CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 911SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchVaccine Coverage and HesitancyCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

Comparing COVID-19 vaccines for their characteristics, efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern: a narrative review

Open access
Fiolet, Thibault, Kherabi, Yousra, MacDonald, Conor-James, Ghosn, Jade, Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan·2022·Clinical Microbiology and Infection
DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.10.005PMC PMC8548286
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Background Vaccines are critical cost-effective tools to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the emergence of variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may threaten the global impact of mass vaccination campaigns. Aims The objective of this study was to provide an up-to-date comparative analysis of the characteristics, adverse events, efficacy, effectiveness and impact of the variants of concern for 19 COVID-19 vaccines. Sources References for this review were identified through searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, BioRxiv, MedRxiv, regulatory drug agencies and pharmaceutical companies' websites up to 22nd September 2021. Content Overall, all COVID-19 vaccines had a high efficacy against the original strain and the variants of concern, and were well tolerated. BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 and Sputnik V after two doses had the highest efficacy (>90%) in preventing symptomatic cases in phase III trials. mRNA vaccines, AZD1222, and CoronaVac were effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 and severe infections against Alpha, Beta, Gamma or Delta variants. Regarding observational real-life data, full immunization with mRNA vaccines and AZD1222 seems to effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection against the original strain and Alpha and Beta variants but with reduced effectiveness against the Delta strain. A decline in infection protection was observed at 6 months for BNT162b2 and AZD1222. Serious adverse event rates were rare for mRNA vaccines-anaphylaxis 2.5-4.7 cases per million doses, myocarditis 3.5 cases per million doses-and were similarly rare for all other vaccines. Prices for the different vaccines varied from $2.15 to $29.75 per dose. Implications All vaccines appear to be safe and effective tools to prevent severe COVID-19, hospitalization, and death against all variants of concern, but the quality of evidence greatly varies depending on the vaccines considered. Questions remain regarding a booster dose and waning immunity, the duration of immunity, and heterologous vaccination. The benefits of COVID-19 vaccination outweigh the risks, despite rare serious adverse effects.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.10.005

Cites

53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 135

  1. [3]Coutinho R.M. Marquitti F.M.D. Ferreira L.S. Borges M.E. Silva RLP da Canton O. Model-based estimation of transmissibility and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant 2021 medRxiv 23rd March. 2021.03.03.21252706 PMC9053218 35602219
  2. [7]Planas D. Bruel T. Grzelak L. Guivel-Benhassine F. Staropoli I. Porrot F. Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies Nat Med 27 2021 917 924 33772244
  3. [13]Plotkin S. History of vaccination Proc Natl Acad Sci 111 2014 12283 12287 25136134 PMC4151719
  4. [15]Thomas S.J. Moreira E.D. Kitchin N. Absalon J. Gurtman A. Lockhart S. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine through 6 months N Engl J Med 2021 10.1056/NEJMoa2110345 PMC8461570 34525277 · DOI · Paper page
  5. [16]Frenck R.W. Klein N.P. Kitchin N. Gurtman A. Absalon J. Lockhart S. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine in adolescents N Engl J Med 385 2021 239 250 34043894 PMC8174030
  6. [18]El Sahly H.M. Baden L.R. Essink B. Doblecki-Lewis S. Martin J.M. Anderson E.J. Efficacy of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at completion of blinded phase N Engl J Med 2021 10.1056/NEJMoa2113017 0 PMC8482810 34551225 · DOI · Paper page
  7. [19]CureVac Press release. CureVac Final Data from Phase 2b/3 Trial of First-Generation COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate, CVnCoV, Demonstrates Protection in Age Group of 18 to 60 [Internet] 2021 https://www.curevac.com/en/2021/06/30/curevac-final-data-from-phase-2b-3-trial-of-first-generation-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-cvncov-demonstrates-protection-in-age-group-of-18-to-60/
