Infectivity and immune escape of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant of interest Lambda
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1038/s41564-022-01092-1
Abstract
Background: The newly described SARS-CoV-2 lineage C.37 was recently classified as a variant of interest by the WHO (Lambda variant) based on its high circulation rates in South American countries and the presence of critical mutations in the spike protein. The impact of such mutations in infectivity and immune escape from neutralizing antibodies are entirely unknown. Methods: We performed a pseudotyped virus neutralization assay and determined the impact of the Lambda variant on infectivity and immune escape using plasma samples from healthcare workers (HCW) from two centers in Santiago, Chile who received the two-doses scheme of the inactivated virus vaccine CoronaVac. Results: We observed an increased infectivity mediated by the Lambda spike protein that was even higher than that of the D614G (lineage B) or the Alpha and Gamma variants. Compared to the Wild type (lineage A), neutralization was decreased by 3.05-fold for the Lambda variant while it was 2.33-fold for the Gamma variant and 2.03-fold for the Alpha variant. Conclusions: Our results indicate that mutations present in the spike protein of the Lambda variant of interest confer increased infectivity and immune escape from neutralizing antibodies elicited by CoronaVac. These data reinforce the idea that massive vaccination campaigns in countries with high SARS-CoV-2 circulation must be accompanied by strict genomic surveillance allowing the identification of new isolates carrying spike mutations and immunology studies aimed to determine the impact of these mutations in immune escape and vaccines breakthrough.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The Lambda variant is highly prevalent in several South American countries and is associated with reduced susceptibility to the locally used CoronaVac vaccine.
“It is highly prevalent in several South American countries and is associated with reduced susceptibility to the locally used CoronaVac vaccine 238 .”
From The biological and clinical significance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants (2021) · cites this paper as [238]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Khoury, D. S., Cromer, D., Reynaldi, A., Schlub, T. E., Wheatley, A. K., Juno, J. A., Subbarao, K., Kent, S. J., Triccas, J. A., & Davenport, M. P. (2021) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01377-8 · Cited by 3,742 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape
Harvey, W. T., Carabelli, A. M., Jackson, B., Gupta, R. K., Thomson, E. C., Harrison, E. M., Ludden, C., Reeve, R., Rambaut, A., COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, et al. (2021) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-021-00573-0 · Cited by 3,528 · see citing works
Estimated transmissibility and impact of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England
Davies, N. G., Abbott, S., Barnard, R. C., Jarvis, C. I., Kucharski, A. J., Munday, J. D., Pearson, C. A. B., Russell, T. W., Tully, D. C., Washburne, A. D., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abg3055 · Cited by 2,633 · see citing works
Genomics and epidemiology of the P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus, Brazil
Faria, N. R., Mellan, T. A., Whittaker, C., Claro, I. M., Candido, D. D. S., Mishra, S., Crispim, M. A. E., Sales, F. C. S., Hawryluk, I., McCrone, J. T., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abh2644 · Cited by 1,461 · see citing works
The Impact of Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Spike on Viral Infectivity and Antigenicity
Li, Q., Wu, J., Nie, J., Zhang, L., Hao, H., Liu, S., Zhao, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, H., Nie, L., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.07.012 · Cited by 1,420 · see citing works
Greaney, A. J., Starr, T. N., Gilchuk, P., Zost, S. J., Binshtein, E., Loes, A. N., Hilton, S. K., Huddleston, J., Eguia, R., Crawford, K. H. D., et al. (2021) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.007 · Cited by 1,016 · see citing works
Greaney, A. J., Starr, T. N., Gilchuk, P., Zost, S. J., Binshtein, E., Loes, A. N., Hilton, S. K., Huddleston, J., Eguia, R. T., Crawford, K. H. D., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.09.10.292078 · Cited by 948 · see citing works
N-terminal domain antigenic mapping reveals a site of vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2
McCallum, M., De Marco, A., Lempp, F. A., Tortorici, M. A., Pinto, D., Walls, A. C., Beltramello, M., Chen, A., Liu, Z., Zatta, F., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.028 · Cited by 901 · see citing works
N-terminal domain antigenic mapping reveals a site of vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2
McCallum, M., Marco, A. D., Lempp, F., Tortorici, M. A., Pinto, D., Walls, A. C., Beltramello, M., Chen, A., Liu, Z., Zatta, F., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.01.14.426475 · Cited by 901 · see citing works
