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Temperament and character dimensions explain self-reported resilience deficits in patients with affective disorders
Abstract
This is the first study exploring how temperament and character personality dimensions impact self-reported resilience in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). We included 130 euthymic patients with affective disorders (AFD; 66 MDD and 64 BD) and 134 healthy controls (HC). Connor and Davidson resilience scale and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140) were administered. Multiple linear regressions and interaction analyses were performed. Mediation analyses examined if personality dimensions explained group differences in resilience. Resilience was lower in MDD and BD vs. HC and in MDD vs. BD, adjusting for sex, age and education. Higher resilience was predicted by lower harm avoidance (HA) and higher persistence (P) in AFD and MDD, lower HA in BD and higher P and self-directedness (SD) in HC. However, only HA and P had a group-specific effect on resilience in AFD vs. HC. In mediation analyses, specific TCI dimensions at least partially explained differences in resilience: HA, P and SD in AFD or MDD vs. HC; SD in BD vs. HC; P in BD vs. MDD. Concludingly, two temperament traits (HA, P) and a character trait (SD) predict resilience in AFD. Focusing on personality could identify sources of compromised resilience as potential treatment targets.
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“While standard antidepressants can also slightly mitigate neuroticism in MDD”
From The revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement, evidence of efficacy, and real-world challenges (2024) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“extroversion and openness are specifically related to the effect of PAP. 58,59”
From The revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement, evidence of efficacy, and real-world challenges (2024) · cites this paper as [59]
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“58,59 These variations in personality domains, if durable, reshape the patient ’ s interactions with the environment and may explain the sustained effect of psilocybin over time only after a few sessions.”
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Tsigkaropoulou, E., Michopoulos, I., Porichi, E., Dafnas, K., Serretti, A., & Ferentinos, P.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- University of Bologna (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Ferentinos, Panagiotis
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 2023-06-12
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 59-69
- ISSN
- 0268-1315 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4381716413
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 4.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Clinical Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- resilience, temperament, character, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, mood disorders, harm avoidance, persistence, self-direction, Temperament and Character Inventory, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, personality traits, mediation
- MeSH terms
- Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Humans, Personality Inventory, Temperament, Resilience, Psychological, Self Report
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