  8. [21]Voysey M. Clemens S.A.C. Madhi S.A. Weckx L.Y. Folegatti P.M. Aley P.K. Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK Lancet 397 2021 99 111 33306989 PMC7723445
  9. [23]AstraZeneca AZD1222 US Phase III trial met primary efficacy endpoint in preventing COVID-19 at interim analysis [Internet] 2021 [cité 11 sept 2021] https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/astrazeneca-us-vaccine-trial-met-primary-endpoint.html
  10. [26]Logunov D.Y. Dolzhikova I.V. Shcheblyakov D.V. Tukhvatulin A.I. Zubkova O.V. Dzharullaeva A.S. Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial in Russia Lancet 397 2021 671 681 33545094 PMC7852454
  11. [28]Heath P.T. Galiza E.P. Baxter D.N. Boffito M. Browne D. Burns F. Safety and efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 vaccine N Engl J Med 385 2021 1172 1183 34192426 PMC8262625
  12. [33]Al Kaabi N. Zhang Y. Xia S. Yang Y. Al Qahtani M.M. Abdulrazzaq N. Effect of 2 inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on symptomatic COVID-19 infection in adults: a randomized clinical trial JAMA 326 2021 35 45 34037666 PMC8156175
  13. [34]Bharat Biotech Bharat biotech announces phase 3 results of COVAXIN®: India’s first COVID-19 vaccine demonstrates interim clinical efficacy of 81% [Internet] 2021 [cité 29 mars 2021] https://www.bharatbiotech.com/images/press/covaxin-phase3-efficacy-results.pdf
  14. [38]Nasreen S. He S. Chung H. Brown K.A. Gubbay J.B. Buchan S.A. Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against variants of concern 2021 medRxiv 2021.6.28.21259420
  15. [39]Bruxvoort K. Sy L.S. Qian L. Ackerson B.K. Luo Y. Lee G.S. Real-world effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 vaccine against COVID-19: interim results from a prospective observational cohort study [Internet] 2021 Social Science Research Network Rochester, NY Report No. ID 3916094 https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3916094 PMC8614600 34849505
  16. [40]Charmet T. Schaeffer L. Grant R. Galmiche S. Chény O. Von Platen C. Impact of original, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351/P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineages on vaccine effectiveness of two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: results from a nationwide case-control study in France Lancet Reg Health Eur 8 2021 100171 34278372 PMC8277121
  17. [41]Bernal J.L. Andrews N. Gower C. Robertson C. Stowe J. Tessier E. Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms, hospital admissions, and mortality in older adults in England: test negative case–control study BMJ 373 2021 n1088 33985964 PMC8116636
  18. [44]Sheikh A. McMenamin J. Taylor B. Robertson C. SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness Lancet 397 2021 2461 2462 34139198 PMC8201647
  19. [46]Keehner J. Horton L.E. Binkin N.J. Laurent L.C. Pride D. Longhurst C.A. Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a highly vaccinated health system workforce N Engl J Med 385 2021 1330 1332 34469645 PMC8451183
  20. [47]Andrews N. Tessier E. Stowe J. Gower C. Kirsebom F. Simmons R. Vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection of Comirnaty, Vaxzevria and Spikevax against mild and severe COVID-19 in the UK 2021 medRxiv 10.1101/2021.09.15.21263583 09.15.21263583 · DOI
  21. [49]Chemaitelly H. Yassine H.M. Benslimane F.M. Al Khatib H.A. Tang P. Hasan M.R. mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants and severe COVID-19 disease in Qatar Nat Med 27 2021 1 8 34244681
  22. [50]Chodick G. Tene L. Rotem R.S. Patalon T. Gazit S. Ben-Tov A. The effectiveness of the TWO-DOSE BNT162b2 vaccine: analysis of real-world data Clin Infect Dis 2021 ciab438 PMC8240867 33999127
  23. [51]Fabiani M. Ramigni M. Gobbetto V. Mateo-Urdiales A. Pezzotti P. Piovesan C. Effectiveness of the Comirnaty (BNT162b2, BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccine in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers, Treviso province, Veneto region, Italy, 27 December 2020 to 24 March 2021 Eurosurveillance 26 2021 2100420 33928898 PMC8086247
  24. [52]Angel Y. Spitzer A. Henig O. Saiag E. Sprecher E. Padova H. Association between vaccination with BNT162b2 and incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections among health care workers JAMA 325 2021 2457 2465 33956048 PMC8220476
  25. [53]Pilishvili T. Gierke R. Fleming-Dutra K.E. Farrar J.L. Mohr N.M. Talan D.A. Effectiveness of mRNA Covid-19 vaccine among U.S. health care personnel N Engl J Med 2021 NEJMoa2106599 PMC8482809 34551224
  26. [54]Andrews N. Tessier E. Stowe J. Gower C. Kirsebom F. Simmons R. Vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection of Comirnaty, Vaxzevria and Spikevax against mild and severe COVID-19 in the UK 2021 medRxiv 09.15.21263583