Liu, Z., VanBlargan, L. A., Bloyet, L.-M., Rothlauf, P. W., Chen, R. E., Stumpf, S., Zhao, H., Errico, J. M., Theel, E. S., Liebeskind, M. J., et al. (2021) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2021.01.014 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
Transmission, infectivity, and neutralization of a spike L452R SARS-CoV-2 variant
Deng, X., Garcia-Knight, M. A., Khalid, M. M., Servellita, V., Wang, C., Morris, M. K., Sotomayor-González, A., Glasner, D. R., Reyes, K. R., Gliwa, A. S., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.025 · Cited by 651 · see citing works
Cerutti, G., Guo, Y.-C., Zhou, T., Gorman, J., Lee, M., Rapp, M., Reddem, E., Yu, J., Bahna, F., Bimela, J. S., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.01.10.426120 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
Recurrent deletions in the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein drive antibody escape
McCarthy, K. R., Rennick, L. J., Nambulli, S., Robinson-McCarthy, L. R., Bain, W. G., Haidar, G., & Duprex, W. P. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abf6950 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Cerutti, G., Guo, Y., Zhou, T., Gorman, J., Lee, M., Rapp, M., Reddem, E. R., Yu, J., Bahna, F., Bimela, J., et al. (2021) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2021.03.005 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Vaccines
Krause, P. R., Fleming, T. R., Longini, I. M., Peto, R., Briand, S. C., Heymann, D. L., Beral, V., Snape, M. D., Rees, H., Ropero, A. M., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsr2105280 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Will SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern affect the promise of vaccines?
Gupta, R. K. (2021) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00556-5 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Susceptibility of Circulating SARS-CoV-2 Variants to Neutralization
Wang, G., Wang, Z.-Y., Duan, L., Meng, Q.-C., Jiang, M.-D., Cao, J., Lin, Y., Zhu, K.-L., Cao, W., & Ma, M. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc2103022 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Bueno, S., Abarca, K., González, P., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.03.31.21254494 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationInsights into neutralizing antibody responses in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in Chile
Beltrán-Pavez, C., Riquelme-Barrios, S., Oyarzún-Arrau, A., Gaete-Argel, A., González-Stegmaier, R., Cereceda-Solis, K., Aguirre, A., Travisany, D., Palma-Véjares, R., Barriga, G. P., et al. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abe6855 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationMuena, N. A., García-Salum, T., Pardo-Roa, C., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.05.17.21257197 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Venkatakrishnan, A., Anand, P., Lenehan, P. J., Ghosh, P., Suratekar, R., Siroha, A., Chowdhury, D. R., O’Horo, J. C., Yao, J. D. C., Pritt, B. S., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-555451/v1 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The biological and clinical significance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants
Tao, K., Tzou, P. L., Nouhin, J., Gupta, R. K., de Oliveira, T., Kosakovsky Pond, S. L., Fera, D., & Shafer, R. W. (2021) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00408-x · Cited by 1,009 · see citing works
Fiolet, T., Kherabi, Y., MacDonald, C.-J., Ghosn, J., & Peiffer-Smadja, N. (2022) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.10.005 · Cited by 911 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 prolonged infection during advanced HIV disease evolves extensive immune escape
Cele, S., Karim, F., Lustig, G., San, J. E., Hermanus, T., Tegally, H., Snyman, J., Moyo-Gwete, T., Wilkinson, E., Bernstein, M. P., et al. (2022) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2022.01.005 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
“Among the RBD mutations in the day 190 isolate, K417T is found in the Gamma variant, and F490S is found in the Lambda variant.”
InfluentialCOVID-19 in people with rheumatic diseases: risks, outcomes, treatment considerations
Grainger, R., Kim, A. H. J., Conway, R. P., Yazdany, J., & Robinson, P. C. (2022) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/s41584-022-00755-x · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Mohammadi, M., Shayestehpour, M., & Mirzaei, H. (2021) · The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101606 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
The SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant exhibits enhanced infectivity and immune resistance
Kimura, I., Kosugi, Y., Wu, J., Zahradník, J., Yamasoba, D., Butlertanaka, E. P., Tanaka, Y., Uriu, K., Liu, Y., Morizako, N., et al. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110218 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
“1 lineage) pseudovirus, which is consistent with a previous study (Acevedo et al., 2021), Touret et al.”
