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Uncertainty‐aware Visualization in Medical Imaging ‐ A Survey

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Examining Effort in 1D Uncertainty Communication Using Individual Differences in Working Memory and NASA-TLX

Castro, S. C., Quinan, P. S., Hosseinpour, H., & Padilla, L. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2021.3114803 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Is this Real?

Mannino, M., & Abouzied, A. (2019) · ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST) · doi:10.1145/3332165.3347866 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Interactive Cleaning for Progressive Visualization through Composite Questions

Luo, Y., Chai, C., Qin, X., Tang, N., & Li, G. (2020) · IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE) · doi:10.1109/icde48307.2020.00069 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Effects of Uncertainty Visualization on Map-Based Decision Making Under Time Pressure

Korporaal, M., Ruginski, I. T., & Fabrikant, S. (2020) · Frontiers of Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2020.00032 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Improving Visualization Design for Effective Multi-Objective Decision Making

Dy, B., Ibrahim, N., Poorthuis, A., & Joyce, S. C. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2021.3065126 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Information, incentives, and goals in election forecasts

Gelman, A., Hullman, J. R., Wlezien, C. B., & Morris, G. E. (2020) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500007981 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Everyday Uncertainty: How Blind People Use GenAI Tools for Information Access

Tang, X., Abdolrahmani, A., Gergle, D., & Piper, A. M. (2025) · Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3713433 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Visual‐Interactive Preprocessing of Multivariate Time Series Data

Bernard, J., Hutter, M., Reinemuth, H., Pfeifer, H., Bors, C., & Kohlhammer, J. (2019) · Computer Graphics Forum · doi:10.1111/cgf.13698 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Vagueness visualization in building models across different design stages

Abualdenien, J., & Borrmann, A. (2020) · Advanced Engineering Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.aei.2020.101107 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Robot-Assisted Decision-Making: Unveiling the Role of Uncertainty Visualisation and Embodiment

Schömbs, S., Pareek, S., Gonçalves, J., & Johal, W. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642911 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Exploring Uncertainty in Digital Scheduling, and The Wider Implications of Unrepresented Temporalities in HCI

Bowler, R. D., Bach, B., & Pschetz, L. (2022) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3491102.3502107 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Effective uncertainty visualization for aftershock forecast maps

Schneider, M., McDowell, M., Guttorp, P. M., Steel, E. A., & Fleischhut, N. (2022) · Natural hazards and earth system sciences · doi:10.5194/nhess-22-1499-2022 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Uncertainty-Aware Seasonal-Trend Decomposition Based on Loess

Krake, T., Klötzl, D., Hägele, D., & Weiskopf, D. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3364388 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Accounting for uncertainty during a pandemic

Zelner, J., Riou, J., Etzioni, R., & Gelman, A. (2020) · Patterns · doi:10.1016/j.patter.2021.100310 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Uncertainty Visualization of 2D Morse Complex Ensembles Using Statistical Summary Maps

Athawale, T. M., Maljovec, D., Yan, L., Johnson, C. R., Pascucci, V., & Wang, B. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2020.3022359 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Uncertainty VisualizationPreprint

Padilla, L., Kay, M., & Hullman, J. R. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/ebd6r · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Methodological Considerations for Furthering the Understanding of Constraints in Applied Sports

Browne, P. R., Sweeting, A. J., Woods, C. T., & Robertson, S. J. (2021) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-021-00313-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Communicating Uncertainty in Digital Humanities Visualization Research

Panagiotidou, G., Lamqaddam, H., Poblome, J., Brosens, K., Verbert, K., & Moere, A. V. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209436 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Uncertainty Visualisation: An Interactive Visual Survey

Jena, A., Engelke, U., Dwyer, T., Raiamanickam, V., & Paris, C. (2020) · IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium · doi:10.1109/pacificvis48177.2020.1014 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Evaluating the Impact of Uncertainty Visualization on Model Reliance

Zhao, J. L., Wang, Y., Mancenido, M. V., Chiou, E. K., & Maciejewski, R. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2023.3251950 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Scenario design for infectious disease projections: Integrating concepts from decision analysis and experimental design

Runge, M. C., Shea, K., Howerton, E., Yan, K.-T., Hochheiser, H., Rosenstrom, E. T., Probert, W., Borchering, R., Marathe, M., Lewis, B., et al. (2024) · Epidemics · doi:10.1016/j.epidem.2024.100775 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

