Guidelines for designing and evaluating feasibility pilot studies

Teresi, Jeanne A.; Yu, Xiaoying; Stewart, Anita L.; Hays, Ron D.

doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000001664

Cited by 734Statistical Methods in Clinical TrialsMeta-analysis and systematic reviewsHealth Policy Implementation Science

Guidelines for designing and evaluating feasibility pilot studies

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Teresi, Jeanne A., Yu, Xiaoying, Stewart, Anita L., Hays, Ron D.·2022·Medical Care

DOI 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001664PMC PMC8849521

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pilot studies test the feasibility of methods and procedures to be used in larger-scale studies. Although numerous articles describe guidelines for the conduct of pilot studies, few have included specific feasibility indicators or strategies for evaluating multiple aspects of feasibility. In addition, using pilot studies to estimate effect sizes to plan sample sizes for subsequent randomized controlled trials has been challenged; however, there has been little consensus on alternative strategies. METHODS: In Section 1, specific indicators (recruitment, retention, intervention fidelity, acceptability, adherence, and engagement) are presented for feasibility assessment of data collection methods and intervention implementation. Section 1 also highlights the importance of examining feasibility when adapting an intervention tested in mainstream populations to a new more diverse group. In Section 2, statistical and design issues are presented, including sample sizes for pilot studies, estimates of minimally important differences, design effects, confidence intervals (CI) and nonparametric statistics. An in-depth treatment of the limits of effect size estimation as well as process variables is presented. Tables showing CI around parameters are provided. With small samples, effect size, completion and adherence rate estimates will have large CI. CONCLUSION: This commentary offers examples of indicators for evaluating feasibility, and of the limits of effect size estimation in pilot studies. As demonstrated, most pilot studies should not be used to estimate effect sizes, provide power calculations for statistical tests or perform exploratory analyses of efficacy. It is hoped that these guidelines will be useful to those planning pilot/feasibility studies before a larger-scale study.

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The sample size of the present study falls within the range recommended for pilot studies.
“However, the sample size of the present study falls within the range recommended for pilot studies (Lancaster et al., 2004; Teresi et al., 2022).”
From Evaluation of effectiveness and acceptability of a psychological treatment for smoking cessation combined with a smartphone App: A pilot study (2024) · cites this paper as Teresi et al., 2022
The ‘Sample Sizes for Pilot Feasibility Studies’ section gives conditional guidance: 30 per group may be adequate for quantitative feasibility studies, while some estimation goals may require 70–100 per group. It does not specify a single recommended range or establish that the citing study’s sample size fits the guidance; that depends on the study’s size and aims. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The study aimed to recruit 80 participants to allow a 25% attrition rate and a final sample of 40 participants, appropriate for pilot feasibility studies.
“The study aimed to recruit 80 participants to allow a 25% attrition rate and a final sample of 40 participants, appropriate for pilot feasibility studies (Creswell & Creswell, 2022; Teresi et al., 2022).”
From Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Tele-Counselling Program With Care Partners of Persons Living With Dementia: A Pilot Feasibility RCT. (2026) · cites this paper as Teresi et al., 2022
The ‘Sample Sizes for Pilot Feasibility Studies’ section says sample size depends on the feasibility goals and that 30 participants per group may be adequate for some quantitative studies. It does not establish that a final sample of 40 is appropriate for this particular study; the recruitment and attrition figures describe the citing authors’ own plan, not a finding attributed to Teresi et al. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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How we design feasibility studies
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Kupcu, C., Bodur, G., Küçükkaya, A., & Göktaş, P. (2024) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2024.104179 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Digital Home-Based Self-Monitoring System for People with Heart Failure: Protocol for Development of SmartHeart and Evaluation of Feasibility and Acceptability
Maddison, R., Nourse, R. A., Daryabeygi‐Khotbehsara, R., Tegegne, T. K., Jansons, P., Rawstorn, J. C., Atherton, J. J., Driscoll, A. L., Oldenburg, B. F., Vasa, R., et al. (2025) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/62964 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Real‐World Effectiveness and Safety of JAK Inhibitors in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Kim, Y., Seo, G., Koopman, J. J. E., & Yee, J. (2025) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/cea.70125 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Psychoeducational group interventions for adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: a scoping review of feasibility, acceptability, and outcome measures