The global epidemic of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and their mutational immune escape
Tian, D., Sun, Y., Zhou, J., & Ye, Q. (2021) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.27376 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
“One study from the University of Chile also found that the neutralization activity of the CoronaVac vaccine against Lambda variant was reduced by 67% than wild strain.(93) Another preprint paper from the University of Tokyo revealed that the Lambda variant”
BackgroundMelo-González, F., Soto, J. A., González, L. A., Fernández, J. O., Duarte, L. F., Schultz, B. M., Gálvez, N. M. S., Pacheco, G. A., Ríos, M., Vázquez, Y., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.747830 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 variants and COVID-19 vaccines: Current challenges and future strategies
Gong, W., Parkkila, S., Wu, X., & Aspatwar, A. (2022) · International Reviews of Immunology · doi:10.1080/08830185.2022.2079642 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“The current pandemic is complicated by the emergence of VOCs and there are already five SARS-CoV-2 VOCs, which have shown increased transmissibility and resistance to the efficacy of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies [36,37].”
BackgroundInfluentialMoghaddar, M., Radman, R., & Macreadie, I. G. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9102167 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“The deletion of these key sequences leads to reduced vaccine efficacy against Lambda infection in vaccinated individuals [8,60].”
BackgroundInfluentialDuarte, L. F., Gálvez, N. M. S., Iturriaga, C., Melo-González, F., Soto, J. A., Schultz, B. M., Urzua, M. D., González, L. A., Vázquez, Y., Ríos, M., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.742914 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Hence, we lack evidence to determine whether the frequency of breakthrough vaccine cases is related to community transmission of a particular variant, which, in the case of Chile, has been dominated by the SARS-CoV-2 variants Gamma and Lambda in recent months (38).”
BackgroundCovid-19: virology, variants, and vaccines
Young, M., Crook, H., Scott, J. T., & Edison, P. (2022) · BMJ Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjmed-2021-000040 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Covid-19: How many variants are there, and what do we know about them?: Video 1
Mahase, E. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n1971 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Their Relevant Mutational Profiles: Update Summer 2021
Alkhatib, M., Svicher, V., Salpini, R., Ambrosio, F. A., Bellocchi, M. C., Carioti, L., Piermatteo, L., Scutari, R., Costa, G., Artese, A., et al. (2021) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.01096-21 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“Finally, the recently identified Delta B.1.617.2 VOC is characterized by a substantial accumulation of critical point mutations in the NTD and RBD (T19R, G142D, L452R, and T478K), coupled with a deletion at positions 157 and 158.”
BackgroundInfluentialMolecular insights into the adaptive evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
Yao, Z., Zhang, L., Duan, Y., Tang, X., & Lü, J. (2024) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106121 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Lambda and Gamma variants competition in Peru, a country with high seroprevalence
Vargas‐Herrera, N., Araujo-Castillo, R. V., Mestanza, O., Galarza, M., Rojas, N., & Solari, L. (2021) · The Lancet Regional Health - Americas · doi:10.1016/j.lana.2021.100112 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Cold atmospheric plasma for preventing infection of viruses that use ACE2 for entry
Wang, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, R., Li, W., Weerasinghe, J., Chen, S., Rehm, B. H. A., Zhao, L., Frentiu, F. D., Zhang, Z., et al. (2022) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.70098 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“37 (Lambda) has a unique pattern of 7 mutations (∆246-252, G75V, T76I, L452Q, F490S, D614G, T859N) where L452Q shares a similar impact on virus-cell interactions through ACE2, leading to substantially improved transmissibility([13]).”
BackgroundPrincipais variantes do SARS-CoV-2 notificadas no Brasil
Michelon, C. (2021) · Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas · doi:10.21877/2448-3877.202100961 · Cited by 34
Strohl, W. R., Ku, Z., An, Z., Carroll, S. F., Keyt, B. A., & Strohl, L. M. (2022) · BioDrugs · doi:10.1007/s40259-022-00529-7 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 spike E156G/Δ157-158 mutations contribute to increased infectivity and immune escape
Mishra, T. K., Dalavi, R., Joshi, G., Kumar, A., Pandey, P., Shukla, S., Mishra, R. K., & Chande, A. G. (2022) · Life Science Alliance · doi:10.26508/lsa.202201415 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“One of Delta variant’s siblings, a variant called Lambda, also carries changes in the spike NTD, in addition to L452Q, and these alterations have been associated with the virus’ higher infectivity and immune evasion ability (Acevedo et al, 2021 Preprint; Kimura et al, 2021 Preprint).”