  27. [55]Faria E de Guedes A.R. Oliveira M.S. Moreira MV. de G. Maia F.L. Barboza A. dos S. Performance of vaccination with CoronaVac in a cohort of healthcare workers (HCW) - preliminary report 2021 medRxiv 04.12.21255308
  28. [56]Jara A. Undurraga E.A. González C. Paredes F. Fontecilla T. Jara G. Effectiveness of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Chile N Engl J Med 385 2021 875 884 34233097 PMC8279092
  29. [57]Li X.-N. Huang Y. Wang W. Jing Q.-L. Zhang C.-H. Qin P.-Z. Effectiveness of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines against the Delta variant infection in Guangzhou: a test-negative case–control real-world study Emerg Microbe. Infect 10 2021 1751 1759 PMC8425710 34396940
  30. [58]Haas E.J. Angulo F.J. McLaughlin J.M. Anis E. Singer S.R. Khan F. Nationwide vaccination campaign with BNT162b2 in Israel demonstrates high vaccine effectiveness and marked declines in incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths [Internet] 2021 Social Science Research Network Rochester, NY mars [cité 17 avr 2021]. Report No.: ID 3811387 https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3811387
  31. [59]Rosenberg E.S. New COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations among adults, by vaccination status — New York, may 3–July 25, 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 1150 1155 34437517 PMC8389393
  32. [61]Polinski J.M. Weckstein A.R. Batech M. Kabelac C. Kamath T. Harvey R. Effectiveness of the single-dose Ad26 COV2.S COVID Vaccine medRxiv 2021 09.10.21263385
  33. [62]Pawlowski C. Lenehan P. Puranik A. Agarwal V. Venkatakrishnan A.J. Niesen M.J.M. FDA-authorized mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are effective per real-world evidence synthesized across a multi-state health system Med (N Y) 2 2021 979 992.e8 34223401 PMC8238652
  34. [63]Tenforde M.W. Effectiveness of pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines against COVID-19 among hospitalized adults aged ≥65 Years — United States, January–March 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 674 679 33956782 PMC9368749
  35. [64]Shah A.S.V. Gribben C. Bishop J. Hanlon P. Caldwell D. Wood R. Effect of vaccination on transmission of SARS-CoV-2 N Engl J Med 385 2021 1718 1720 NEJMc2106757 34496200 PMC8451182
  36. [65]Lumley S.F. Rodger G. Constantinides B. Sanderson N. Chau K.K. Street T.L. An observational cohort study on the incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and B.1.1.7 variant infection in healthcare workers by antibody and vaccination status Clin Infect Dis 2021 ciab608 PMC8994591 34216472
  37. [66]Pouwels K.B. Pritchard E. Matthews P.C. Stoesser N. Eyre D.W. Vihta K.-D. Impact of Delta on viral burden and vaccine effectiveness against new SARS-CoV-2 infections in the UK 2021 medRxiv 08.18.21262237 PMC8674129 34650248
  38. [67]Tang P. Hasan M.R. Chemaitelly H. Yassine H.M. Benslimane F.M. Khatib H.A.A. BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant in Qatar 2021 medRxiv 08.11.21261885 34728831
  39. [68]Puranik A. Lenehan P.J. Silvert E. Niesen M.J.M. Corchado-Garcia J. O’Horo J.C. Comparison of two highly-effective mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 during periods of Alpha and Delta variant prevalence 2021 medRxiv 2021.08.06.212617072021
  40. [69]Goldberg Y. Mandel M. Bar-On Y.M. Bodenheimer O. Freedman L. Haas E.J. Waning immunity of the BNT162b2 vaccine: a nationwide study from Israel 2021 medRxiv 8.24.21262423 PMC8609604 34706170
  41. [70]Thompson M.G. Burgess J.L. Naleway A.L. Tyner H.L. Yoon S.K. Meece J. Interim estimates of vaccine effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection among health care personnel, first responders, and other essential and frontline workers — eight U.S. Locations, December 2020–March 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 PMC8022879 33793460
  42. [71]Bianchi F.P. Germinario C.A. Migliore G. Vimercati L. Martinelli A. Lobifaro A. BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a preliminary report J Infect Dis 224 2021 431 434 34007998 PMC8194590
  43. [73]Heymann A.D. Zacay G. Shasha D. Bareket R. Kadim I. Sikron F.H. BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness in preventing asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus: a nationwide historical cohort study SSRN 2021 https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3796868 PMC8231369 34189176
  44. [75]Tang L. Hijano D.R. Gaur A.H. Geiger T.L. Neufeld E.J. Hoffman J.M. Asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections after BNT162b2 vaccination in a routinely screened workforce JAMA 325 2021 2500 2502 33956050 PMC8220512
