Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 15,651

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon

Ferrari, A. C., Robertson, J.·2000·Physical Review B
DOI 10.1103/physrevb.61.14095
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The model and theoretical understanding of the Raman spectra in disordered and amorphous carbon are given. The nature of the G and D vibration modes in graphite is analyzed in terms of the resonant excitation of \ensuremath{\pi} states and the long-range polarizability of \ensuremath{\pi} bonding. Visible Raman data on disordered, amorphous, and diamondlike carbon are classified in a three-stage model to show the factors that control the position, intensity, and widths of the G and D peaks. It is shown that the visible Raman spectra depend formally on the configuration of the ${\mathrm{sp}}^{2}$ sites in ${\mathrm{sp}}^{2}$-bonded clusters. In cases where the ${\mathrm{sp}}^{2}$ clustering is controlled by the ${\mathrm{sp}}^{3}$ fraction, such as in as-deposited tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) or hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films, the visible Raman parameters can be used to derive the ${\mathrm{sp}}^{3}$ fraction.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1103/physrevb.61.14095

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 76

  1. J. Robertson, 1991, Prog. Solid State Chem., 21, 199, 10.1016/0079-6786(91)90002-H · DOI · Paper page
  2. J. Robertson, 1994, Pure Appl. Chem., 66, 1789, 10.1351/pac199466091789 · DOI
  3. D. S. Knight, 1989, J. Mater. Res., 4, 385, 10.1557/JMR.1989.0385 · DOI
  4. F. Tuinstra, 1970, J. Chem. Phys., 53, 1126, 10.1063/1.1674108 · DOI · Paper page
  5. R. J. Nemanich, 1979, Phys. Rev. B, 20, 392, 10.1103/PhysRevB.20.392 · DOI · Paper page
  6. P. Lespade, 1982, Carbon, 20, 427, 10.1016/0008-6223(82)90043-4 · DOI
  7. P. Lespade, 1984, Carbon, 22, 375, 10.1016/0008-6223(84)90009-5 · DOI
  8. N. Wada, 1980, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 35&36, 543, 10.1016/0022-3093(80)90651-1 · DOI
  9. S. R. Salis, 1996, Diamond Relat. Mater., 5, 589, 10.1016/0925-9635(96)90031-X · DOI
  10. R. O. Dillon, 1984, Phys. Rev. B, 29, 3482, 10.1103/PhysRevB.29.3482 · DOI · Paper page
  11. M. Yoshikawa, 1992, Phys. Rev. B, 46, 7169, 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.7169 · DOI
  12. J. Wagner, 1989, Phys. Rev. B, 40, 1817, 10.1103/PhysRevB.40.1817 · DOI
  13. M. A. Tamor, 1989, Appl. Phys. Lett., 54, 123, 10.1063/1.101228 · DOI
  14. M. A. Tamor, 1994, J. Appl. Phys., 76, 3823, 10.1063/1.357385 · DOI
  15. J. Schwan, 1996, J. Appl. Phys., 80, 440, 10.1063/1.362745 · DOI · Paper page
  16. K. W. R. Gilkes, 1997, Appl. Phys. Lett., 70, 1980, 10.1063/1.118798 · DOI
  17. V. I. Merkulov, 1997, Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, 4869, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4869 · DOI
  18. J. Robertson, 1987, Phys. Rev. B, 35, 2946, 10.1103/PhysRevB.35.2946 · DOI
  19. J. Robertson, 1986, Adv. Phys., 35, 317, 10.1080/00018738600101911 · DOI · Paper page
  20. W. A. Harrison, 1973, Phys. Rev. B, 8, 4487, 10.1103/PhysRevB.8.4487 · DOI
  21. C. A. Coulson, 1947, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 191, 39, 10.1098/rspa.1947.0102 · DOI
  22. C. A. Coulson, 1948, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 193, 447, 10.1098/rspa.1948.0056 · DOI
  23. J. Robertson, 1995, Diamond Relat. Mater., 4, 297, 10.1016/0925-9635(94)05264-6 · DOI
  24. C. Mapelli, 1999, Phys. Rev. B, 60, 12, 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.12710 · DOI
  25. G. Kresse, 1995, Europhys. Lett., 32, 729, 10.1209/0295-5075/32/9/005 · DOI
  26. P. Pavone, 1993, Phys. Rev. B, 48, 3164, 10.1103/PhysRevB.48.3156 · DOI
  27. T. Kohler, 1995, Phys. Rev. B, 52, 11, 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.11837 · DOI
  28. A. Richter, 1986, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 88, 131, 10.1016/S0022-3093(86)80093-X · DOI
  29. R. Alben, 1975, Phys. Rev. B, 11, 2271, 10.1103/PhysRevB.11.2271 · DOI · Paper page
  30. D. Beeman, 1977, Adv. Phys., 26, 339, 10.1080/00018737700101403 · DOI
  31. R. Al-Jishi, 1982, Phys. Rev. B, 26, 4514, 10.1103/PhysRevB.26.4514 · DOI
  32. R. A. Jishi, 1993, Chem. Phys. Lett., 209, 77, 10.1016/0009-2614(93)87205-H · DOI
  33. R. J. Nemanich, 1981, Phys. Rev. B, 23, 6348, 10.1103/PhysRevB.23.6348 · DOI
