Production and Implantation of Renal Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds From Porcine Kidneys as a Platform for Renal Bioengineering Investigations
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is important to identify new sources of transplantable organs because of the critical shortage of donor organs. Tissue engineering holds the potential to address this issue through the implementation of decellularization-recellularization technology. OBJECTIVE: To produce and examine acellular renal extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds as a platform for kidney bioengineering. METHODS: Porcine kidneys were decellularized with distilled water and sodium dodecyl sulfate-based solution. After rinsing with buffer solution to remove the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the so-obtained renal ECM scaffolds were processed for vascular imaging, histology, and cell seeding to investigate the vascular patency, degree of decellularization, and scaffold biocompatibility in vitro. Four whole renal scaffolds were implanted in pigs to assess whether these constructs would sustain normal blood pressure and to determine their biocompatibility in vivo. Pigs were sacrificed after 2 weeks and the explanted scaffolds were processed for histology. RESULTS: Renal ECM scaffolds were successfully produced from porcine kidneys. Scaffolds retained their essential ECM architecture and an intact vascular tree and allowed cell growth. On implantation, unseeded scaffolds were easily reperfused, sustained blood pressure, and were tolerated throughout the study period. No blood extravasation occurred. Pathology of explanted scaffolds showed maintenance of renal ultrastructure. Presence of inflammatory cells in the pericapsular region and complete thrombosis of the vascular tree were evident. CONCLUSIONS: Our investigations show that pig kidneys can be successfully decellularized to produce renal ECM scaffolds. These scaffolds maintain their basic components, are biocompatible, and show intact, though thrombosed, vasculature.
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Platelet aggregation and coagulation are expected to occur immediately after in vivo transplantation of the liver scaffold, potentially impeding the blood supply to the organ and causing cell death.
“As a result, platelet aggregation and coagulation are expected to occur immediately after in vivo transplantation of the liver scaffold, potentially impeding the blood supply to the organ and causing cell death.”
From Liver tissue engineering using decellularized scaffolds: Current progress, challenges, and opportunities (2024) · cites this paper as [220]
ECM components, especially collagen present in the scaffold, can stimulate the activation pathway upon contact with circulating platelets in the bloodstream.
“The ECM components, especially collagen present in the scaffold, can stimulate the activation pathway upon contact with circulating platelets in the bloodstream [150,220,221].”
From Liver tissue engineering using decellularized scaffolds: Current progress, challenges, and opportunities (2024) · cites this paper as [220]
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“The ECM components, especially collagen present in the scaffold, can stimulate the activation pathway upon contact with circulating platelets in the bloodstream [150,220,221].”
Background
- Authors
- Orlando, G., Farney, A. C., Iskandar, S. S., Mirmalek-Sani, S.-H., Sullivan, D. C., Moran, E., AbouShwareb, T., De Coppi, P., Wood, K. J., Stratta, R. J., Atala, A., Yoo, J. J., & Soker, S.
- Affiliations
- Great Ormond Street Hospital (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annals of Surgery
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 256
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 363-370
- ISSN
- 0003-4932 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2013425122
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 25.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wake Forest University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Keywords
- decellularization, recellularization, kidney tissue engineering, porcine kidney, sodium dodecyl sulfate, scaffold implantation, biocompatibility, vascular patency, vascular thrombosis, reperfusion, organ shortage, kidney transplantation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Extracellular Matrix, Kidney, Swine, Tissue Engineering, Tissue Scaffolds
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