BackgroundWang, M., Zhang, L., Li, Q., Wang, B., Liang, Z., Sun, Y., Nie, J., Wu, J., Su, X., Qu, X., et al. (2021) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2021.2008775 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“against the Lambda variant by vaccine-induced immune sera compared with the wild-type 614D strain [56].”
BackgroundMalcangi, G., Inchingolo, A. D., Inchingolo, A. M., Santacroce, L., Marinelli, G., Mancini, A., Vimercati, L., Maggiore, M. E., D’Oria, M. T., Hazballa, D., et al. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9091964 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
COVID-19 patient serum less potently inhibits ACE2-RBD binding for various SARS-CoV-2 RBD mutants
Junker, D., Dulovic, A., Becker, M., Wagner, T. R., Kaiser, P. D., Traenkle, B., Kienzle, K., Bunk, S., Struemper, C., Haeberle, H., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10987-2 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Inchingolo, A. D., Malcangi, G., Ceci, S., Patano, A., Corriero, A., Vimercati, L., Azzollini, D., Marinelli, G., Coloccia, G., Piras, F., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23158485 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“All vaccines developed effective neutralizing antibodies [57,58].”
The Evolving Faces of the SARS-CoV-2 Genome
Schmidt, M., Arshad, M., Bernhart, S. H., Hakobyan, S., Arakelyan, A., Loeffler‐Wirth, H., & Binder, H. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13091764 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Torres, C., Mojsiejczuk, L., Acuña, D., Alexay, S., Amadio, A., Aulicino, P., Debat, H., Fay, F., Fernández, F., Giri, A., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.755463 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationBauer, G. (2022) · Exploration of Immunology · doi:10.37349/ei.2022.00040 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“37 (lambda) has been attributed to the mutation L452Q, which seems to cause enhanced virus-cell interactions through ACE2 [131].”
BackgroundMolecular variants of SARS-CoV-2: antigenic properties and current vaccine efficacy
Damavandi, A. R., Dowran, R., Sharif, S. A., Kashanchi, F., & Jafari, R. (2022) · Medical Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1007/s00430-022-00729-6 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Coria, L. M., Saposnik, L. M., Castro, C. P., Castro, E. F., Bruno, L. A., Stone, W. B., Pérez, P. S., Darriba, M. L., Chemes, L. B., Alcaín, J., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.844837 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“In particular, gamma and lambda variants have been shown to partially escape neutralization by antibodies triggered by previously circulating variants or vaccine induced antibodies (26, 27).”
BackgroundRapid testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Biby, A., Wang, X., Liu, X., et al. (2022) · MRS Communications · doi:10.1557/s43579-021-00146-5 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Cele, S., Karim, F., Lustig, G., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.09.14.21263564 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“However the beta variant first identified in South Africa (2, 3, 8, 10, 11), the gamma variant first identified in Brazil (12), and the lambda variant first identified in Peru (13) show neutralization”
Yang, J., Barua, N., Rahman, M. N., Lo, N. W. S., Tsang, T. F., Yang, X., Chan, P. K. S., Zhang, L., & Ip, M. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261778 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Introduction of SARS‐COV‐2 C.37 (WHO VOI lambda) from Peru to Italy
Baj, A., Novazzi, F., Ferrante, F. D., Genoni, A. P., Cassani, G., Prestia, M., Colombo, A., Capuano, R., Zago, C., Pasciuta, R., et al. (2021) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.27235 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Evolutionary dynamics of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 genomes
Qian, Z., Li, P., Tang, X., & Lü, J. (2022) · Medical Review · doi:10.1515/mr-2021-0035 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Potential Roles of BCG Vaccine in the Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19
Wang, J., Zhang, Q., Wang, H., & Gong, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.31083/j.fbl2705157 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“[47–50] (2) Compared with the D614G strain, the Lambda variant increased the infection ability of LLC-MK2 and Calu-3 cells by 1.6 and 3.3 times, respectively; the neutralisation effect of convalescent serum on the Lambda variant is reduced by 1.3 times [48].”