  45. [76]Tande A.J. Pollock B.D. Shah N.D. Farrugia G. Virk A. Swift M. Impact of the COVID-19 Vaccine on asymptomatic infection among patients undergoing pre-procedural COVID-19 molecular screening Clin Infect Dis 2021 ciab229 PMC7989519 33704435
  46. [77]Butt A.A. Omer S.B. Yan P. Shaikh O.S. Mayr F.B. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in a high-risk national population in a real-world setting Ann Intern Med 174 2021 1404 1408 34280332 PMC8381771
  47. [78]Andrejko K.L. Pry J. Myers J.F. Jewell N.P. Openshaw J. Watt J. Prevention of COVID-19 by mRNA-based vaccines within the general population of California Clin Infect Dis 2021 ciab640 PMC8406879 34282839
  48. [79]Elliott P. Haw D. Wang H. Eales O. Walters C. Ainslie K. REACT-1 round 13 final report: exponential growth, high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and vaccine effectiveness associated with Delta variant in England during May to July 2021 http://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/handle/10044/1/90800 PMC10763627 34726481
  49. [80]Fowlkes A. Gaglani M. Groover K. Thiese M.S. Tyner H. Ellingson K. Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection among frontline workers before and during B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant predominance — eight U.S. locations, December 2020–August 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 1167 1169 34437521 PMC8389394
  50. [83]Thompson M.G. Burgess J.L. Naleway A.L. Tyner H. Yoon S.K. Meece J. Prevention and attenuation of covid-19 with the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines N Engl J Med 22 Juill 385 2021 320 329 PMC8262622 34192428
  51. [84]Levine-Tiefenbrun M. Yelin I. Katz R. Herzel E. Golan Z. Schreiber L. Initial report of decreased SARS-CoV-2 viral load after inoculation with the BNT162b2 vaccine Nat Med Mai 27 2021 790 792 33782619
  52. [85]Griffin J.B. SARS-CoV-2 infections and hospitalizations among persons aged ≥16 years, by vaccination status — Los Angeles County, California, May 1–July 25, 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 1170 1176 34437525 PMC8389389
  53. [86]Brown C.M. Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infections, including COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections, associated with large public gatherings — Barnstable County, Massachusetts, July 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 1059 1062 34351882 PMC8367314
  54. [87]Chia P.Y. Ong S.W.X. Chiew C.J. Ang L.W. Chavatte J.-M. Mak T.-M. Virological and serological kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant vaccine-breakthrough infections: a multi-center cohort study 2021 medRxiv 7.28.21261295 PMC8608661 34826623
  55. [88]Shamier M.C. Tostmann A. Bogers S. de Wilde J. IJpelaar J. van der Kleij W.A. Virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections in health care workers 2021 medRxiv 08.20.21262158
  56. [89]Harris R.J. Hall J.A. Zaidi A. Andrews N.J. Dunbar J.K. Dabrera G. Effect of vaccination on household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in England N Engl J Med 385 2021 759 760 34161702 PMC8262621
  57. [90]Prunas O. Warren J.L. Crawford F.W. Gazit S. Patalon T. Weinberger D.M. Vaccination with BNT162b2 reduces transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to household contacts in Israel 2021 medRxiv 7.13.21260393 PMC9261115 35084937
  58. [91]Salazar P.M.D. Link N. Lamarca K. Santillana M. High coverage COVID-19 mRNA vaccination rapidly controls SARS-CoV-2 transmission in long-term care facilities 2021 medRxiv 04.08.21255108 PMC9053242 35602197
  59. [92]Kang M. Xin H. Yuan J. Ali S.T. Liang Z. Zhang J. Transmission dynamics and epidemiological characteristics of Delta variant infections in China 2021 medRxiv 8.12.21261991 PMC8915401 35272744
  60. [93]Antonelli M. Penfold R.S. Merino J. Sudre C.H. Molteni E. Berry S. Risk factors and disease profile of post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK users of the COVID Symptom Study app: a prospective, community-based, nested, case-control study Lancet Infect Dis 2021 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00460-6 PMC8409907 34480857 · DOI · Paper page
  61. [94]Barouch D.H. Stephenson K.E. Sadoff J. Yu J. Chang A. Gebre M. Durable humoral and cellular immune responses following Ad26 COV2.S vaccination for COVID-19 2021 medRxiv 07.05.21259918 PMC8314733 34260834
  62. [96]Naaber P. Tserel L. Kangro K. Sepp E. Jürjenson V. Adamson A. Dynamics of antibody response to BNT162b2 vaccine after six months: a longitudinal prospective study Lancet Reg Health 2021 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100208 PMC8418937 34514454 · DOI