The illusion of data validity: Why numbers about people are likely wrong

Jansen, B. J. J., Salminen, J. O., Jung, S., & Almerekhi, H. (2022) · Data and Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.dim.2022.100020 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Beyond Trust Building — Calibrating Trust in Visual Analytics

Han, W., & Schulz, H. (2020) · IEEE Workshop on TRust and EXpertise in Visual Analytics (TREX) · doi:10.1109/trex51495.2020.00006 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

A uncertainty visual analytics approach for bus travel time

Zhao, W., Wang, G., Wang, Z., Liu, L., Wei, X., & Ya, W. (2022) · Visual Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.visinf.2022.06.002 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Communicating Uncertainty and Risk in Air Quality Maps

Preston, A., & Ma, K. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3171443 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Data visualisation for decision making under deep uncertainty: current challenges and opportunities

Hadjimichael, A., Schlumberger, J., & Haasnoot, M. (2024) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad858b · Cited by 17 · see citing works

When do data visualizations persuade? The impact of prior attitudes on learning about correlations from scatterplot visualizations

Markant, D. B., Rogha, M., Karduni, A., Wesslen, R. S., & Wenwen Dou, A. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581330 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Data visualization and domain knowledge: Insights through focus groups of researchers in Spain

Vázquez‐Ingelmo, A., García‐Holgado, A., Verdugo-Castro, S., Therón, R., & García‐Peñalvo, F. J. (2024) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2024.108162 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Implicit Error, Uncertainty and Confidence in Visualization: An Archaeological Case Study

Panagiotidou, G., Vandam, R., Poblome, J., & Moere, A. V. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2021.3088339 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Designing for Ambiguity: Visual Analytics in Avalanche Forecasting

Nowak, S., Bartram, L., & Haegeli, P. (2020) · Visualization · doi:10.1109/vis47514.2020.00023 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Two graphs walk into a bar: Readout-based measurement reveals the Bar-Tip Limit error, a common, categorical misinterpretation of mean bar graphs

Kerns, S. H., & Wilmer, J. B. (2021) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/jov.21.12.17 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Uncertainty visualization: Fundamentals and recent developments

Hägele, D., Schulz, C., Beschle, C. A., Booth, H., Butt, M., Barth, A., Deußen, O., & Weiskopf, D. (2022) · it - Information Technology · doi:10.1515/itit-2022-0033 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Exploring the role of conscientiousness on visualization-supported decision-making

Alves, T., Delgado, T., Henriques‐Calado, J., Gonçalves, D. J. V., & Gama, S. P. (2023) · Computers & Graphics · doi:10.1016/j.cag.2023.01.010 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Interpretability Gone Bad: The Role of Bounded Rationality in How Practitioners Understand Machine Learning

Kaur, H., Conrad, M. R., Rule, D., Lampe, C. A. C., & Gilbert, É. (2024) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3637354 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Evaluating the impact of visualization of risk upon emergency route-planning

Cheong, L., Kinkeldey, C., Burfurd, I., Bleisch, S., & Duckham, M. (2019) · International Journal of Geographical Information Systems · doi:10.1080/13658816.2019.1701677 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Bayesian Methods for Interaction and Design

Williamson, J., Oulasvirta, A., Kristensson, P. O., & Banović, N. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108874830 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Subjective Probability Correction for Uncertainty Representations

Yang, F., Hedayati, M., & Kay, M. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3580998 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Comparing the Effectiveness of Visualizations of Different Data Distributions

Rodrigues, A. M. B., Barbosa, G. D. J., Lopes, H., & Barbosa, S. D. J. (2019) · SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images (SIBGRAPI) · doi:10.1109/sibgrapi.2019.00020 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Improving the Use of Hydrologic Probabilistic and Deterministic Information in Decision-Making

Carr, R., Semmens, K., Montz, B., & Maxfield, K. (2021) · Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS) · doi:10.1175/bams-d-21-0019.1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Should I Follow this Model? The Effect of Uncertainty Visualization on the Acceptance of Time Series Forecasts

Leffrang, D., & Muller, O. (2021) · IEEE Workshop on TRust and EXpertise in Visual Analytics (TREX) · doi:10.1109/trex53765.2021.00009 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Empirical testing of the visualizations of climate change mitigation scenarios with citizens: A comparison among Germany, Poland, and France

Xexakis, G., & Trutnevyte, E. (2021) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102324 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Insights and Opportunities for HCI Research into Hurricane Risk Communication

Soden, R., Chilton, L. B., Miles, S. B., Bicksler, R., Villanueva, K. R., & Bica, M. (2022) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3491102.3502101 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Milliways: Taming Multiverses through Principled Evaluation of Data Analysis Paths