MethodResultInfluentialSARS-CoV-2 Lambda (C.37): An emerging variant of concern?
Darvishi, M., Rahimi, F., & Abadi, A. T. B. (2021) · Gene Reports · doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101378 · Cited by 13
“Interestingly, the modified spike protein reportedly renders the Lambda variant more infectious than Gamma and Alpha variants, which preceded Lambda (Acevedo et al., 2021).”
BackgroundConvergence of immune escape strategies highlights plasticity of SARS-CoV-2 spike
Yu, X., Juraszek, J., Rutten, L., Bakkers, M. J. G., Blokland, S., Melchers, J. M., van den Broek, N. J. F., Verwilligen, A., Abeywickrema, P. D., Vingerhoets, J., et al. (2023) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011308 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“The immunodominant NTD binds antibodies with high neutralizing and 43 protective potential (2, 9-15) and most SARS-CoV-2 variants have small deletions in the 44 exposed protruding loops of NTD (16-19).”
BackgroundBekliz, M., Adea, K., Vetter, P., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.12.28.21268491 · Cited by 11
“408 Our data on Zeta, along with data two other VOIs Mu and Lambda, have shown the strongest escape 409 from neutralization in pandemic period before the emergence of Omicron [42-45].”
MethodMutational signatures and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma and Lambda variants
Oróstica, K. Y., Contreras, S., Mohr, S. B., et al. (2021) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2108.10018 · Cited by 11
“For the Lambda variant, Spike mutations L452Q, F490S and deletion 246-252 conferred partial immune escape against neutralizing antibodies elicited by CoronaVac, and a higher infectiousness than the Gamma variant [61].”
A SARS-CoV-2: Companion Animal Transmission and Variants Classification
Pandit, R., & Matthews, Q. L. (2023) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens12060775 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Barletta, W. A. (2022) · JMIRx Med · doi:10.2196/32935 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“37 (Lambda), has been circulating widely in South America, having first been reported in Lima, Peru in December 2020 [26-28].”
SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Mutations and Effective Changes
Park, G., & Hwang, B. H. (2021) · Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering · doi:10.1007/s12257-021-0327-3 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“1 variants [76], further research is necessary to understand its properties.”
BackgroundAl-Hatamleh, M. A. I., Abusalah, M. A. H., Hatmal, M. M., Alshaer, W., Ahmad, S., Mohd-Zahid, M. H., Rahman, E. N. S. E. A., Yean, C. Y., Alias, I. Z., Uskoković, V., et al. (2022) · Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.11.007 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Junker, D., Dulovic, A., Becker, M., Wagner, T. R., Kaiser, P. D., Traenkle, B., Rothbauer, U., Kienzle, K., Bunk, S. F., Strümper, C., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.08.20.21262328 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Biswas, S., Mahmud, S., Mita, M. A., Afrose, S., Hasan, M. R., Paul, G. K., Shimu, M. S. S., Uddin, M. S., Zaman, S., Park, M. N., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.825245 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Bai, W., Gu, Y., Liu, H., & Zhou, L. (2021) · China CDC Weekly · doi:10.46234/ccdcw2021.216 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants: The Pandemic of Unvaccinated
Angius, F., Pala, G., & Manzin, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.749634 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Hussain, M., Amanullah, A., Aslam, A., Raza, F., Arzoo, S., Qureshi, I. W., Waheed, H., Jabeen, N., Shabbir, S., Sayeed, M. A., et al. (2022) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym14163263 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Fredericks, A. M., East, K. W., Shi, Y., Liu, J., Maschietto, F., Ayala, A., Cioffi, W. G., Cohen, M., Fairbrother, W. G., Lefort, C. T., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2022.1080964 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Soto, J. A., Melo-González, F., Gutiérrez-Vera, C., Schultz, B. M., Berríos-Rojas, R. V., Rivera-Pérez, D., Piña-Iturbe, A., Hoppe-Elsholz, G., Duarte, L. F., Vázquez, Y., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.02.15.22270973 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“2013 [cited 2021 Oct 6];310(20):2191– 4.”