  63. [97]Pegu A. O’Connell S. Schmidt S.D. O’Dell S. Talana C.A. Lai L. Durability of mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants Science 373 2021 1372 1377 34385356 PMC8691522
  64. [98]Self W.H. Comparative effectiveness of Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) vaccines in preventing COVID-19 hospitalizations among adults without immunocompromising conditions — United States, March–August 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 1337 1343 34555004 PMC8459899
  65. [99]van Dorp L. Richard D. Tan C.C.S. Shaw L.P. Acman M. Balloux F. No evidence for increased transmissibility from recurrent mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Nat Commun 11 2020 5986 33239633 PMC7688939
  66. [104]Campbell F. Archer B. Laurenson-Schafer H. Jinnai Y. Konings F. Batra N. Increased transmissibility and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern as at June 2021 Eurosurveillance 26 2021 2100509 34142653 PMC8212592
  67. [106]Ramanathan M. Ferguson I.D. Miao W. Khavari P.A. SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 spike variants bind human ACE2 with increased affinity Lancet Infect Dis 2021 10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00262-0 PMC8133765 34022142 · DOI
  68. [107]Scheepers C. Everatt J. Amoako D.G. Mnguni A. Ismail A. Mahlangu B. The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa: a new lineage with rapid accumulation of mutations of concern and global detection 2021 medRxiv 08.20.21262342
  69. [109]Twohig K.A. Nyberg T. Zaidi A. Thelwall S. Sinnathamby M.A. Aliabadi S. Hospital admission and emergency care attendance risk for SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) compared with alpha (B.1.1.7) variants of concern: a cohort study Lancet Infect Dis 2021 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309921004758 PMC8397301 34461056
  70. [110]Liu Y. Liu J. Xia H. Zhang X. Fontes-Garfias C.R. Swanson K.A. Neutralizing activity of BNT162b2-elicited serum N Engl J Med 384 2021 1466 1468 33684280 PMC7944950
  71. [111]Xie X. Liu Y. Liu J. Zhang X. Zou J. Fontes-Garfias C.R. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 spike 69/70 deletion, E484K and N501Y variants by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited sera Nat Med 27 2021 620 621 33558724
  72. [112]Hoffmann M. Arora P. Groß R. Seidel A. Hörnich B.F. Hahn A.S. SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and P.1 escape from neutralizing antibodies Cell 184 2021 2384 2393 33794143 PMC7980144
  73. [116]Bates T.A. Leier H.C. Lyski Z.L. McBride S.K. Coulter F.J. Weinstein J.B. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants by convalescent and vaccinated serum 2021 medRxiv 04.04.21254881 PMC8390486 34446720
  74. [118]Ikegame S. Siddiquey M.N.A. Hung C.-T. Haas G. Brambilla L. Oguntuyo K.Y. Qualitatively distinct modes of Sputnik V vaccine-neutralization escape by SARS-CoV-2 Spike variants 2021 medRxiv 3.31.21254660
  75. [119]Wang Z. Schmidt F. Weisblum Y. Muecksch F. Barnes C.O. Finkin S. mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants Nature 592 2021 616 622 33567448 PMC8503938
  76. [120]Dejnirattisai W. Zhou D. Supasa P. Liu C. Mentzer A.J. Ginn H.M. Antibody evasion by the P.1 strain of SARS-CoV-2 Cell 184 2021 2939 2954.e9 33852911 PMC8008340
  77. [121]Lustig Y. Nemet I. Kliker L. Zuckerman N. Yishai R. Alroy-Preis S. Neutralizing response against variants after SARS-CoV-2 infection and one dose of BNT162b2 N Engl J Med 384 2021 2453 2454 33826815 PMC8063887
  78. [123]Wu K. Werner A.P. Moliva J.I. Koch M. Choi A. Stewart-Jones G.B.E. mRNA-1273 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against spike mutants from global SARS-CoV-2 variants 2021 BioRxiv 1.25.42794
  79. [124]Wang G.-L. Wang Z.-Y. Duan L.-J. Meng Q.-C. Jiang M.-D. Cao J. Susceptibility of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants to neutralization N Engl J Med 384 2021 2354 2356 33822491 PMC8063885
  80. [125]Sapkal G.N. Yadav P.D. Ella R. Deshpande G.R. Sahay R.R. Gupta N. Neutralization of UK-variant VUI-202012/01 with COVAXIN vaccinated human serum 2021 bioRxiv 1.26.426986
  81. [126]Chen Y. Shen H. Huang R. Tong X. Wu C. Serum neutralising activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants elicited by CoronaVac Lancet Infect Dis 21 2021 1071 1072 34051887 PMC8159188
  82. [128]Shen X. Tang H. McDanal C. Wagh K. Fischer W. Theiler J. SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 is susceptible to neutralizing antibodies elicited by ancestral Spike vaccines 2021 bioRxiv 1.27.428516 PMC7934674 33705729
  83. [129]Huang B. Dai L. Wang H. Hu Z. Yang X. Tan W. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 VOC 501Y.V2 by human antisera elicited by both inactivated BBIBP-CorV and recombinant dimeric RBD ZF2001 vaccines 2021 bioRxiv 02.01.429069
