Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,107

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Micro Strategy and Strategizing: Towards an Activity‐Based View

Johnson, Gerry, Melin, Leif, Whittington, Richard·2003·Journal of Management Studies
DOI 10.1111/1467-6486.t01-2-00002
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

abstract This introductory paper provides a background to the origins, themes and papers of this Special Issue on Micro Strategy and Strategizing. Our overarching argument is that, while the field of strategy has traditionally concentrated on the macro‐level of organizations, it needs now to attend to much more micro‐level phenomena. We propose an activity‐based view of strategy that focuses on the detailed processes and practices which constitute the day‐to‐day activities of organizational life and which relate to strategic outcomes. The paper develops this view by considering two bodies of theory, those of the resource based view and institutionalism; two bodies of empirical work, those on corporate diversification and structure; and finally the process tradition of strategy research. The paper identifies the benefits of the activity‐based view and introduces some challenges for further research. It concludes by introducing the papers in this Special Issue.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/1467-6486.t01-2-00002

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 3 references

Research works printed but not linked: 85

  1. Abrahamson E., 1996, ‘Management fashion’., Academy of Management Review, 21, 254
  2. Achtenhagen L., 2001, Dissertation
  3. 10.4135/9781446220443.n2 · DOI
  4. 10.1177/017084069701800106 · DOI · Paper page
  5. 10.5465/amr.1986.4306261 · doi:10.5465/amr.1986.4306261 · Paper page
  6. 10.1287/orsc.11.2.197.12509 · DOI
  7. 10.1002/1097-0266(200101)22:1<1::AID-SMJ143>3.0.CO;2-T · DOI · Paper page
  8. 10.2307/41165985 · doi:10.2307/41165985
  9. 10.1016/0165-4101(90)90050-E · doi:10.1016/0165-4101(90)90050-e
  10. Brown J. S., 2000, The Social Life of Information
  11. 10.2307/2393807 · DOI · Paper page
  12. 10.1002/smj.4250131003 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Chandler A. D., 1962, Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of American Industrial Enterprise
  14. Charkravarthy B., 2002, Handbook of Strategy and Management
  15. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199902)20:2<147::AID-SMJ11>3.0.CO;2-Q · DOI · Paper page
  16. D’Aveni, R. (with Gunther, 1955, Hypercompetitive Rivalries
  17. DiMaggio P. J., 1991, New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis
  18. 10.4135/9781446217153 · DOI · Paper page
  19. 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600909 · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600909
  20. Eden C., 1996, Handbook of Organization Studies, 526
  21. Eisenhardt K., 2002, Handbook of Strategy and Management
  22. Galunic C., 1994, ‘Renewing the strategy‐structure‐performance paradigm’., Research in Organizational Behavior, 16, 215
  23. Garud R., 2002, Handbook of Strategy and Management
  24. Grant R., 2002, Handbook of Strategy and Management
  25. 10.2307/256338 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Grint K., 1999, The Arts of Leadership
  27. Hellgren B., 1993, Strategic Thinking, Leadership and the Management of Change
  28. Hickson D. J., 1986, Top Decisions: Strategic Decision Making in Organizations
  29. 10.1287/orsc.3.4.501 · DOI · Paper page
  30. 10.2307/259014 · DOI · Paper page
  31. Johnson G., 1987, Strategic Change and the Management Process
  32. Johnson G., 1997, Strategic Flexibility
  33. 10.4135/9781446220443.n10 · DOI
  34. Johnson G., 2000, ‘Micro processes of institutional change in the context of privatization’., Academy of Management Review, 25, 572, 10.2307/259310 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Jönsson S., 1977, Prescriptive Models of Organizations
  36. 10.1177/017084069101200205 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Kotler J., 1982, The General Managers
  38. Lindell P., 1998, Managerial and Organizational Cognition. Theory, Methods and Research
  39. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199707)18:1 <15::AID-SMJ916>3.3.CO;2-T · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199707)18:1