Skliarova, T., Pedersen, H., Holsbrekken, Å., Pedersen, S. A., Mandal, A., Cuevas, C. D. L., Havnen, A., Gråwe, R. W., & Lara‐Cabrera, M. L. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05908-8 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A pilot study of a new app based on self-compassion for the prevention and promotion of mental health among Brazilian college students
Schaab, B. L., Cunha, L. F., Silveira, D. C., da Silva, P. C., Ballejos, K. G., Diaz, G. B., Kaiser, V., Calvetti, P. Ü., Cazella, S. C., Barros, H. M. T., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1414948 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Feasibility of a digital palliative care intervention (Convoy-Pal) for older adults with heart failure and multiple chronic conditions and their caregivers: a waitlist randomized control trial
DeGroot, L. G., Gillette, R. A., Villalobos, J. P., Harger, G., Doyle, D. T., Bull, S. S., Bekelman, D. B., Boxer, R. S., Kutner, J. S., & Portz, J. D. (2024) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-024-01561-w · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Evaluation of a Guided Chatbot Intervention for Young People in Jordan: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
de Graaff, A. M., Habashneh, R., Fanatseh, S., Keyan, D., Akhtar, A., Abualhaija, A., Faroun, M., Aqel, I. S., Dardas, L. A., Servili, C., et al. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/63515 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Making trauma ecological momentary assessment studies FAIR: review of design considerations and data procedures
Hruska, B. J., Piccirillo, M. L., Lenferink, L. I. M., Pacella‐LaBarbara, M. L., Contractor, A. A., Price, M., & Greene, T. (2025) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2025.2477423 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Feasibility and acceptability of a personalized, pre-filled online grocery cart to improve benefit redemption and diet quality of grocery purchases among participants of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
Herrera, Y. M., Vadiveloo, M. K., Blau, S., Oaks, B. M., Quashie, N. T., & Tovar, A. (2024) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2024.107647 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Outcomes of a peer-led navigation program, PARTNER-MH, for racially minoritized Veterans receiving mental health services: a pilot randomized controlled trial to assess feasibility and acceptability
Eliacin, J., Burgess, D. J., Rollins, A. L., Patterson, S. M., Damush, T. M., Bair, M. J., Salyers, M. P., Spoont, M. R., Chinman, M., Slaven, J. E., et al. (2023) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/tbm/ibad027 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Combined Photodynamic Therapy and Chemotherapy Using Local Intra-Arterial Intratumoral Administration of Chlorin e6 and Cisplatin: First Clinical Observations
Efendiev, K. T., Shiryaev, A., Rakhmanova, A., Pisareva, T., Mamedova, A., Ивановна, С. С., Reshetov, I. V., Skobeltsin, A., Krivetskaya, A. A., Ryabova, A. V., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26178640 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The implementation and evaluation of a family‐led novel intervention for delirium prevention and management in adult critically ill patients: A mixed‐methods pilot study
Johnson, G. U., Towell‐Barnard, A., McLean, C., & Ewens, B. A. (2024) · Nursing in Critical Care · doi:10.1111/nicc.13210 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Pedestrian Perceptions of Sidewalk Paving Attributes: Insights from a Pilot Study in Braga
da Fonseca, F. P., Rodrigues, A., & da Silva, H. M. R. D. (2025) · Infrastructures · doi:10.3390/infrastructures10040079 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Empowering Patients and Caregivers to Use Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision for Wound Monitoring: Nonrandomized, Single-Arm Feasibility Study
Raizman, R., Ramírez-GarcíaLuna, J. L., Newaz, T., Wang, S. C., Berry, G. K., Kong, L. Y., Mohammed, H. T., & Fraser, R. D. J. (2025) · Journal of Participatory Medicine · doi:10.2196/69470 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A multi-site pilot study of a parent-centered tool to promote shared decision-making in hypospadias care
Binion, K., Rode, A. U., Nortey, G., Miller, A., Misseri, R., Kaefer, M. A., Ross, S. S., Preisser, J. S., Hu, D., & Chan, K. H. (2023) · Journal of Pediatric Urology · doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.01.018 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
MASI, a Smartphone App to Improve Treatment Adherence Among South African Adolescents and Young Adults With HIV: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Mulawa, M. I., Hoare, J., Knippler, E. T., Mtukushe, B., Matiwane, M., Muessig, K. E., Al-Mujtaba, M., Wilkinson, T. H., Platt, A. C., Egger, J. R., et al. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/47137 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Walking and Social Reminiscence in Gentrifying Neighborhoods: Feasibility and Impact on Cognitive, Physical, and Mental Health Among Older Black Adults in the SHARP Study
Croff, R. L., Aron, S., Wachana, A., Fuller, P., Mattek, N., Towns, J., & Kaye, J. A. (2024) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnae019 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Online Travel Reviews and Tourist Destination Choices: An Extension of the Information Adoption Model