  84. [131]Edara V.V. Norwood C. Floyd K. Lai L. Davis-Gardner M.E. Hudson W.H. Infection- and vaccine-induced antibody binding and neutralization of the B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variant Cell Host Microbe 29 2021 516 521.e3 33798491 PMC7980225
  85. [133]Davis C. Logan N. Tyson G. Orton R. Harvey W. Haughney J. Reduced neutralisation of the Delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern following vaccination 2021 medRxiv 6.23.21259327 PMC8639073 34855916
  86. [134]Jongeneelen M. Kaszas K. Veldman D. Huizingh J. Vlugt R van der Schouten T. Ad26.COV2.S elicited neutralizing activity against Delta and other SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern 2021 bioRxiv 07.01.450707
  87. [135]Lopez Ledesma M.M.G. Sanchez L. Ojeda D.S. Rouco S.O. Rossi A.H. Varese A. Temporal increase in neutralization potency of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and reduced viral variant escape after Sputnik V vaccination 2021 medRxiv 8.22.21262186
  88. [137]Tada T. Zhou H. Samanovic M.I. Dcosta B.M. Cornelius A. Mulligan M.J. Comparison of neutralizing antibody titers elicited by mrna and adenoviral vector vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants 2021 bioRxiv 7.19.452771
  89. [138]Choi A. Koch M. Wu K. Dixon G. Oestreicher J. Legault H. Serum neutralizing activity of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 variants 2021 bioRxiv 6.28.449914 PMC8577347 34549975
  90. [139]Liu J. Liu Y. Xia H. Zou J. Weaver S.C. Swanson K.A. BNT162b2-elicited neutralization of B.1.617 and other SARS-CoV-2 variants Nature 596 2021 273 275 34111888
  91. [140]Liu C. Ginn H.M. Dejnirattisai W. Supasa P. Wang B. Tuekprakhon A. Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 by vaccine and convalescent serum Cell 184 2021 4220 4236 34242578 PMC8218332
  92. [141]Lustig Y. Zuckerman N. Nemet I. Atari N. Kliker L. Regev-Yochay G. Neutralising capacity against Delta (B.1.617.2) and other variants of concern following Comirnaty (BNT162b2, BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccination in health care workers Isr Eurosurveillance 26 2021 2100557 PMC8326656 34212838
  93. [142]Mlcochova P. Kemp S. Dhar M.S. Papa G. Meng B. Ferreira I.A.T.M. SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant replication and immune evasion Nature 2021 10.1038/s41586-021-03944-y PMC8566220 34488225 · DOI · Paper page
  94. [143]Hu J. Wei X. Xiang J. Peng P. Xu F. Wu K. Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 variant by inactivated and RBD-subunit vaccine 2021 bioRxiv 07.09.451732
  95. [144]Gushchin V.A. Dolzhikova I.V. Shchetinin A.M. Odintsova A.S. Siniavin A.E. Nikiforova M.A. Neutralizing activity of sera from Sputnik V-vaccinated people against variants of concern (VOC: B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, B.1.617.2, B.1.617.3) and Moscow endemic SARS-CoV-2 variants Vaccines 9 2021 779 34358195 PMC8310330
  96. [146]Hoffmann M. Hofmann-Winkler H. Krüger N. Kempf A. Nehlmeier I. Graichen L. SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617 is resistant to Bamlanivimab and evades antibodies induced by infection and vaccination 2021 bioRxiv 05.04.442663 PMC8238662 34270919
  97. [147]Seppälä E. Veneti L. Starrfelt J. Danielsen A.S. Bragstad K. Hungnes O. Vaccine effectiveness against infection with the delta (B.1.617.2) variant, Norway, April to August 2021 Eurosurveillance 26 2021 2100793 34477054 PMC8414959
  98. [149]Annavajhala M.K. Mohri H. Wang P. Zucker J.E. Sheng Z. Gomez-Simmonds A. A novel and expanding SARS-CoV-2 variant, B.1.526, identified in New York 2021 medRxiv 2.23.21252259
  99. [150]Carreño J.M. Alshammary H. Singh G. Raskin A. Amanat F. Amoako A. Reduced neutralizing activity of post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination serum against variants B.1.617.2, B.1.351, B.1.1.7+E484K and a sub-variant of C.37 2021 medRxiv 07.21.21260961
  100. [151]McCallum M. Bassi J. Marco A.D. Chen A. Walls A.C. Iulio J.D. SARS-CoV-2 immune evasion by variant B.1.427/B.1.429 Science 373 2021 648 654 34210893 PMC9835956
  101. [152]Liu Y. Liu J. Xia H. Zhang X. Zou J. Fontes-Garfias C.R. BNT162b2-elicited neutralization against New SARS-CoV-2 spike variants N Engl J Med 385 2021 472 474 33979486 PMC8133696
  102. [153]Messali S. Bertelli A. Campisi G. Zani A. Ciccozzi M. Caruso A. A cluster of the new SARS-CoV-2 B.1.621 lineage in Italy and sensitivity of the viral isolate to the BNT162b2 vaccine J Med Virol 93 2021 6468 6470 34329486 PMC8426698