Sarma, A., Hwang, K., Hullman, J. R., & Kay, M. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642375 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Uncertainty Treemaps

Sondag, M., Meulemans, W., Schulz, C., Verbeek, K., Weiskopf, D., & Speckmann, B. (2020) · IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium · doi:10.1109/pacificvis48177.2020.7614 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Uncertainty-aware visual analytics: scope, opportunities, and challenges

Maack, R. G. C., Scheuermann, G., Hagen, H., Peñaloza, J. T. H., & Gillmann, C. (2022) · The Visual Computer · doi:10.1007/s00371-022-02733-6 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Exploring the Effects of Aggregation Choices on Untrained Visualization Users' Generalizations From Data

Nguyen, F., Qiao, X., Heer, J., & Hullman, J. R. (2020) · Computer Graphics Forum · doi:10.1111/cgf.13902 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Effect of uncertainty visualizations on myopic loss aversion and the equity premium puzzle in retirement investment decisions

Wesslen, R., Karduni, A., Markant, D., & Dou, W. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2021.3114692 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Uncertainty-Aware Multidimensional Scaling

Hägele, D., Krake, T., & Weiskopf, D. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209420 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Communicating Uncertainty in Machine Learning Explanations: A Visualization Analytics Approach for Predictive Process Monitoring

Mehdiyev, N., Majlatow, M., & Fettke, P. (2024) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-63800-8_21 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Challenges in Evaluating Interactive Visual Machine Learning Systems

Boukhelifa, N., Bezerianos, A., Chang, R., Collins, C., Drucker, S. M., Endert, A., Hullman, J. R., North, C. L., & Sedlmair, M. (2020) · IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications · doi:10.1109/mcg.2020.3017064 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

How Teams Communicate about the Quality of ML Models: A Case Study at an International Technology Company

Almahmoud, J., DeLine, R. A., & Drucker, S. M. (2021) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3463934 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Studying Early Decision Making with Progressive Bar Charts

Patil, A., Richer, G., Jermaine, C., Moritz, D., & Fekete, J. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209426 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Position Paper: Are We Making Progress In Visualization Research?

Correll, M. (2022) · IEEE Evaluation and Beyond - Methodological Approaches for Visualization (BELIV) · doi:10.1109/beliv57783.2022.00005 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

A Qualitative Interview Study of Distributed Tracing Visualisation: A Characterisation of Challenges and Opportunities

Davidson, T. J., Wall, E., & Mace, J. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2023.3241596 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

In Dice We Trust: Uncertainty Displays for Maintaining Trust in Election Forecasts Over Time

Yang, F., Mortenson, C. R., Nisbet, E. C., Diakopoulos, N. A., & Kay, M. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642371 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Numerical and Visual Representations of Uncertainty Lead to Different Patterns of Decision Making

Matzen, L. E., Howell, B. C., Trumbo, M., & Divis, K. (2023) · IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications · doi:10.1109/mcg.2023.3299875 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

An empirical study of counterfactual visualization to support visual causal inference

Wang, A. Z., Borland, D., & Gotz, D. (2024) · Information Visualization · doi:10.1177/14738716241229437 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Using AI Uncertainty Quantification to Improve Human Decision-MakingPreprint

Marusich, L. R., Bakdash, J. Z., Zhou, Y., & Kantarcıoğlu, M. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/6syfv · Cited by 13 · see citing works

A Knowledge Mobilization Framework: Toward Evidence-Based Statistical Communication Practices in Education Research

Fitzgerald, K. G., & Tipton, E. (2023) · Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness · doi:10.1080/19345747.2023.2209082 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

An Analysis of the Interplay and Mutual Benefits of Grounded Theory and Visualization

Diehl, A., Abdul‐Rahman, A., Bach, B., El‐Assady, M., Kraus, M., Laramee, R. S., Keim, D. A., & Chen, M. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3452985 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Odds and Insights: Decision Quality in Exploratory Data Analysis Under Uncertainty

Sarma, A., Pu, X., Cui, Y., Correll, M., Brown, E. T., & Kay, M. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3641995 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

What Do We Actually Learn from Evaluations in the “Heroic Era” of Visualization? : Position Paper

Correll, M. (2020) · doi:10.1109/beliv51497.2020.00013 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Is less more? Experimenting with visual stacking of coincident maps for spatial global sensitivity analysis in urban land-use change modeling