Islam, M. T., Herjanto, H., Kumar, J., & Amin, M. (2025) · Tourism Review International · doi:10.3727/194344225x17315216888907 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Feasibility Meets Implementation Science: Narrowing the Research-To-Practice Gap for Exercise Activity in Multiple Sclerosis
Smith, J. A., van der Groen, O., & Learmonth, Y. C. (2023) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069231180162 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Implementation of hospital-based sickle cell newborn screening and follow-up programs in Haiti
Alvarez, O. A., Dély, N. S. V., Hanna, M. P., Fleur, R. S., Cetoute, M., Metalonis, S. W., Hustace, T., Brown, E. C., Marcelin, L. H., Muscadin, E., et al. (2023) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010104 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
A quasi-experimental mixed-method pilot study to check the efficacy of the “SOUND” active and passive music-based intervention on mental wellbeing and residual cognition of older people with dementia and dementia professionals’ burnout: a research protocol
Santini, S., Merizzi, A., Caciula, I., Azevedo, M. J., Hera, A., Napradean, L., Rosa, M. D., & Quattrini, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1327272 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School
Watkins, J. M., Goss, J. M., Major, M. G., Kwaiser, M. M., Medellin, A. M., Hobson, J. M., Kercher, V. M. M., & Kercher, K. A. (2024) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph21070913 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Feasibility of the Understanding and Managing Adult ADHD Programme: Open-access online group psychoeducation and acceptance and commitment therapy for adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Seery, C., Leonard-Curtin, A., Naismith, L., King, N., O'Donnell, F., Byrne, B., Boyd, C., Kilbride, K., Wrigley, M., McHugh, L., et al. (2024) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2024.743 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Development and Psychometric Validation of the Breast Cancer Stigma Assessment Scale for Women with Breast Cancer and Its Survivors
Cenit-García, J., Buendia-Gilabert, C., Contreras-Molina, C., Puente‐Fernández, D., Castillo, R. F., & García‐Caro, M. P. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12040420 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Academic autonomy as driving change: Investigating its effect on strategy development and university performance
Gharsi, A. Y. A., Belhaj, F. A., & Nirmala, R. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29536 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The impact of restaurant safety measures on customer revisit intentions in the post-covid era
Kumar, J., Islam, M. T., Mehmood, W., & Sangaran, G. (2024) · Journal of Foodservice Business Research · doi:10.1080/15378020.2024.2423108 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Feasibility of a virtual multimodal prehabilitation intervention for patients with cancer undergoing surgery
Moyen, A., Keane, C., Chen, Y., Tahasildar, B., Lambert, G., Drummond, K., Carli, F., & Gillis, C. (2025) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.024 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Development and Pilot Implementation of a Theory-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation Protocol for Adults With Chronic Cognitive Complaints After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Turkstra, L. S., Ray, M. R., LeBlanc, M., Lu, L. H., Curtiss, G., Bowles, A. O., Eapen, B. C., & Cooper, D. B. (2025) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2024_ajslp-24-00306 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Internet-based group compassion-focused therapy for Swedish young people with stress, anxiety and depression: a pilot waitlist randomized controlled trial
Vestin, M., Wallin, L., Naesström, M., Blomqvist, I., Svedin, C. G., Beaumont, E., Jokinen, J., & Dennhag, I. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1547046 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Virtual patient simulation to enhance medical students’ clinical communication and decision-making skills: a pilot study
Dávidovics, A., Dávidovics, K., Hillebrand, P., Rendeki, S., & Németh, T. (2025) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-025-08507-7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
A pilot randomised controlled trial exploring the feasibility and efficacy of a human-AI sleep coaching model for improving sleep among university students
Liu, J., Ito, S., Ngo, T. M., Lawate, A., Ong, Q. C., Fox, T. E., Chang, S. Y., Phung, D., Nair, E., Palaiyan, M., et al. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076241241244 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Changing an exercise behaviour for physically inactive patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy- the critical role of nurse support: An implementation study
Gyldenvang, H. H., Piil, K., Dahl, T. H., Paulsen, T. G., Finecke, C. E. C. V. B., Mathiesen, U. B., Møller, T., & Andersen, C. (2025) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2025.102807 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Online Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Subacute Pain After Total Hip or Knee Replacement: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Martorella, G., Hanley, A. W., Tong, H., Miao, H., Worts, P. R., Bellamy, D., & Ahn, H. B. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02329-2 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Combined therapy with glibenclamide and ultralente insulin in lean patients with NIDDM with secondary failure of sulfonylureas. Follow up at two years.