  34. R. Shuker, 1970, Phys. Rev. Lett., 25, 222, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.25.222 · DOI
  35. F. Li, 1992, Appl. Phys. Lett., 61, 2116, 10.1063/1.108324 · DOI
  36. G. P. Lopinski, 1996, Appl. Phys. Lett., 69, 3348, 10.1063/1.117302 · DOI
  37. D. Lin-Vien, 1991, The Handbook of Infrared and Raman Characteristic Frequencies of Organic Molecules
  38. R. P. Vidano, 1981, Solid State Commun., 39, 341, 10.1016/0038-1098(81)90686-4 · DOI
  39. A. V. Baranov, 1987, Opt. Spectrosc., 62, 612
  40. I. Pocsik, 1998, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 227–230, 1083, 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00349-4 · DOI
  41. M. J. Matthews, 1999, Phys. Rev. B, 59, 6585, 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.R6585 · DOI
  42. P. Y. Yu, 1996, Fundamentals of Semiconductors, 10.1007/978-3-662-03313-5 · DOI
  43. P. Tan, 1998, Phys. Rev. B, 58, 5435, 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.5435 · DOI
  44. D. G. McCulloch, 1994, Phys. Rev. B, 50, 5905, 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.5905 · DOI
  45. D. G. McCulloch, 1995, J. Appl. Phys., 78, 3040, 10.1063/1.360054 · DOI
  46. S. Prawer, 1996, Diamond Relat. Mater., 5, 433, 10.1016/0925-9635(95)00363-0 · DOI
  47. M. V. Klein, 1982, Light Scattering in Solids III
  48. D. Beeman, 1984, Phys. Rev. B, 30, 870, 10.1103/PhysRevB.30.870 · DOI
  49. S. Prawer, 1998, Diamond Relat. Mater., 7, 106, 10.1016/S0925-9635(97)00194-5 · DOI
  50. J. D. Hund, 1995, Phys. Rev. B, 52, 8106, 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.8106 · DOI
  51. A. Cuesta, 1998, J. Mater. Chem., 8, 2875, 10.1039/a805841e · DOI
  52. H. Wilhem, 1998, J. Appl. Phys., 84, 6552, 10.1063/1.369027 · DOI
  53. F. Li, 1990, Phys. Rev. Lett., 65, 1905, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.65.1905 · DOI
  54. M. Chhowalla, 2000, Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 1419, 10.1063/1.126050 · DOI
  55. F. Parmigiani, 1988, J. Appl. Phys., 64, 3031, 10.1063/1.341566 · DOI
  56. G. Galli, 1989, Phys. Rev. Lett., 62, 555, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.555 · DOI · Paper page
  57. U. Stephan, 1994, Phys. Rev. B, 49, 1489, 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1489 · DOI
  58. K. W. R. Gilkes, 1995, Phys. Rev. B, 51, 12
  59. D. A. Drabold, 1994, Phys. Rev. B, 49, 16, 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.16415 · DOI
  60. N. A. Marks, 1996, Phys. Rev. B, 54, 9703, 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.9703 · DOI
  61. Y. Yacoby, 1991, Light Scattering in Solid IV
  62. J. W. Ager, 1995, Appl. Phys. Lett., 66, 3444, 10.1063/1.113382 · DOI
  63. A. C. Ferrari, 1999, J. Appl. Phys., 85, 7191, 10.1063/1.370531 · DOI
  64. T. A. Friedmann, 1997, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 3820, 10.1063/1.120515 · DOI
  65. S. Anders, 1997, Thin Solid Films, 308, 186, 10.1016/S0040-6090(97)00385-4 · DOI
  66. D. R. Tallant, 1998, MRS Symposia Proceedings
  67. D. G. McCulloch, 1995, Phys. Rev. B, 52, 850, 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.850 · DOI
  68. D. G. McCulloch, 1997, Diamond Relat. Mater., 6, 1622, 10.1016/S0925-9635(97)00033-2 · DOI
  69. P. Koidl, 1990, Mater. Sci. Forum, 52, 41, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.52-53.41 · DOI
  70. J. Ristein, 1998, J. Appl. Phys., 84, 3836, 10.1063/1.368563 · DOI · Paper page
  71. N. A. Morrison, 1999, Thin Solid Films, 337, 71, 10.1016/S0040-6090(98)01187-0 · DOI
  72. B. Marchon, 1997, IEEE Trans. Magn., 33, 3148, 10.1109/20.617873 · DOI
  73. J. Robertson, 1997, Philos. Mag. B, 76, 335, 10.1080/01418639708241098 · DOI
  74. M. A. Tamor, 1991, Appl. Phys. Lett., 58, 592, 10.1063/1.104597 · DOI
  75. R. Kleber, 1991, Thin Solid Films, 205, 274, 10.1016/0040-6090(91)90314-N · DOI
  76. R. H. Jarman, 1986, Appl. Phys. Lett., 49, 1065, 10.1063/1.97476 · DOI

Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Ferrari, A. C., & Robertson, J.
Venue
Physical Review B
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Published
2000-05-15
Volume
61
Issue
20
Pages
14095-14107
ISSN
  • 0163-1829 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-3795
DOI
10.1103/physrevb.61.14095
OpenAlex
W2235679284
Cited by
15,651
References
0
FWCI
82.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
link.aps.org/licenses/aps-default-license (vor)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.