The retrotransposon R2 maintains Drosophila ribosomal DNA repeats
Open accessAbstract
Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci contain the hundreds of tandemly repeated copies of ribosomal RNA genes needed to support cellular viability. This repetitiveness makes it highly susceptible to copy number (CN) loss, threatening multi-generational maintenance of rDNA. How this threat is counteracted to avoid extinction of the lineage has remained unclear. Here, we show that the rDNA-specific retrotransposon R2 is essential for rDNA CN maintenance in the Drosophila male germline, despite the perceived disruptive nature of transposable elements. Depletion of R2 led to defective rDNA CN maintenance, causing a decline in fecundity over generations and eventual extinction. This study reveals that active retrotransposons can provide a benefit to their hosts, contrary to their reputation as genomic parasites, which may contribute to their widespread success throughout taxa. One Sentence Summary: The retrotransposon R2 initiates restoration of ribosomal DNA copies to trans-generationally maintain essential locus.
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Some level of R2 expression may be beneficial for the host because the R2 endonuclease can initiate recombination restoring rDNA clusters in cells with decreased rDNA copy number.
“On the other hand, some level of R2 expression may be beneficial for the host, since it has been suggested that the R2 endonuclease can initiate recombination restoring rDNA clusters in cells with decreased rDNA copy number (45,46).”
From Impaired function of rDNA transcription initiation machinery leads to derepression of ribosomal genes with insertions of R2 retrotransposon (2022) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Nelson, J. O., Slicko, A., & Yamashita, Y. M.
- Affiliations
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yamashita, Yukiko M.
- Venue
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2021-07-12
- OpenAlex
- W3182763640
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- American Cancer Society (133949-PF-19-133-01-DMC)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Keywords
- ribosomal DNA, transposable elements, male germline, Drosophila, fecundity decline, lineage extinction, genomic parasites
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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