Pontiroli, A. E., Dino, G. D., Capra, F., & Pozza, G. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Lessons in Affect Regulation to Keep Stress and Pain UndeR control (LARKSPUR): Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial to Increase Positive Affect in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with FibromyalgiaPreprint
Ong, A. D., Moskowitz, J. T., Wethington, E., Addington, E. L., Sanni, M. O., Goktas, S., Sluys, E., Swong, S., Kim, P., & Reid, M. C. (2022) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2022.106880 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Clarifying the Importance of Pilot Studies
Morin, K. H. (2023) · Journal of Nursing Education · doi:10.3928/01484834-20230712-03 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Partner-Involved Financial Incentives for Smoking Cessation in Dual-Smoker Couples: A Randomized Pilot Trial
vanDellen, M. R., Wright, J. W. C., Zhao, B., Cullinan, C. A., Beach, S. R. H., Shen, Y., Haskins, L. B., Schiavone, W. M., & MacKillop, J. M. (2023) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntad183 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Tailored videoconferencing counselling program to support family carers of people living with dementia during the transition to permanent residential care: a pilot and feasibility randomised trial
Brooks, D., Wyles, K., Pachana, N. A., Beattie, E., & Gaugler, J. E. (2024) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-024-04907-4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Pilot randomised controlled trial on the feasibility and intervention satisfaction with an educational group programme for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their caregivers
Skliarova, T., Gråwe, R., Vaag, J., Mandahl, A., Kolltveit, I., Løvås, I., Torgersen, T., & Lara-Cabrera, M. (2025) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-025-06570-4 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Methodological challenges in pilot trials of herbal medicine: barriers to evidence-based practice
Li, Y., Xu, Z., Du, P., Gao, J., Wang, S., Pang, X., Ren, C., Liu, Y., & Zhang, C. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2025.111754 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Assessing the impact of a self-guided digital intervention for fear of cancer recurrence (iConquerFear) in ovarian cancer survivors: a pilot randomised waitlist-controlled trial
Wu, V. S., Smith, A. B., Russell, H., Bamgboje‐Ayodele, A., Beatty, L., Pearce, A. M., Dhillon, H. M., Shaw, J., Antony, J., Fardell, J. E., et al. (2025) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-025-13639-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Increasing Uptake of Lung Cancer Screening Among Emergency Department Patients: A Pilot Study
Adler, D. H., Wood, N. E., Fiscella, K. A., Rivera, M. P., Hernandez‐Romero, B., Chamberlin, S., & Abar, B. W. (2024) · Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2024.03.034 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Evaluation of the Oral Health Education for Nurses and Community Health Workers (Project OHE-NCHeW) in Nigeria
Oladayo, A., Lawal, F. B., Sofola, O. O., Uti, O. G., Oyapero, A., Aborisade, A., Olujitan, M., Fagbule, O. F., Williams, A. T., Dedeke, A., et al. (2025) · International Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.100891 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Implementation resources to support teachers’ use of behavioral classroom interventions: protocol of a randomized pilot trial
Lawson, G. M., Owens, J. S., Mandell, D. S., Tavlin, S., Rufe, S. A., Lyon, A. R., Eiraldi, R. B., & Power, T. J. (2023) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-023-01381-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Feasibility interventional study investigating PAIN in neurorehabilitation through wearabLE SensorS (PAINLESS): a study protocol
Moscato, S., Orlandi, S., Gregorio, F. D., Lullini, G., Pozzi, S., Sabattini, L., Chiari, L., & Porta, F. L. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073534 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Evaluation of effectiveness and acceptability of a psychological treatment for smoking cessation combined with a smartphone App: A pilot study
Barroso-Hurtado, M., López-Durán, A., Martínez-Vispo, C., Suárez-Castro, D., & Becoña, E. (2024) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2024.100737 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Pilot randomized controlled trial of MINDful TIME, a novel telehealth mindfulness-based intervention for autistic adolescents and their caregivers.
