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Cited by 202Virtual Reality Applications and ImpactsPediatric Pain Management TechniquesBurn Injury Management and Outcomes

Virtual Reality Pain Control During Burn Wound Debridement of Combat-Related Burn Injuries Using Robot-Like Arm Mounted VR Goggles

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Maani, Christopher V., Hoffman, Hunter G., Morrow, Michelle, Maiers, Alan, Gaylord, Kathryn, McGhee, Laura L., DeSocio, Peter A.·2011·Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care
DOI 10.1097/ta.0b013e31822192e2PMC PMC4460976
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: This is the first controlled study to explore whether adjunctive immersive virtual reality (VR) can reduce excessive pain of soldiers with combat-related burn injuries during wound debridement. METHODS: Patients were US soldiers burned in combat attacks involving explosive devices in Iraq or Afghanistan. During the same wound care session using a within-subject experimental design, 12 patients received half of their severe burn wound cleaning procedure (~6 minutes) with standard of care pharmacologies and half while in VR (treatment order randomized). Three 0 to 10 Graphic Rating Scale pain scores for each of the treatment conditions served as the primary variables. RESULTS: Patients reported significantly less pain when distracted with VR. "Worst pain" (pain intensity) dropped from 6.25 of 10 to 4.50 of 10. "Pain unpleasantness" ratings dropped from "moderate" (6.25 of 10) to "mild" (2.83 of 10). "Time spent thinking about pain" dropped from 76% during no VR to 22% during VR. Patients rated "no VR" as "no fun at all" (<1 of 10) and rated VR as "pretty fun" (7.5 of 10). Follow-up analyses showed VR was especially effective for the six patients who scored 7 of 10 or higher (severe to excruciating) on the "worst pain" (pain intensity) ratings. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results provide the first evidence from a controlled study that adjunctive immersive VR reduced pain of patients with combat-related burn injuries during severe burn wound debridement. Pain reduction during VR was greatest in patients with the highest pain during no VR. These patients were the first to use a unique custom robot-like arm mounted VR goggle system.

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  1. [3]Ward RS Physical rehabilitation Carrougher GJ Burn Care and Therapy St. Louis, MO Mosby 1998 293 320

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Authors
Maani, C. V., Hoffman, H. G., Morrow, M., Maiers, A., Gaylord, K., McGhee, L. L., & DeSocio, P. A.
Affiliations
Brooke Army Medical Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2011-07
Volume
71
Issue
1
Pages
S125-S130
ISSN
0022-5282 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/ta.0b013e31822192e2
PMC
PMC4460976
OpenAlex
W2048916528
Cited by
202
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
FWCI
13.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM042725)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR054115)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R21HD040954, HD40954-01)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Burn Injury Management and Outcomes
Keywords
virtual reality, pain distraction, burn wound debridement, military personnel, analgesia, immersive virtual reality, pain unpleasantness, pain intensity
MeSH terms
Adult, Burns, Debridement, Eyeglasses, Humans, Male, Military Personnel, Pain Measurement, Robotics, User-Computer Interface, Iraq War, 2003-2011, Young Adult, Afghan Campaign 2001-, Pain Management

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