Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Suicide: A Community-Based Integrated Screening Samples Cohort Study
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is reportedly associated with mental disorders that are known to increase the risk of suicide. However, it is not known whether this association is independent of other risk indicators of suicide. This study therefore investigated whether metabolic abnormalities increase the risk of suicide during a 10-year follow-up period. METHODS: This prospective study enrolled participants from a community-based integrated screening samples cohort in Taiwan. Of the 76,297 people recruited for this study, 12,094 had MetS at baseline. The independent variables were MetS and its components such as high blood pressure and high blood lipid levels. The outcome was death from suicide (n = 146). RESULTS: MetS was associated with an increased risk of suicide risk by 16% per MetS component (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1%-33%), adjusting for demographics, life-style factors, and clinical correlates. Of the five MetS components, elevated blood pressure was independently associated with suicide-related mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.03-2.15). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis of community-based longitudinal data showed that MetS and its components, particularly elevated blood pressure, correlated positively with suicide risk after controlling other factors. Therefore, public mental health interventions targeting suicide reduction may need to specifically focus on individuals with hypertension and other components of the MetS.
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Multiple epidemiological and clinical studies report an association between metabolic syndrome and suicidal attempts.
“Multiple epidemiological and clinical studies have reported an association between metabolic syndrome and suicidal attempts (83–85), but the directionality and causality of this relationship remain unresolved.”
From Exploring the neurobiological markers of suicidal behaviors in pediatric population: a narrative review (2026) · cites this paper as [83]
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- Authors
- Chang, J.-C., Yen, A. M.-F., Lee, C.-S., Chen, S. L.-S., Chiu, S. Y.-H., Fann, J. C.-Y., & Chen, H.-H.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Chang, Jung-Chen
- Chen, Sam Li-Sheng
- Chen, Hsiu-Hsi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 807-814
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2029820502
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- metabolic syndrome, suicide risk, suicide mortality, hypertension, blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, mental illness, community-based cohort, suicide prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Demography, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Life Style, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Suicide, Taiwan, Cohort Studies, Proportional Hazards Models, Metabolic Syndrome
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