Matthews, N. L., Mitchell, M. M., Honda, H., Malligo, A., Boyd, S., Pagni, B. A., & Blair Braden, B. (2025) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613251328484 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based Lifestyle Counselling Program for people with early psychosis on physical activity: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Chong, Y. Y., Chien, W. T., Mou, H., Ip, C. K., & Bressington, D. T. (2024) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.007 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The Feasibility of Personalized Endpoints in Assessing Treatment Outcomes for Rare Diseases: A Pilot Study of Goal Attainment Scaling in SCN2A-Associated Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathy
Sevinc, G., Knox, K., George, M., Evans, L. M., Kaiser, A. J. E., Paltell, K. C., Myers, L. S., Ludwig, N. N., Wojnaroski, M., Conecker, G., et al. (2024) · Value in Health · doi:10.1016/j.jval.2024.12.004 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Satisfaction, user experiences, and initial efficacy of a technology-supported self-management intervention (iSMART) to improve post-stroke functioning: a remoted randomized controlled trial
Lei, Y., Li, Z., Bui, Q. V. P., DePaul, O., Nicol, G. E., Mohr, D. C., Fong, M. W. M., Metts, C. L., Lee, S. I., Tomazin, S. E., et al. (2025) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/10749357.2025.2450950 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A pilot randomized controlled double-blind trial of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to improve memory in mild cognitive impairment (MCI): a study protocol
Lapid, M. I., Pagali, S. R., Basso, M. R., Croarkin, P. E., Geske, J. R., Huston, J., Islam, K., Joseph, B., Kennebeck, W. W., Kang, D., et al. (2025) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-025-01625-5 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
DigiBete, a Novel Chatbot to Support Transition to Adult Care of Young People/Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Outcomes From a Prospective, Multimethod, Nonrandomized Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Swallow, V. M., Horsman, J. M., Mazlan, E., Campbell, F., Zaidi, R., Julian, M., Branchflower, J., Martin-Kerry, J., Monks, H., Soni, A., et al. (2025) · JMIR Diabetes · doi:10.2196/74032 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Efficacy of Virtual Reality-Based EEG Neurofeedback in Health-Related Symptoms Relief: A Systematic Review
Castanho, L., Martinho, D. V., Saial, A. C., de Gouveia, B. R. F. O., Gouveia, É. R., & Ribeiro, F. (2025) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-025-09730-0 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Safety of 12‐Months Administration of Ashwagandha ( Withania somnifera ) Standardized Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Prospective, Observational Study
Salve, J., Kale, S., Prajapati, B. L., Sparavigna, A., Savant, M., Ademola, J., & Langade, D. (2025) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.70096 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Protocol for a community-based digital storytelling pilot intervention to reduce Hispanic parents’ vaccine hesitancy to immunize their children against COVID-19
Koskan, A. M., Larkey, L., Todd, M. W., & Kim, S. W. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299787 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Feasibility study of a multimodal prehabilitation programme in women receiving neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer in a major cancer hospital: a protocol
Grant, S. J., Kay, S., Lacey, J., Kumar, S. S., Kerin‐Ayres, K., Stehn, J. R., Gonzalez, M., Templeton, S., Heller, G. Z., Cockburn, J., et al. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080239 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Study protocol for a pilot quasi-experimental study on oral health education for nurses and community health workers in Nigeria
Oladayo, A., Lawal, F. B., Sofola, O. O., Uti, O. G., Oyapero, A., Aborisade, A., Stewart, B., Daep, C. A., Hines, D., Beard, J., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1398869 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Exploring the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a real-time cardiac telerehabilitation and tele coaching programme using wearable devices in people with a recent myocardial infarction
Mitropoulos, A., Anifanti, M., Koukouvou, G., Ntovoli, A., Alexandris, K., & Kouidi, E. J. (2024) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-024-00992-5 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A mobile health + health coaching application for the management of chronic non-cancer pain in older adults: Results from a pilot randomized controlled study
Kaul, U., Scher, C. J., Henderson, C., Kim, P., Dyhrberg, M., Rudin, V., Lytle, M., Bundy, N., & Reid, M. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Pain Research · doi:10.3389/fpain.2022.921428 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Virtual Reality as an Innovative Tool for Youth Mental Health
Blondell, V. J., & Thomson, N. D. (2025) · Encyclopedia · doi:10.3390/encyclopedia5040215 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Use of a mobile application to monitor drain sites and surgical wounds after discharge from acute care - A feasibility study in Singapore