Şalap‐Ayça, S., Jankowski, P. L., Clarke, K., & Nara, A. (2021) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105181 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Rare, but Valuable: Understanding Data-centered Talk in News Website Comment Sections

McInnis, B., Sun, L., Shin, J., & Dow, S. W. (2020) · Proc. ACM Hum. Comput. Interact. · doi:10.1145/3415245 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Natural Expression of a Machine Learning Model's Uncertainty Through Verbal and Non-Verbal Behavior of Intelligent Virtual Agents

Schmidt, S., Rolff, T., Voigt, H., Offe, M., & Steinicke, F. (2024) · ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST) · doi:10.1145/3654777.3676454 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Who said only military officers can deal with uncertainty? On the importance of uncertainty in edtech data visualisations

Macgilchrist, F., & Jarke, J. (2025) · Discourse Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education · doi:10.1080/01596306.2025.2467365 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Balancing the Unknown: Exploring Human Reliance on AI Advice under Aleatoric and Epistemic Uncertainty

Holstein, J., Böcking, L., Spitzer, P., Kühl, N., Vössing, M., & Satzger, G. (2025) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/3762813 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Complex model calibration through emulation, a worked example for a stochastic epidemic model

Dunne, M., Mohammadi, H., Challenor, P., Borgo, R., Porphyre, T., Vernon, I., Fırat, E. E., Turkay, Ç., Torsney-Weir, T., Goldstein, M., et al. (2022) · Epidemics · doi:10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100574 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

The Rational Agent Benchmark for Data Visualization

Wu, Y., Guo, Z., Mamakos, M., Hartline, J. D., & Hullman, J. R. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326513 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

What’s really wrong with bar graphs of mean values: variable and inaccurate communication of evidence on three key dimensionsPreprint

Wilmer, J. B., & Kerns, S. H. (2022) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/av5ey · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Communicating Consequences: Visual Narratives, Abstraction, and Polysemy in Rural Bangladesh

Sultana, S., Ahmed, S. I., & Rzeszotarski, J. M. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581149 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

'The AI is uncertain, so am I. What now?': Navigating Shortcomings of Uncertainty Representations in Human-AI Collaboration with Capability-focused Guidance

Schäfer, U., Sipos, L., & Müller-Birn, C. (2025) · Proc. ACM Hum. Comput. Interact. · doi:10.1145/3757451 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Evaluating the Utility of Conformal Prediction Sets for AI-Advised Image Labeling

Zhang, D., Chatzimparmpas, A., Kamali, N., & Hullman, J. R. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642446 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

From Delays to Densities: Exploring Data Uncertainty through Speech, Text, and Visualization

Stokes, C., Sanker, C., Cogley, B., & Setlur, V. (2024) · Computer Graphics Forum · doi:10.1111/cgf.15100 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Unmasking Dunning-Kruger Effect in Visual Reasoning & Judgment

Chen, M., Liu, Y., & Wall, E. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456326 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Visualizing Uncertainty in Time Series Forecasts: The Impact of Uncertainty Visualization on Users' Confidence, Algorithmic Advice Utilization, and Forecasting Performance

Leffrang, D., & Müller, O. (2024) · Journal of Forecasting · doi:10.1002/for.3222 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

FairICP: identifying biases and increasing transparency at the point of care in post-implementation clinical decision support using inductive conformal prediction

Sun, X., Nakashima, M., Nguyen, C. T., Chen, P., Tang, W. H. W., Kwon, D. H., & Chen, D. J. (2025) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocaf095 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

A systematic review of measurement uncertainty visualizations in the context of standardized assessments

Heltne, A., Frans, N., Hummelen, B., Falkum, E., Germans Selvik, S., & Paap, M. C. S. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12918 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Evaluating the effect of visually represented geodata uncertainty on decision-making: systematic review, lessons learned, and recommendations

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Why Evaluating Uncertainty Visualization is Error Prone

Hullman, J. R. (2016) · doi:10.1145/2993901.2993919 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

The Influence of Uncertainty Visualization on Decision Making: An Empirical Evaluation

Deitrick, S., & Edsall, R. M. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-35589-8_45 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

Recent advances and challenges in uncertainty visualization: a survey

Kamal, A., Dhakal, P., Javaid, A. Y., Devabhaktuni, V., Kaur, D., Zaientz, J. D., & Marinier, R. (2021) · Journal of Visualization · doi:10.1007/s12650-021-00755-1 · Cited by 71 · see citing works

Cognitive evaluation of uncertainty visualization methods for decision making

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