  103. [154]Tada T. Zhou H. Dcosta B.M. Samanovic M.I. Mulligan M.J. Landau N.R. SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant remains susceptible to neutralization by mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies and convalescent serum 2021 bioRxiv 07.02.450959v1
  104. [155]Khoury D.S. Cromer D. Reynaldi A. Schlub T.E. Wheatley A.K. Juno J.A. Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection Nat Med 27 2021 1205 1211 34002089
  105. [157]Mateus J. Dan J.M. Zhang Z. Moderbacher C.R. Lammers M. Goodwin B. Low dose mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine generates durable T cell memory and antibodies enhanced by pre-existing crossreactive T cell memory 2021 medRxiv 06.30.21259787v1 PMC8542617 34519540
  106. [158]Ciabattini A. Pastore G. Fiorino F. Polvere J. Lucchesi S. Pettini E. Evidence of SARS-Cov-2-specific memory B cells six months after vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine 2021 medRxiv 07.12.21259864v1 PMC8505800 34650563
  107. [159]Shaw R.H. Stuart A. Greenland M. Liu X. Van-Tam J.S.N. Snape M.D. Heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination: initial reactogenicity data Lancet 397 2021 2043 2046 PMC8115940 33991480
  108. [161]Liu X. Shaw R.H. Stuart A.S.V. Greenland M. Aley P.K. Andrews N.J. Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial Lancet 398 2021 856 869 34370971 PMC8346248
  109. [162]Patamatamkul S. Buranrat B. Thammawat S. Induction of robust neutralizing antibodies against the COVID-19 Delta variant with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 as a booster following a primary vaccination series with CoronaVac 2021 medRxiv 9.25.21264099v1
  110. [163]Voysey M. Clemens S.A.C. Madhi S.A. Weckx L.Y. Folegatti P.M. Aley P.K. Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: a pooled analysis of four randomised trials Lancet 397 2021 881 891 33617777 PMC7894131
  111. [164]Tauzin A. Gong S.Y. Beaudoin-Bussieres G. Vezina D. Gasser R. Nault L. Strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination with a sixteen-week interval between doses 2021 medRxiv 09.17.21263532v1 PMC8639412 34953513
  112. [165]Parry H. Bruton R. Stephens C. Brown K. Amirthalingam G. Hallis B. Extended interval BNT162b2 vaccination enhances peak antibody generation in older people 2021 medRxiv 05.15.21257017v1 PMC8795435 35087066
  113. [166]Monin L. Laing A.G. Muñoz-Ruiz M. McKenzie D.R. Barrio I del M del Alaguthurai T. Safety and immunogenicity of one versus two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 for patients with cancer: interim analysis of a prospective observational study Lancet Oncol 22 2021 765 778 33930323 PMC8078907
  114. [167]Boyarsky B.J. Werbel W.A. Avery R.K. Tobian A.A.R. Massie A.B. Segev D.L. Immunogenicity of a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients JAMA 325 2021 1784 33720292 PMC7961463
  115. [168]Palich R. Veyri M. Vozy A. Marot S. Gligorov J. Benderra M.-A. High seroconversion rate but low antibody titers after two injections of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine in patients treated with chemotherapy for solid cancers Ann Oncol 32 2021 1294 1295 34171494 PMC8217700
  116. [169]Hall V.G. Ferreira V.H. Ku T. Ierullo M. Majchrzak-Kita B. Chaparro C. Randomized trial of a third dose of mRNA-1273 vaccine in transplant recipients N Engl J Med 385 2021 1244 1246 34379917 PMC8385563
  117. [170]Benotmane I. Gautier G. Perrin P. Olagne J. Cognard N. Fafi-Kremer S. Antibody response after a third dose of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients with minimal serologic response to 2 doses JAMA 326 2021 1063 1065 34297036 PMC8456389
  118. [171]Patalon T. Gazit S. Pitzer V.E. Prunas O. Warren J.L. Weinberger D.M. Short term reduction in the odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2; a comparison between two doses and three doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine 2021 medRxiv 8.29.21262792v1
  119. [172]Bar-On Y.M. Goldberg Y. Mandel M. Bodenheimer O. Freedman L. Kalkstein N. Protection of BNT162b2 vaccine booster against Covid-19 in Israel N Engl J Med 385 2021 1393 1400 34525275 PMC8461568
  120. [173]Falsey A.R. Frenck R.W. Walsh E.E. Kitchin N. Absalon J. Gurtman A. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization with BNT162b2 vaccine dose 3 N Engl J Med 385 2021 1627 1629 34525276 PMC8461567
  121. [174]Choi A. Koch M. Wu K. Chu L. Ma L. Hill A. Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variant mRNA vaccine boosters in healthy adults: an interim analysis Nat Med 2021 10.1038/s41591-021-01527-y PMC8604720 34526698 · DOI · Paper page
