The DOI matches its Crossref record; 278 of the 280 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dynamic Neural Networks: A Survey
Open accessAbstract
Dynamic neural network is an emerging research topic in deep learning. Compared to static models which have fixed computational graphs and parameters at the inference stage, dynamic networks can adapt their structures or parameters to different inputs, leading to notable advantages in terms of accuracy, computational efficiency, adaptiveness, etc. In this survey, we comprehensively review this rapidly developing area by dividing dynamic networks into three main categories: 1) sample-wise dynamic models that process each sample with data-dependent architectures or parameters; 2) spatial-wise dynamic networks that conduct adaptive computation with respect to different spatial locations of image data; and 3) temporal-wise dynamic models that perform adaptive inference along the temporal dimension for sequential data such as videos and texts. The important research problems of dynamic networks, e.g., architecture design, decision making scheme, optimization technique and applications, are reviewed systematically. Finally, we discuss the open problems in this field together with interesting future research directions.
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“In contrast, DNNs enhance expressive ability by dynamically adjusting the network depth or activating certain specific modules as needed.”
From Advancements in the estimation of the state of charge of lithium-ion battery: a comprehensive review of traditional and deep learning approaches (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
In the citing paper
“DNNs[130] offer a potential solution, advancing the research of SOC estimation through their abilities to adaptively adjust their structure and parameters based on input data during the inference phase, providing greater flexibility than traditional static networks.”
From Advancements in the estimation of the state of charge of lithium-ion battery: a comprehensive review of traditional and deep learning approaches (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
In the citing paper
“DNNs, however, allocate computational resources efficiently by activating specific modules as needed.”
From Advancements in the estimation of the state of charge of lithium-ion battery: a comprehensive review of traditional and deep learning approaches (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
In the citing paper
“In contrast, static networks maintain fixed configurations post-training, which may be suboptimal in practical applications due to limited representational ability and inflexible resource allocation.”
From Advancements in the estimation of the state of charge of lithium-ion battery: a comprehensive review of traditional and deep learning approaches (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
In the citing paper
“DNNs are compatible with existing NN technologies and can seamlessly incorporate various advanced DL technologies.”
From Advancements in the estimation of the state of charge of lithium-ion battery: a comprehensive review of traditional and deep learning approaches (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
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Adaptive Computation Time for Recurrent Neural Networks
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Self-citationDynamic Multi-Scale Filters for Semantic Segmentation
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AdaFrame: Adaptive Frame Selection for Fast Video Recognition
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An Efficient Group Recommendation Model With Multiattention-Based Neural Networks
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Shallow-Deep Networks: Understanding and Mitigating Network OverthinkingPreprint
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Skip RNN: Learning to Skip State Updates in Recurrent Neural NetworksPreprint
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SBNet: Sparse Blocks Network for Fast Inference
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Dynamic Deep Neural Networks: Optimizing Accuracy-Efficiency Trade-Offs by Selective Execution
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Adaptive Convolution for Multi-Relational Learning
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Channel Gating Neural NetworksPreprint
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Dynamic Region-Aware Convolution
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Routing Networks: Adaptive Selection of Non-linear Functions for Multi-Task LearningPreprint
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Learned Image Downscaling for Upscaling Using Content Adaptive Resampler
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Learning to Predict Layout-to-image Conditional Convolutions for Semantic Image SynthesisPreprint
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AR-Net: Adaptive Frame Resolution for Efficient Action Recognition
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Compact Generalized Non-local NetworkPreprint
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DynamoNet: Dynamic Action and Motion Network
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Not All Images are Worth 16x16 Words: Dynamic Transformers for Efficient Image RecognitionPreprint
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Self-citationDifferentiable Patch Selection for Image Recognition
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Conditioned Regression Models for Non-blind Single Image Super-Resolution
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Spanet: Spatial Pyramid Attention Network for Enhanced Image Recognition
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You Look Twice: GaterNet for Dynamic Filter Selection in CNNs
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FrameExit: Conditional Early Exiting for Efficient Video Recognition
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Depth-Adaptive TransformerPreprint
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Dynamic Sampling Networks for Efficient Action Recognition in Videos
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Dual Dynamic Inference: Enabling More Efficient, Adaptive, and Controllable Deep Inference
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Question-Guided Hybrid Convolution for Visual Question Answering
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Adaptive Neural TreesPreprint
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Neural Speed Reading via Skim-RNNPreprint
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Deep Mixture of Experts via Shallow EmbeddingPreprint
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Dynamic Capacity NetworksPreprint
Almahairi, A., Ballas, N., Cooijmans, T., Zheng, Y., Larochelle, H., & Courville, A. C. (2015) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1511.07838 · Cited by 76
Adaptively Connected Neural Networks
Wang, G., Wang, K., & Lin, L. (2019) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2019.00188 · Cited by 75
SeerNet: Predicting Convolutional Neural Network Feature-Map Sparsity Through Low-Bit Quantization
Cao, S., Ma, L., Xiao, W., Zhang, C., Liu, Y., Zhang, L., Nie, L., & Yang, Z. Q. (2019) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2019.01147 · Cited by 73
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 280 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- 10.5555/2999134.2999257 · DOI
- 10.18653/vl/n19-142 · DOI
- Ha, Hypernetworks
- Dosovitskiy, An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale
- Pan, VA-RED 2: Video adaptive redundancy reduction
- 10.5555/3045118.3045336 · DOI
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
SimMIM: a Simple Framework for Masked Image Modeling
Xie, Z., Zhang, Z., Cao, Y., Lin, Y., Bao, J., Yao, Z., Dai, Q., & Hu, H. (2022) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00943 · Cited by 1,495
Domain Generalization: A Survey
Zhou, K., Liu, Z., Qiao, Y., Xiang, T., & Loy, C. C. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2022.3195549 · Cited by 1,315
Deep learning modelling techniques: Current progress, applications, advantages, and challenges
Ahmed, S. F., Alam, M. S. B., Hassan, M., Rozbu, M. R., Ishtiak, T., Rafa, N., Mofijur, M., Shawkat Ali, A. B. M., & Gandomi, A. H. (2023) · Artificial Intelligence Review · doi:10.1007/s10462-023-10466-8 · Cited by 1,079
Nonlinear Transform Source-Channel Coding for Semantic Communications
Dai, J., Wang, S., Tan, K., Si, Z., Qin, X., Niu, K., & Zhang, P. (2022) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2022.3180802 · Cited by 395
FLatten Transformer: Vision Transformer using Focused Linear Attention
Han, D., Pan, X., Han, Y., Song, S., & Huang, G. M. (2023) · IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv51070.2023.00548 · Cited by 386
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Han, Y., Huang, G., Song, S., Yang, L., Wang, H., & Wang, Y.
- Affiliations
- Tsinghua University (CN)
- Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence (CN)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
- Published
- 2022-11-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 7436-7456
- ISSN
- 0162-8828 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-9292
- 1939-3539
- OpenAlex
- W3204647170
- Cited by
- 848
- References
- 280
- Citations by year
- 2026: 162 · 2025: 213 · 2024: 191 · 2023: 170 · 2022: 74
- FWCI
- 7.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science and Technology Major Project (2018AAA0100701)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61906106, 62022048)
- Tsinghua University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Neural Networks and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Keywords
- dynamic neural networks, adaptive computation, adaptive inference, architectural design, decision-making scheme, optimization methods, sequential data, video analysis, text analysis
- MeSH terms
- Algorithms, Neural Networks, Computer
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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