Chua, S. H., Rajasegeran, D. D., Gunasegaran, N., Fan, P. E. M., Mei, D., Oo, F. A., Nagalingam, S., Lee, T. T., Ng, L. J. K., Yong, S. L. B., et al. (2024) · Journal of Tissue Viability · doi:10.1016/j.jtv.2024.05.011 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
School-Based Virtual Reality Programming for Obtaining Moderate-Intensity Exercise Among Children With Disabilities: Pre-Post Feasibility Study
Lai, B. W., Wright, A., Hutchinson, B., Bright, L., Young, R., Davis, D., Malik, S. A., Rimmer, J. H., & Pelham High Community Engagement Group (2025) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/65801 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
RETRACTED: Developing a Culturally and Methodologically Adapted Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy Protocol for Major Depressive Disorder in Pakistan
Khan, A., & Madihie, A. (2025) · Journal of EMDR Practice and Research · doi:10.34133/jemdr.0005 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Retracted
The effect of community health nurse-led multi-faceted group-based frailty prevention program for older adults: a multi-site pretest-posttest design
Kang, G., Ji, H., & Yoon, J. Y. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-03372-7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Feasibility of IMU-Based Wearable Sonification: Toward Personalized, Real-Time Gait Monitoring and Rehabilitation
Pang, T. Y., Cheng, C., Feltham, F. G., Rahman, A., McCarney, L., & Rodriguez, C. Q. (2025) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios15100698 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
High-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training are effective, feasible, and safe for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): A systematic review and meta-analysis
Wang, B., Zeng, X., Deng, H., Qiu, B., Xu, K., Tao, M., Zhang, Y., Zheng, H., Xu, Q., Li, S., et al. (2026) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156677 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Exercise therapy, education, and cognitive behavioral therapy alone, or in combination with total knee arthroplasty, in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized feasibility study
Rognsvåg, T., Bergvad, I. B., Furnes, O. N., Indrekvam, K., Lerdal, A., Lindberg, M. F., Skou, S. T., Stubberud, J., & Badawy, M. (2024) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-024-01470-y · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Exploring the Feasibility and Acceptability of Telehealth Qi Gong Shared Medical Appointments: A Novel Approach to Expand Access
Loy, M. H., & Fatato, T. (2024) · Global Advances in Integrative Medicine and Health · doi:10.1177/27536130241283789 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Acculturation, Values, and Acculturative Stress for Autistic Latino Emerging Adults and Spanish-speaking Parents Participating in the ¡Iniciando! la Adultez Program
Pagán, A. F., Ortiz, M., Bernal, E., Loveland, K. A., Esparza, A., Montiel‐Nava, C., & Acierno, R. E. (2025) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-025-10008-w · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Assessing the impact of the skin cancer awareness now (SCAN!) intervention several months following the intervention
Dhumal, T., Scott, V., Powers, R. L., & Kelly, K. M. (2023) · Journal of the American Pharmacists Association · doi:10.1016/j.japh.2023.09.004 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Connected We St@nd programme: A feasibility pilot study of an online self‐management intervention for adults on in‐centre haemodialysis and family caregivers
Sousa, H., Ribeiro, Ó. M., Bártolo, A., Costa, E. M., Ribeiro, F., Rodrigues, M., Paúl, C., & de Figueiredo, D. M. P. (2024) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12715 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Mindfulness in the Clinic Waiting Room May Decrease Pain: Results from Three Pilot Randomized Controlled Trials
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Authors: Teresi, J. A., Yu, X., Stewart, A. L., & Hays, R. D.
Affiliations: Hebrew Home (US)
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
University of California, San Francisco (US)
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author: Teresi, Jeanne A.
ORCID: Hays, Ron D.
Venue: Medical Care
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2021-11-23
Volume: 60
Issue: 1
Pages: 95-103
ISSN: 0025-7079 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001664
PMC: PMC8849521
OpenAlex: W3215891836
Cited by: 734
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 280 · 2025: 279 · 2024: 141 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 7
FWCI: 32.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Medical Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (2p30ag028741-16)
University of California, San Francisco
National Institute on Aging (P30‐AG028741, P30AG059303, P30AG059301, P30AG021684, P30AG015272, P30AG022845)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K12HD052023)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
Keywords: effect size estimation, sample size determination, randomized controlled trials, recruitment and retention, intervention fidelity, treatment acceptability, adherence, participant engagement, intervention adaptation, minimally important difference, confidence intervals, nonparametric statistics, design effect
MeSH terms: Feasibility Studies, Humans, Pilot Projects, Research Design, Guidelines as Topic

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