Bidirectional Peripheral Nerve Interface With 64 Second-Order Opamp-Less ΔΣ ADCs and Fully Integrated Wireless Power/Data Transmission
Abstract
An active probe and microstimulator SoC for interfacing with peripheral nerves is presented. It performs 64-channel artifact-tolerant neural recording, cuff imbalance compensation by impedance sensing, and neurostimulation for the closed-loop operation. Each recording channel is a second-order opamp-less$\Delta \Sigma $ADC that consumes 140 nW and occupies 0.01 mm2area in 130 nm CMOS. The single-loop$\Delta \Sigma $architecture achieves second-order noise shaping with two passive integrators. To the best of our knowledge, this yields the lowest power and area of any second-order$\Delta \Sigma $ADC and the lowest FOM (fJ/conv. step) of any passive second-order$\Delta \Sigma $ADC (27 fJ/conv. step). The SoC uniquely performs multi-modal input signal recording: voltage (for neural recording) and current (for impedance sensing) are measured concurrently using frequency multiplexing. The SoC also features a 60 MHz energy-efficient inductive powering link and a 600 MHz RF data communication link. The prototype is validatedin vivoin the rat sciatic nerve for electroneurogram (ENG) sensing and the correction of impedance-imbalance in cuff electrodes.
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Recording circuits developed for the PNS have strict requirements of noise cancellation due to the proximity of sources of biosignal interference including electromyogram and electrocardiogram which are orders of magnitude larger than the signals of interest.
“Recording circuits developed for the PNS have strict requirements of noise cancellation due to the proximity of sources of biosignal interference including electromyogram and electrocardiogram which are orders of magnitude larger than the signals of interest [54].”
From Active Neural Interface Circuits and Systems for Selective Control of Peripheral Nerves: A Review (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
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Active Neural Interface Circuits and Systems for Selective Control of Peripheral Nerves: A Review
Habibollahi, M., Jiang, D., Lancashire, H. T., & Demosthenous, A. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2024.3430038 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Recording circuits developed for the PNS have strict requirements of noise cancellation due to the proximity of sources of biosignal interference including electromyogram and electrocardiogram which are orders of magnitude larger than the signals of interest [54].”
- Authors
- ElAnsary, M., Xu, J., Filho, J. S., Dutta, G., Long, L., Tejeiro, C., Shoukry, A., Tang, C., Kilinc, E., Joshi, J., Sabetian, P., Unger, S., Zariffa, J., Yoo, P., & Genov, R.
- Affiliations
- Ain Shams University (EG)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- ORCID
- Venue
- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
- Published
- 2021-11
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3247-3262
- ISSN
- 0018-9200 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-173X
- OpenAlex
- W3204012403
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 8
- FWCI
- 2.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
- Keywords
- peripheral nerve interfaces, neural recording, neurostimulation, low-power analog-to-digital converter, inductive power transfer, RF data transmission, electroneurogram, rat sciatic nerve, frequency multiplexing
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