Cited by 658HIV Research and TreatmentHIV/AIDS drug development and treatmentT-cell and Retrovirus Studies

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HIV: Cell Binding and Entry

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Wilen, C. B., Tilton, J. C., Doms, R. W.·2012·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

DOI 10.1101/cshperspect.a006866PMC PMC3405824

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Abstract

The first step of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication cycle-binding and entry into the host cell-plays a major role in determining viral tropism and the ability of HIV to degrade the human immune system. HIV uses a complex series of steps to deliver its genome into the host cell cytoplasm while simultaneously evading the host immune response. To infect cells, the HIV protein envelope (Env) binds to the primary cellular receptor CD4 and then to a cellular coreceptor. This sequential binding triggers fusion of the viral and host cell membranes, initiating infection. Revealing the mechanism of HIV entry has profound implications for viral tropism, transmission, pathogenesis, and therapeutic intervention. Here, we provide an overview into the mechanism of HIV entry, provide historical context to key discoveries, discuss recent advances, and speculate on future directions in the field.

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Authors: Wilen, C. B., Tilton, J. C., & Doms, R. W.
Affiliations: University of Pennsylvania (US)
Case Western Reserve University (US)
ORCID: Wilen, C. B.
Tilton, J. C.
Venue: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Published: 2012-04-10
Volume: 2
Issue: 8
Pages: a006866-a006866
ISSN: 2157-1422 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006866
PMC: PMC3405824
OpenAlex: W2118545611
Cited by: 654
References: 106
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 68 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 8
Type: posted content
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (T32 AI000632, R01AI040880, F32AI077370, F32 1F32AI077370)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
Keywords: HIV entry, CD4 receptor, co-receptors, viral envelope glycoprotein, membrane fusion, viral tropism, HIV pathogenesis, HIV transmission, host immune evasion, HIV replication cycle
MeSH terms: Cell Transformation, Viral, HIV, Humans, Protein Binding, Virion, Signal Transduction, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, HIV Infections, HIV Envelope Protein gp120, CD4 Antigens, Integrins, Receptors, CCR5, env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Receptors, CCR4

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