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Procrastination: self-regulation in initiating aversive goals.
Abstract
Procrastination is a common phenomenon that is easily recognised as one of the behaviours involved in not doing and avoiding work. However, work motivation theories have not devoted much attention to why people don’t do things at work. Just as the study of abnormal behaviour is used to understand normal behaviour, so can the study of procrastination enhance the understanding of self‐regulation. In this paper, procrastination is defined as the avoidance of the implementation of an intention. It is characterised by the avoidance of the intention and the preference for behaviour or thoughts that distract from the aversiveness of the intention. Individual difference variables, processes, and conditions are identified. Strategies to overcome procrastination are suggested.
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“Both schedules of reinforcement and sensitivity to delay are essential to comprehending procrastination, as the timing of the reward and the person's susceptibility to immediate gratification are assumed to be responsible for the delay of tasks and assignments (van Eerde, 2000).”
From Understanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure (2014) · cites this paper as van Eerde, 2000
In the citing paper
“This is supported by evidence implying that a tendency to boredom is moderately correlated with procrastination (r = .40),while sensation seeking has a small correlation with procrastination (r = .17),suggesting that some individuals may be more responsive to boredom and may defer their commitments in order to become more motivated (van Eerde, 2000).”
From Understanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure (2014) · cites this paper as van Eerde, 2000
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, cognitive interventions that specifically target irrational beliefs related to time management and goal setting have been proposed to promote more realistic performance judgments and the individual's engagement in goal-directed behaviors (van Eerde, 2000);”
From Understanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure (2014) · cites this paper as van Eerde, 2000
In the citing paper
“Treatment interventions intended to reduce procrastination often consist of several behavioral measures that increase automaticity, facilitate time management, and prevent the individual from becoming distracted while working on tasks and assignments (van Eerde, 2000).”
From Understanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure (2014) · cites this paper as van Eerde, 2000
In the citing paper
“This is particularly important in terms of raising self-esteem and self-efficacy, both associated with procrastination (van Eerde, 2000).”
From Understanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure (2014) · cites this paper as van Eerde, 2000
In the citing paper
“In other words, even though all variables are responsible for procrastination to some extent, their influence may vary owing to internal and external factors: some individuals procrastinate because insufficient value or nonexistent rewards are associated with the task, while others engage in procrastination related to their susceptibility to immediate gratification (Steel, 2007;van Eerde, 2000).”
From Understanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure (2014) · cites this paper as van Eerde, 2000
In the citing paper
“As is well documented in the research literature over the past 40 years, such delays and diversions are related to personality factors, as for example impulsiveness and a preference for short-term gratification, deficiencies in planning and self-regulation, low self-efficacy, tiredness, and low energy, and task avoidance (van Eerde, 2000; Steel, 2007; Steel et al., 2018).”
From How Study Environments Foster Academic Procrastination: Overview and Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as van Eerde, 2000
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
A meta-analytically derived nomological network of procrastination.
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“Procrastination refers to the postponement of a behavior that is experienced as emotionally unattractive, but cognitively important because it will lead to positive outcomes in the future (cf. Van Eerde, 2000 ).”
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“This suggests that disorganization may be more closely related to not following-up on plans earlier formulated rather than to the absence of a plan in the first place (Ariely & Wertenbroch, 2002; van Eerde, 2000 ).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Van Eerde, W.
- Venue
- Applied Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-07
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 372-389
- ISSN
- 0269-994X (ISSN-L)
- 1464-0597
- OpenAlex
- W2102016090
- Cited by
- 231
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Applied Psychology (publishedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- procrastination, self-regulation, employee motivation, avoidance behavior, distraction, individual differences
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