Self-citationMultiple Introductions of SARS-CoV-2 C.37 Lambda lineage in the Southern Brazilian region
Arantes, I., Salvato, R. S., Gregianini, T. S., Martins, L. G., Barth, A. L., Martins, A. F., Paixão, A. C. D., Appolinario, L., Lopes, R. S., Mendonça, A. C. D. F., et al. (2021) · Journal of Travel Medicine · doi:10.1093/jtm/taab153 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Carolina, T., Laura, M., Dolores, A., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.07.19.21260779 · Cited by 6
“On the other hand, increased infectivity and resistance to neutralizing antibodies 209 produced by individuals immunized with CoronaVac (SinoVac) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) 210 vaccines was observed (10,11).”
BackgroundInterpretable and Predictive Deep Modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Sequence
Sokhansanj, B., Zhao, Z.-Q., & Rosen, G. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.12.26.21268414 · Cited by 4
Introduction of SARS‐CoV‐2 C.37 (WHO VOI lambda) in the Sao Paulo State, Southeast Brazil
Kashima, S. H., Slavov, S. N., Giovanetti, M., Rodrigues, E. S., Patané, J. S. L., Viala, V. L., Santos, E. V., Evaristo, M., de Lima, L. P. O., Martins, A. J., et al. (2021) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.27389 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Lambda Variant: Spatiotemporal Distribution and Potential Public Health Impact
Chen, C., Shi, Q., & Dong, X. (2021) · Zoonoses · doi:10.15212/zoonoses-2021-0009 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“03-fold decrease against the Alpha variant compared to the wild type (lineage A) [13].”
BackgroundInfluentialVenkatakrishnan, A., Anand, P., Lenehan, P. J., Ghosh, P., Suratekar, R., Silvert, E., Pawlowski, C., Siroha, A., Chowdhury, D. R., O’Horo, J. C., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-26646-5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Arıkan, A., & Sayan, M. (2022) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics12112869 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Genomic surveillance of the Lambda SARS‐CoV‐2 variant in a global phylogenetic context
Mestanza, O., Lizárraga, W. C., Padilla, C., Jimenez‐Vasquez, V., Hurtado, V., Molina, I. S., Barcena, L., Acedo-Lazo, S. V., Núñez-Llanos, A., Gordillo, S., et al. (2022) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.27889 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“7) and Gamma (P1).(6) Lambda mainly spread in Peru, Chile, and Argentina.”
BackgroundCoria, L. M., Saposnik, L. M., Castro, C. P., Castro, E. F., Bruno, L. A., Stone, W. B., Pérez, P. S., Darriba, M. L., Chemes, L. B., Alcaín, J., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.12.07.471590 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mishra, T. K., Joshi, G., Kumar, A., Dalavi, R., Pandey, P., Shukla, S., Mishra, R. K., & Chande, A. G. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.10.04.463028 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Zou, D., Zhou, S.-H., Liao, Y., & Wang, L.-S. (2024) · Annals of the American Association of Geographers · doi:10.1080/24694452.2024.2346728 · Cited by 3
“Incorporating genome sequencing to analyze temporal associations has been recognized as valuable in previous studies (Acevedo et al. 2021; Kumar et al. 2022; Shrestha et al. 2022).”
Motiei, M., Lucia, L. A., Sáha, T., & Sáha, P. (2023) · Nanotechnology Reviews · doi:10.1515/ntrev-2022-0515 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ferrareze, P. A. G., Zimerman, R. A., Franceschi, V. B., Caldana, G. D., Netz, P. A., & Thompson, C. E. (2022) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2022.2076154 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Despite L452Q (C.37) suggesting similar properties to L452R (B.1.617.2), increasing viral infectivity (Acevedo et al., 2021), nothing is known about the valine substitution and its effect on P.2 viruses.”