  40. Markides C. C., 2002, Handbook of Strategy and Management
  41. 10.2307/256783 · DOI · Paper page
  42. Melin L., 1986, ‘The field‐of‐force metaphor: a study in industrial change’., International Studies of Management and Organization, 17, 24, 10.1080/00208825.1987.11656443 · doi:10.1080/00208825.1987.11656443
  43. Melin L., 1987, Management of Strategic Change, 154
  44. Melin L., 1989, Advances in International Marketing, 161
  45. 10.1002/smj.4250130908 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Melin L., 1993, Building the Strategically Responsive Organization
  47. 10.1177/014920639101700413 · DOI · Paper page
  48. Mintzberg H., 1973, The Nature of Managerial Work
  49. 10.2307/2392045 · DOI · Paper page
  50. 10.1002/smj.4250130305 · DOI · Paper page
  51. Nelson R. R., 1982, An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change
  52. 10.2307/2391830 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Normann R., 1977, Management for Growth
  54. Penrose E., 1959, The Theory of the Growth of the Firm
  55. 10.1080/00208825.1977.11656228 · DOI · Paper page
  56. Pettigrew A. M., 1985, The Awakening Giant
  57. Pettigrew A. M., 1991, Managing Change for Competitive Success
  58. Pettigrew A. M., 2002, Handbook of Strategy and Management
  59. Priem R., 2001, ‘Is the resource‐based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research’?, Academy of Management Review, 26, 22
  60. Rhenman E., 1973, Organization Theory for Long‐Range Planning
  61. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199905)20:5<487::AID-SMJ26>3.0.CO;2-K · DOI · Paper page
  62. Ruigrok W., 2000, The Innovating Organization
  63. Rumelt R. P., 1974, Strategy, Structure and Economic Performance
  64. 10.1002/smj.4250120302 · DOI · Paper page
  65. Rumelt R. P., 1994, Fundamental Issues in Strategy
  66. Schendel D., 2000, Mastering Strategy: the Complete MBA Companion in Strategy
  67. Schön D. A., 1983, The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action
  68. Scott W. R., 1994, Institutions and Organizations: Foundations for Organisational Science
  69. Scott W. R., 1995, The Institutional Construction of Organizations.
  70. 10.1111/1467-8551.12.s1.2 · DOI · Paper page
  71. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199702)18:2<111::AID-SMJ856>3.0.CO;2-8 · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199702)18:2<111::aid-smj856>3.0.co;2-8
  72. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z · DOI · Paper page
  73. Tolbert P. S., 1996, A Handbook of Organization Studies
  74. 10.1111/1467-8551.00103 · DOI · Paper page
  75. 10.1002/1097-0266(200009)21:9<925::AID-SMJ129>3.0.CO;2-I · DOI · Paper page
  76. 10.1287/orsc.6.3.280 · DOI · Paper page
  77. Weick K. E., 1995, Sensemaking in Organizations
  78. 10.2307/2393372 · DOI · Paper page
  79. 10.1002/smj.4250050207 · DOI · Paper page
  80. 10.1111/j.1467-6486.1988.tb00045.x · DOI · Paper page
  81. 10.1016/0024-6301(96)00068-4 · DOI · Paper page
  82. Whittington R., 2002, Handbook of Strategy and Management
  83. Whittington R.(2003).‘The work of strategizing and organizing: for a practice perspective’.Strategic Organization 1 1 (forthcoming). · doi:10.1177/147612700311006 · Paper page
  84. 10.1287/orsc.10.5.583 · DOI · Paper page
  85. 10.1287/orsc.8.3.209 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 1,107

Metadata

Authors
Johnson, G., Melin, L., & Whittington, R.
Venue
Journal of Management Studies
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2003-01
Volume
40
Issue
1
Pages
3-22
ISSN
  • 0022-2380 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-6486
DOI
10.1111/1467-6486.t01-2-00002
OpenAlex
W3122441192
Cited by
1,107
References
3
FWCI
61.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 30 d)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Micro Strategy and Strategizing: Towards an Activity‐Based View. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/1467-6486.t01-2-00002
The paper
Johnson, G., Melin, L., & Whittington, R. (2003). Micro Strategy and Strategizing: Towards an Activity‐Based View. Journal of Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.t01-2-00002

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.