenges.

    “Thus, GHD may explain common complaints reported by recovering individuals including fatigue and cognitive challenges [15].”

    From Update of Endocrine Dysfunction following Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (2015) · cites this paper as [15]

  • Disturbances of attention, memory, and executive functioning are the most common neurocognitive consequences associated with diffuse axonal injury.

    “Disturbances of attention, memory, and executive functioning are the most common neurocognitive consequences associated with this process [14,15].”

    From Update of Endocrine Dysfunction following Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (2015) · cites this paper as [15]

  • In studies of endocrine deficiencies following TBI in adults, patient selection and dissimilar methodologies accounted for variations in overall prevalence and influenced the incidence of abnormality detected.

    “In studies of endocrine deficiencies following TBI in adults, patient selection and dissimilar methodologies accounted for variations in overall prevalence and influenced the incidence of abnormality detected [15,22].”

    From Update of Endocrine Dysfunction following Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (2015) · cites this paper as [15]

  • Gonadal axis dysfunction ranged from 4%-37% with follow up after injury varying from less than one year to 12 years.

    “Gonadal axis dysfunction ranged from 4%–37% with follow up after injury varying from less than one year to 12 years [15].”

    From Update of Endocrine Dysfunction following Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (2015) · cites this paper as [15]

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Authors
Munoz, A., & Urban, R.
Affiliations
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
Corresponding author
Urban, Randall
ORCID
Urban, Randall
Venue
Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2013-08
Volume
20
Issue
4
Pages
354-358
ISSN
1752-296X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/med.0b013e32836318ba
OpenAlex
W2328465796
Cited by
22
References
25
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
2.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Keywords
traumatic brain injury, pituitary hormone deficiency, growth hormone deficiency, growth hormone replacement therapy, neuroendocrine dysfunction, functional outcome, endocrine testing
MeSH terms
Brain Injuries, Humans, Neurosecretory Systems, Pituitary Diseases, Prevalence, Human Growth Hormone, Hormone Replacement Therapy

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