  122. [175]Stamatatos L. Czartoski J. Wan Y.-H. Homad L.J. Rubin V. Glantz H. mRNA vaccination boosts cross-variant neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection Science 2021 eabg9175 10.1126/science.abg9175 PMC8139425 33766944 · DOI · Paper page
  123. [176]Krammer F. Srivastava K. Alshammary H. Amoako A.A. Awawda M.H. Beach K.F. Antibody responses in seropositive persons after a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine N Engl J Med 384 2021 1372 1374 33691060 PMC8008743
  124. [179]Samanovic M.I. Cornelius A.R. Wilson J.P. Karmacharya T. Gray-Gaillard S.L. Allen J.R. Poor antigen-specific responses to the second BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine dose in SARS-CoV-2-experienced individuals 2021 medRxiv 02.07.21251311 PMC9248013 34874183
  125. [180]Saadat S. Tehrani Z.R. Logue J. Newman M. Frieman M.B. Harris A.D. Single dose vaccination in healthcare workers previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 2021 medRxiv 01.30.21250843
  126. [184]Zauche L.H. Wallace B. Smoots A.N. Olson C.K. Oduyebo T. Kim S.Y. Receipt of mRNA covid-19 vaccines and risk of spontaneous abortion N Engl J Med 385 2021 1533 1535 34496196 PMC8451181
  127. [185]Allotey J. Stallings E. Bonet M. Yap M. Chatterjee S. Kew T. Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: living systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ 370 2020 m3320 32873575 PMC7459193
  128. [186]Klein N.P. Lewis N. Goddard K. Fireman B. Zerbo O. Hanson K.E. Surveillance for adverse events after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination JAMA 326 2021 1390 1399 34477808 PMC8511971
  129. [188]Barda N. Dagan N. Ben-Shlomo Y. Kepten E. Waxman J. Ohana R. Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in a nationwide setting N Engl J Med 385 2021 1078 1090 34432976 PMC8427535
  130. [190]CDCMMWR Allergic Reactions including anaphylaxis After receipt of the first dose of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine — United States, december 21, 2020–January 10, 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70 2021 125 129 33507892 PMC7842812
  131. [193]Montalti M. Soldà G. Di Valerio Z. Salussolia A. Lenzi J. Forcellini M. ROCCA observational study: early results on safety of Sputnik V vaccine (Gam-COVID-Vac) in the Republic of San Marino using active surveillance EClinicalMedicine 38 2021 101027 34505029 PMC8413252
  132. [194]Pagotto V. Ferloni A. Mercedes Soriano M. Díaz M. Braguinsky Golde N. González M.I. Active monitoring of early safety of Sputnik V vaccine in Buenos Aires, Argentina Medicina (Mex) 81 2021 408 414 34137701
  133. [196]Abu-Hammad O. Alduraidi H. Abu-Hammad S. Alnazzawi A. Babkair H. Abu-Hammad A. Side effects reported by Jordanian Healthcare workers who received COVID-19 vaccines Vaccines 9 2021 577 34205917 PMC8228820
  134. [197]Almufty H.B. Mohammed S.A. Abdullah A.M. Merza M.A. Potential adverse effects of COVID19 vaccines among Iraqi population; a comparison between the three available vaccines in Iraq; a retrospective cross-sectional study Diabetes Metab Syndr 15 2021 102207 34280733 PMC8274281
  135. [205]Hitchings M.D.T. Ranzani O.T. Torres M.S.S. Oliveira SB de Almiron M. Said R. Effectiveness of CoronaVac among healthcare workers in the setting of high SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant transmission in Manaus, Brazil: a test-negative case-control study Lancet Reg Health 1 2021 100025 PMC8310555 34386791

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Fiolet, T., Kherabi, Y., MacDonald, C.-J., Ghosn, J., & Peiffer-Smadja, N.
Affiliations
Inserm (FR)
Corresponding author
Fiolet, Thibault
ORCID
Venue
Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-02
Volume
28
Issue
2
Pages
202-221
ISSN
1198-743X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cmi.2021.10.005
PMC
PMC8548286
OpenAlex
W3211051404
Cited by
911
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 31 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 207 · 2023: 312 · 2022: 256 · 2021: 4
FWCI
22.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Clinical Microbiology and Infection (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (ECO201906009060)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Keywords
COVID-19 vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, variants of concern, vaccine efficacy, vaccine effectiveness, BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, Sputnik V, AZD1222, CoronaVac, Delta variant, waning immunity, booster vaccination, heterologous vaccination, vaccine adverse events, myocarditis, vaccine pricing
MeSH terms
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, mRNA Vaccines, BNT162 Vaccine, 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Humans

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review