Phycocyanobilin reduces brain injury after endothelin-1- induced focal cerebral ischaemia
Abstract
Pharmacological therapies for interrupting biochemical events of the ischaemic cascade and protecting against stroke in humans are as yet unavailable. Up to now, the neuroprotective activity in cerebral ischaemia of phycocyanobilin (PCB), a tetrapyrrolic natural antioxidant, has not been fully examined. Here, we evaluated if PCB protects PC12 neuronal cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation plus reperfusion, and its protective effects in a rat model of endothelin-1-induced focal brain ischaemia. PCB was purified from the cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis and characterized by spectrophotometric, liquid and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques. In Wistar rats, PCB at 50, 100 and 200 μg/kg or phosphate-buffered saline (vehicle) was administered intraperitoneally at equal subdoses in a therapeutic schedule (30 minutes, 1, 3 and 6 hours after the surgery). Brain expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and the enzyme CNPase was determined by immunoelectron microscopy. PCB was obtained with high purity (>95%) and the absence of solvent contaminants and was able to ameliorate PC12 cell ischaemic injury. PCB treatment significantly decreased brain infarct volume, limited the exploratory behaviour impairment and preserved viable cortical neurons in ischaemic rats in a dose-dependent manner, compared to the vehicle group. Furthermore, PCB at high doses restored the MBP and CNPase expression levels in ischaemic rats. An improved PCB purification method from its natural source is reported, obtaining PCB that is suitable for pharmacological trials showing neuroprotective effects against experimental ischaemic stroke. Therefore, PCB could be a therapeutic pharmacological alternative for ischaemic stroke patients.
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PCB treatment significantly reduced brain infarct volume, limited exploratory behavior impairment, and preserved viable cortical neurons in ischemic rats in a dose-dependent manner with respect to the vehicle group.
“PCB treatment significantly reduced brain infarct volume, limited exploratory behavior impairment, and preserved viable cortical neurons in ischemic rats in a dose-dependent manner with respect to the vehicle group.”
From Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Consumption on Brain Health (2022) · cites this paper as [65]
PCB at high doses restored the expression levels of myelin basic protein and the enzyme CNPase in ischemic rats.
“Furthermore, PCB at high doses restored the expression levels of myelin basic protein and the enzyme CNPase in ischemic rats [65].”
From Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Consumption on Brain Health (2022) · cites this paper as [65]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Pavón‐Fuentes, N., Marín‐Prida, J., Llópiz‐Arzuaga, A., Falcón‐Cama, V., Campos‐Mojena, R., Cervantes‐Llanos, M., Piniella‐Matamoros, B., Pentón‐Arias, E., & Pentón‐Rol, G.
- Affiliations
- International Centre for Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Havana Cuba
- University of Havana (CU)
- Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) Havana Cuba
- Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología (CU)
- Corresponding author
- Pentón‐Rol, Giselle
- Venue
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-12-06
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 383-392
- ISSN
- 0305-1870 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1681
- OpenAlex
- W2988204461
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- phycocyanobilin, neuroprotection, cerebral ischemia, ischemic stroke, endothelin-1, oxygen-glucose deprivation, PC12 cells, myelin basic protein, CNPase, infarct size, exploratory behavior, cyanobacteria, Spirulina platensis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Injuries, Brain Ischemia, Male, Phycocyanin, PC12 Cells, Rats, Wistar, Endothelin-1, Rats, Phycobilins
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