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The specificity of environmental influence: socioeconomic status affects early vocabulary development via maternal speech.

Hoff, Erika·2003·Child Development

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Abstract

The hypothesis was tested that children whose families differ in socioeconomic status (SES) differ in their rates of productive vocabulary development because they have different language-learning experiences. Naturalistic interaction between 33 high-SES and 30 mid-SES mothers and their 2-year-old children was recorded at 2 time points 10 weeks apart. Transcripts of these interactions provided the basis for estimating the growth in children's productive vocabularies between the first and second visits and properties of maternal speech at the first visit. The high-SES children grew more than the mid-SES children in the size of their productive vocabularies. Properties of maternal speech that differed as a function of SES fully accounted for this difference. Implications of these findings for mechanisms of environmental influence on child development are discussed.

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Authors: Hoff, E.
Affiliations: Florida Atlantic University (US)
Corresponding author: Hoff, Erika
ORCID: Hoff, Erika
Venue: Child Development
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2003-09-12
Volume: 74
Issue: 5
Pages: 1368-1378
ISSN: 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
1467-8624
DOI: 10.1111/1467-8624.00612
OpenAlex: W2165345255
Cited by: 2,346
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 66 · 2025: 103 · 2024: 131 · 2023: 117 · 2022: 179 · 2021: 176 · 2020: 204 · 2019: 202 · 2018: 140 · 2017: 128 · 2016: 140 · 2015: 124 · 2014: 106 · 2013: 105 · 2012: 103
FWCI: 29.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Child Development (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01hd020936-03)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD20936)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
Keywords: socioeconomic status, vocabulary development, maternal speech, language learning, early childhood, mother-child interaction
MeSH terms: Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Language Development, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Social Environment, Socioeconomic Factors, Verbal Behavior, Vocabulary

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The specificity of environmental influence: socioeconomic status affects early vocabulary development via maternal speech.

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