BackgroundInfluentialSzarpak, L., Savytskyi, I., Pruc, M., et al. (2021) · Cardiology Journal · doi:10.5603/cj.a2021.0121 · Cited by 3
New Unknown Sars-Cov-2 Virus Variants and Hidden Pandemics Within Them in Developing Countries
Ghasemi, S., & Dashti, M. (2021) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-898454/v1 · Cited by 3
Torres, C., Debat, H., & Viegas, M. (2021) · doi:10.1590/scielopreprints.2886 · Cited by 3
Early mutational signatures and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma and Lambda variants in Chile
Oróstica, K., Mohr, S., Dehning, J., Bauer, S., Medina-Ortiz, D., Iftekhar, E. N., Mujica, K., Covarrubias, P. C., Ulloa, S., Castillo, A., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-66885-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Overview of diagnostic tools and nano-based therapy of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Bhattacharjee, B., Rynjah, D., Ahmed, A. B., Newar, A., Sengupta, S., Chakrabarty, S., Sahu, R. K., & Khan, J. (2024) · Chemical Papers · doi:10.1007/s11696-023-03271-8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Variations from SARS-CoV-2 to Omicron: A new threat knocking at world's door
Balkrishna, A., Rohela, A., Kumar, A., Arya, A., & Khan, N. (2022) · Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science · doi:10.7324/japs.2022.120404 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Pampa-Espinoza, L., Padilla, C., Valencia, J. S., Jimenez‐Vasquez, V., Molina, I. S., Mestanza, O., Lope‐Pari, P., Cáceres, O., Bailón, H., Barcena, L., et al. (2022) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac134 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Acevedo et al [21] reported an increase in the infectivity of the Lambda variant, and immune escape of the neutralizing antibodies [22] and its greater infectivity could be attributed to the T76I and L452Q mutations in the protein S reported by Kimura et al [21, 23].”
BackgroundMa, Y., Hu, Y., Xia, B., Du, P., Wu, L., Liang, M., Chen, Q., Yan, H., Gao, G. F., Wang, Q., et al. (2021) · China CDC Weekly · doi:10.46234/ccdcw2021.235 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Henry, B. M., de Oliveira, M. H. S., de Oliveira, T. B., Notarte, K. I., & Lippi, G. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.08.24.21262245 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ferrareze, P. A. G., Zimerman, R., Franceschi, V. B., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.07.16.452571 · Cited by 2
“2), increasing viral infectivity (Acevedo et al., 2021), nothing is known about the valine substitution and its effect on P.”
BackgroundInfluentialTalkhi, N., Fatemi, N. A., & Nooghabi, M. J. (2022) · Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.30699/ijmm.16.3.221 · Cited by 1
“The US Food and Drug Administration approved some vaccines (15).”
BackgroundInfluentialImmunoediting in SARS-CoV-2: Mutual relationship between the virus and the host
Kheshtchin, N., Bakhshi, P., Arab, S., & Nourizadeh, M. (2022) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108531 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Moreover, the T76I and L452Q mutations contribute to increased viral infectivity [94,95].”
SARS-CoV-2 Mutations and their Viral Variants
Coşar, B., KARAGÜLLEOĞLU, Z. Y., ÜNAL, S., İnce, A. T., Uncuoglu, D. B., Tuncer, G., Kilinc, B. R., Ozkan, Y. E., Ozkoc, H. C., Demir, I. N., et al. (2021) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.06.001 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
“1 variants as a result of a deletion in the ORF1A gene [110].”
The influence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern on national case fatality rates
Barletta, W. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.08.10.21261870
SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Vaccines: Pledge to global response!
Roy, S., Uddin, B. M. M., & Ahmed, I. (2021) · Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.3329/bjmm.v15i2.57818
- Authors
- Acevedo, M. L., Alonso-Palomares, L., Bustamante, A., Gaggero, A., Paredes, F., Cortés, C. P., Valiente-Echeverría, F., & Soto-Rifo, R.
- Affiliations
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (CL)
- University of Chile (CL)
- Ministry of Health (CL)
- Clinica Santa Maria (CL)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Microbiology
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2021-07-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 524-529
- ISSN
- 2058-5276 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4221134174
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 31
- FWCI
- 8.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SECTEI/138/2019)
- Universidad de Chile
- Secretaría de Estado de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SECTEI/138/2019)
- Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (1180882, 1181656, 3200460, 1211547, ICN2021_045, 1190156)
- Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (3200460, 1180882, 1181656, 1211547, 1190156)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Keywords
- neutralizing antibodies, CoronaVac, BNT162b2, inactivated vaccine, mRNA vaccines, vaccine efficacy, spike protein mutations, immune evasion, convalescent plasma, pseudovirus, variants of interest, Delta variant, Alpha variant, Gamma variant, receptor binding domain, Chile
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, BNT162 Vaccine, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Chile, Humans, Immunization, Passive, Membrane Glycoproteins, Viral Envelope Proteins, Antibodies, Neutralizing, HEK293 Cells, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
